Search

Las crioglobulinas (CG) son proteínas séricas que precipitan en frío in vitro. Se sabe que las CG causan interferencias analíticas en diversos tipos de análisis clínicos, lo que se traduce en resultados incorrectos. Presentamos el caso de una paciente diagnosticada erróneamente de crioglobulinemia esencial debido a la interferencia de las CG en la serología del virus de la hepatitis C (VHC).

The article "The new collagen era: fColI(h), a type I collagen fragment based on wild plants" describes the development of a plant-based collagen fragment. The fragment, called fColI(h), is derived from wild plants and has high purity and the correct posttranslational modifications. It has proven to be effective in in vitro and ex vivo experiments and shows strong anti-aging effects in clinical studies. The Cosmetic Science Conference (CSC) is an important event for the cosmetics industry and focuses on the theme "Cosmetics 360 degrees" with the aim of presenting the development of cosmetic sciences holistically. The article presents various studies on the effects of collagen on the skin and shows that the plant-based collagen fragment fColI(h) could be a promising and safe source of collagen. It also reports on the effectiveness of a plant-based collagen fragment called Col-Frag remastered™, which can achieve short-term anti-aging and rejuvenating effects. [Extracted from the article]

The cosmetic industry is continuously seeking for innovative and reliable products. For generations, collagen has become one of the most trustworthy ingredients due to its efficacy and its interesting properties: anti-aging, moisturizer, humectant, among others. Substantiated concerns have been raised with regard to quality, safety and consistency of animal-sourced collagen. In this context, it has been developed a plant-based fragment of human type I collagen, which is of high purity and contains the proper post-translational modifications to be completely functional due to the use of wild-plant as biofactories' technology. This identical-to-human fragment collagen type I has been shown to have broad efficacy in in vitro and ex vivo tests, as well as a potent anti-aging effect in clinical studies. These interesting properties highlights fColI(h) as a highly effective and safer source of collagen in the very near future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper a study of the radio propagation environment of electromagnetic waves prevailing in the lower troposphere of the Western Mediterranean basin is presented. Deviations from atmospheric average or standard radio propagation conditions (anomalous propagation or AP) can affect significantly the quality of weather radar observations and other telecommunication systems. This is particularly important when ducting or superrefraction is present and spurious echoes resulting from the interaction of the beam with the ground or sea surface may appear. These AP conditions occur mainly when temperature inversions or strong moisture gradients are present. The period covered in this study ranges from 1999 to 2008 and conditions were derived from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) modeling system, using the Japanese 25-year Reanalysis (JRA25) dataset as initial and boundary data. From the WRF model, we use the temperature, moisture, and pressure fields with a grid length of 30-km horizontal resolution and 250 m vertical resolution to compute several indices such as the Vertical Refractivity Gradient, Vertical Modified Refractivity Gradient and a Ducting Index. Results obtained show that on the Western Mediterranean coast the most favorable conditions for superrefraction are found in summer, while the most affected areas are the Gulf of Valencia, the Strait of Gibraltar and the Northern Gulf of Lion. Additionally, a comparison with radiosonde data recorded in Barcelona (NE Spain) is also performed indicating an overall agreement between model and observational data despite a tendency to decrease subrefractive events by the WRF model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mechanisms of resistance to HIV-1 infection in the human oral cavity are incompletely understood. While salivary components have been implicated in protection, there is growing evidence that human beta-defensins (hBDs), originating in oral epithelial cells, may be playing an important role in the prevention of HIV infection. New antiviral, chemotactic, and immunosurveillance properties are being attributed to hBDs, which are small cationic antimicrobial innate response molecules expressed in mucosal epithelium. Inducible hBDs are always expressed in normal oral epithelium, a property not shared by other mucosal barriers. Data reviewed in this paper demonstrate that: (1) HIV-1 X4 and R5 phenotypes induce hBD-2 and -3 mRNA in normal human oral epithelial cells; (2) hBD-2 and -3 inhibit HIV-1 infection by both viral strains, with greater activity against X4 viruses; and (3) this inhibition is due to a direct interaction with virions and through modulation of the CXCR4 co-receptor. These properties may be exploited as strategies for mucosal protection against HIV-1 transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To determine whether elevated intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) is associated with a higher rate of enteral nutrition-related gastrointestinal (GI) complications; to assess the value of IAP as a predictor of enteral nutrition (EN) intolerance. Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients on mechanical ventilation requiring at least 5 days of EN were recruited for a prospective, observational, non-interventional, multicenter study. EN was performed and GI complications were managed with an established protocol. IAP was determined via a urinary catheter. Patients who developed any GI complications were considered as presenting EN intolerance. Variables related to EN, IAP and GI complications were monitored daily. Statistical analysis compared patients without GI complications (group A) vs. GI complications (group B). 247 patients were recruited from 28 participating ICUs (group A: 119, group B: 128). No differences between groups were recorded. Patients in group B (p < 0.001) spent more days on EN (8.1 ± 8.4 vs. 18.1 ± 13.7), on mechanical ventilation (8.0 ± 7.7 vs. 19.3 ± 14.9) and in the ICU (12.3 ± 11.4 vs. 24.8 ± 17.5). IAP prior to the GI complication was (14.3 ± 3.1 vs. 15.8 ± 4.8) (p < 0.003). The best IAP value identified for EN intolerance was 14 mmHg but it had low sensitivity and specificity. Although a higher IAP was associated with EN intolerance, IAP alone did not emerge as a good predictor of EN intolerance in critically ill patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study aims to identify infection etiology in febrile neutropenia (FN) is vital. This study explores different microbiological approaches and their impact on diagnosing infections in patients with hematologic malignancies and FN., Methods: This is a retrospective analysis conducted at the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona details microbiological testing strategies used to diagnose infections at FN onset between January 2020 and July 2022., Results: A total of 4520 microbiological tests were ordered in 462 FN episodes, achieving a 10% test positivity rate, with 200 (43.3%) episodes showing microbiological documentation of infection. Blood cultures (40.4%), non-culture blood tests (21.2%), and respiratory tract samples (16.2%) were the most requested. Blood cultures exhibited the highest (16.9%) test positivity rates, whereas non-culture blood tests showed the lowest (3.3%). Bacterial infections were present in 149 of 462 (32.3%) FN episodes. Viral infections (66 of 462, 14.3%)-notably, respiratory viruses-were also frequent. Mortality rate at 60 days was 9.1%; documented infections were associated with a higher risk (15%)., Conclusions: In the current landscape of antimicrobial diagnostics, our findings revealed the highest reported rate of microbiologically documented infections at FN onset. Bacterial infections are common; however, our data reiterate the significance of viral infections in causing fever. Optimizing FN management during respiratory viral infections remains a challenge for antimicrobial de-escalation. The low positivity rates observed in certain diagnostic tests emphasize the need for cost-effective diagnostic stewardship., Competing Interests: Declarations of competing interest CG-V has received honoraria for talks on behalf of Gilead Science, MSD, Pfizer, Jannsen, Novartis, Basilea, GSK, Shionogi, AbbVie, and Advanz Pharma and grant support from Gilead Science, Pfizer, GSK, MSD, and PharmaMar. PP-A has received honoraria for talks on behalf of Merck Sharp and Dohme, Lilly, ViiV Healthcare, and Gilead Science., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Background: The effects of post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) syndrome on the cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness in older people are of utmost relevance. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a 12-week telerehabilitation programme on cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness and body composition in older patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome., Methods: One hundred twenty older patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome were randomly assigned to one of two groups: patients who carried out the telerehabilitation programme (n = 60; age: 65.0 ± 5.2; female: 14.2%) and a control group (n = 60; age: 64.3 ± 5.0; female: 24.5%). An incremental cardiopulmonary exercise testing, isokinetic strength test, and bioelectrical impedance analysis were performed to compare cardiorespiratory and muscle strength responses and body composition between telerehabilitation and control groups., Results: A significant increase in the cardiopulmonary exercise testing duration was found in the telerehabilitation group compared to the control group (mean difference = 88.9 s, P = 0.001). Peak oxygen uptake increased in the telerehabilitation group (mean difference = 3.0 mL·kg -1 ·min -1 , P < 0.001) and control group (mean difference = 1.9 mL·kg -1 ·min -1 , P < 0.001). Power output in cycle ergometer (mean difference = 25.9 watts, P < 0.001), fat free mass (mean difference = 2.1 kg, P = 0.004), soft lean mass (mean difference = 2.1 kg, P = 0.003), and skeletal muscle mass (mean difference = 1.4 kg, P = 0.003) only increased in the telerehabilitation group. A significant increase in the power output was observed in the telerehabilitation group compared with the control group in both lower limbs after isokinetic strength test of the leg extension at a speed of 60° (right: mean difference = 18.7 watts, P = 0.012; left: mean difference = 15.3 watts, P = 0.010). The peak torque of right leg extension increased only in the telerehabilitation group after isokinetic strength test at a speed of 60° (mean difference = 13.1 N·m, P < 0.001). A significant increase in the power output was observed in the telerehabilitation group compared with the control group in the left leg extension after isokinetic strength test at a speed of 180° (mean difference = 30.2 watts, P = 0.003)., Conclusions: The telerehabilitation programme improved cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, and body composition in older patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome to a greater extent than a control group. The telerehabilitation programmes may be an alternative to improve the sequelae of post-COVID-19 syndrome in older patients., (© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Parents have reported emotional regulation problems in cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS) and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The first objective of this research was to explore the differences between the parents' ratings on CDS, ADHD, hyperactivity/impulsivity, inattention, anxiety, depression and emotional dysregulation. The second one was to compare the predictive capacity of CDS and ADHD over anxiety, depression and emotional regulation problems. The third one was to analyze the mediation of emotional dysregulation in CDS, ADHD, hyperactivity/impulsivity, inattention, and anxiety and depression. The sampling used was non-probabilistic. The final sample consisted of 1,070 participants (484 fathers and 586 mothers) who completed the Emotion Regulation Checklist (ERC) and the Child and Adolescent Behavior Inventory (CABI). In relation to the first objective, first, mothers reported more emotional regulation problems in children than in fathers. Second, emotional regulation problems were more strongly correlated with hyperactivity/impulsivity. Significant differences were found in all father scores, except for anxiety and the emotional regulation subscale. Regarding mothers, significant differences were only observed in ADHD scores, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and depression. Both parents reported more problems in older children, except for hyperactivity/impulsivity scores and ADHD rated by mothers. According to the second objective, CDS scores were found to significantly predict anxiety and depression scores, but not those of inattention or emotional regulation problems. Finally, in relation to the third objective, emotional regulation problems mediated the relationships between CDS, ADHD, and anxiety and depression. In conclusion, the data support the importance of emotional regulation problems in understanding CDS and its relationship with ADHD, anxiety, and depression.

Objectives: Knowledge of frailty prevalence and incidence trends over time is essential for planning the necessary health and social resources. The objective of this study was to assess frailty prevalence, incidence, reversibility and mortality rates, and trends for the population aged ≥65 years in Catalonia over the period 2017-2021., Study Design: Longitudinal epidemiological study., Methods: An observational longitudinal 5-year study (1 January 2017 to 31 December 2021) of the population aged ≥65 years in Catalonia (approximately 1.5 million individuals) was performed using retrospectively collected data from different health databases. Frailty status was evaluated using the electronic Screening Index of Frailty (e-SIF) and categorised as robust, pre-frail, moderately frail or severely frail., Results: Standardised frailty prevalence rates were 10.5 % (2017), 11.8 % (2018), 13.1 % (2019), 12.9 % (2020) and 14.3 % (2021) [p-value for trend = 0.010]. Standardised frailty incidence rates per 1000 non-frail persons/year were 35 (2018), 36 (2019), 28 (2020) and 33 (2021) [p-value for trend = 0.492]. Both prevalence and incidence were higher in women and increased with age. Standardised frailty reversibility rates per 1000 frail persons/year were 123 (2018), 108 (2019) and 121 (2020) [p-value for trend = 0.406], and decreased with age. Standardised mortality rates for frail individuals per 1000 frail persons/year were 93 (2018), 84 (2019) and 110 (2020) [p-value for trend = 0.555], and increased with frailty severity., Conclusions: Frailty prevalence in Catalonia increased by 36 % between 2017 and 2021; however, no clear trend was evident for frailty incidence and reversibility, while results for mortality were likely to have been influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Study Objectives: To use a nationally representative sample to (1) evaluate the factor structure of the PROMIS parent proxy pediatric sleep scales (Spanish translation), (2) examine the invariance of these scales across sex and across different developmental periods of childhood and adolescence, (3) confirm the information and precision of the scales using item response theory (IRT), and (4) provide age-based normative information., Methods: Parents of a nationally representative sample of 5,525 Spanish children and adolescents ages 5-16 years (56.1% boys) completed the Spanish translation parent proxy short versions of the Sleep Disturbance and Sleep-Related Impairment scales. We conducted confirmatory factor analyses (CFA), invariance analyses, and graded response IRT analyses., Results: CFAs conducted separately on males and females within three age groups (early childhood: ages 5-8 years; middle childhood: ages 9-12 years; adolescence: ages 13-16 years) indicated all items had a substantial loading with one exception (the sleep continuity item ["my child slept through the night"] had a substantially lower loading and was removed for subsequent analyses). The scores on the two scales demonstrated invariance across sex within each age group. Using IRT analyses, both scales showed a high degree of information and precision from slightly below the trait means to slightly above two standard deviations above the trait means., Conclusions: The strong psychometric properties of the short versions of the parent proxy PROMIS pediatric sleep disturbance and sleep-related impairment scales, coupled with age-based norms, suggests these scales are likely to be useful for research and clinical applications., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Sleep Research Society. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.)

Aim: The aim was to assess the effectiveness of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) in preventing CAP in adults., Methods: This was a population-based cohort study, followed up over 5 years (2015-2019), that included 47,768 persons aged ≥18 years assigned to three primary care centres. Data were retrospectively obtained from electronic medical records and databases. The vaccination effect was adjusted for potential confounders. Analyses were performed for the entire study population and for the ≥65 age subgroup., Results: The annual incidence of CAP (per 10 3 adult inhabitants) was 3.29 overall, and 8.08 and 2.93 for vaccinated and non-vaccinated persons, respectively. The non-adjusted effect of PPV23 on CAP was evidenced by HR = 2.80 (95% CI: 2.32-3.37), and after adjusting for possible confounders, PPV23 showed no significant independent effect on CAP in the overall population (HR = 1.14; p = 0.277) or in persons aged ≥65 years (HR = 1.30; p = 0.051). No protective effect was observed in persons vaccinated <2 years previously (HR = 1.17; p = 0.514)., Conclusions: PPV23 showed no effect in preventing CAP in adults aged ≥18 years or in the subgroup aged ≥65 years, even if vaccinated <2 years previously.

Objective: Health inequalities are universal, but their magnitude and determinants vary according to geographic areas, and understanding variations is essential to designing and implementing preventive and corrective policies. Our objective was to evaluate health inequalities in the Maresme region (Catalonia, Spain) and the relationship with socioeconomic indicators., Design: Cross-sectional ecological study (2017). SITE: Maresme region., Participants: Population assigned to any of the Maresme's 21 basic health areas (BHAs)., Measures: Sociodemographic, socioeconomic, health, and health resource use indicators published by the Catalan Health Service's Information and Knowledge Unit., Results: Differences observed between BHAs were 49% in mortality, 266% in diabetes incidence, 348% in stroke incidence, and 89% in hospitalizations. In the most compared to the least disadvantaged BHAs, socioeconomic deprivation, as measured by the socioeconomic index (SEI), was 4.6 times greater and the percentage population with low educational attainment (EA) was 3.7 times higher. Greater deprivation was associated with greater prevalence of diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and high blood pressure, and greater incidence of diabetes, ischemic heart disease, and cancer. Likewise, a greater percentage population with low EA was associated with higher premature mortality and avoidable hospitalizations., Conclusion: Great variation exists in socioeconomic, health, and health resource use between the different Maresme BHAs. Socioeconomic deprivation is strongly correlated with the prevalence and incidence of certain chronic diseases, and low EA is correlated with premature mortality and avoidable hospitalizations. Our findings point to the urgency of taking health inequalities into account in designing and implementing healthcare strategies, programs, and policies., (© 2024 The Author(s). Public Health Nursing published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Introduction: Introduction: medical nutritional treatment (MNT) can be complex and may be associated with potential metabolic complications, which has been recently described as nutritrauma. Objective: the aim of our work is to describe whether the application of the nutritrauma concept in real life is feasible and useful to detect the metabolic complications associated with the prescription of MNT. Material and methods: in this descriptive, prospective study at a single center we enrolled 30 consecutive critically ill patients in a 14-bed medical-surgical intensive care unit. The nutritrauma strategy implementation was based in four "M" steps: Metabolic screening, MNT prescription, biochemical Monitoring, and nutritional Management. Results: we analyzed 28 patients (mean age, 69.7 ± 11.3 years; APACHE II, 18.1 ± 8.1; SOFA, 7.5 ± 3.7; Nutric Score, modified, 4.3 ± 2.01, and mean BMI, 27.2 ± 3.8). The main cause of admission was sepsis (46.4 %). Length of ICU stay was 20.6 ± 15.1 days; 39.3 % of subjects died during their ICU stay. Enteral nutrition (82.1 %) was more frequent than parenteral nutrition (17.9 %). During nutritional monitoring, 54 specific laboratory determinations were made. Hyperglycemia was the most frequent metabolic alteration (83.3 % of measurements). Electrolyte disturbances included hypocalcemia (50 %), hypophosphatemia (29.6 %) and hypokalemia (27.8 %). The most frequent lipid profile abnormalities were hypocholesterolemia (64.8 %) and hypertriglyceridemia (27.8 %). Furthermore, nutritional prescription was modified for 53.6 % of patients: increased protein dosage (25 %), increased calorie dosage (21.4 %) and change to organ-specific diet (17.8 %). Conclusions: in conclusion, the application of the nutritrauma approach facilitates detection of metabolic complications and an evaluation of the appropriate prescription of MNT.

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius , a commensal opportunistic bacterium predominantly residing in the skin of companion animals, particularly dogs, has the potential to induce skin and soft tissue infections in pets, and zoonotic infections, including catheter-related complications. This study documents four cases of S. pseudintermedius infection or colonization in patients who had close contact with dogs or cats. Identification of the bacterial species was performed using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, and antibiotic susceptibility was determined using microdilution assay. DNA was sequenced using Nanopore technology followed by in silico analysis. Three isolates were multidrug resistant, including resistance to methicillin, with one belonging to the prevalent European lineage ST551, and the other two were attributed to a novel multilocus sequence type, ST2672. The remaining isolate was attributed to the novel multilocus sequence type ST2673 and was methicillin susceptible. All four isolates exhibited an array of virulence factors that contributed to colonization, damage to host immune cells, and biofilm formation. All the ST551 isolates included in the comparative analysis displayed clonality within the European continent. The importance of describing zoonotic infections associated with S. pseudintermedius resides in the scarcity of available scientific literature, further accentuated by its heightened resistance profile and potential complications, particularly in the context of catheter-related infections.

Iontronic fluidic ionic/electronic components are emerging as promising elements for artificial brain-like computation systems. Nanopore ionic rectifiers can be operated as a synapse element, exhibiting conductance modulation in response to a train of voltage impulses, thus producing programmable resistive states. We propose a model that replicates hysteresis, rectification, and time domain response properties, based on conductance modulation between two conducting modes and a relaxation time of the state variable. We show that the kinetic effects observed in hysteresis loops govern the potentiation phenomena related to conductivity modulation. To illustrate the efficacy of the model, we apply it to replicate rectification, hysteresis and conductance modulation of two different experimental systems: a polymer membrane with conical pores, and a blind-hole nanoporous anodic alumina membrane with a barrier oxide layer. We show that the time transient analysis of the model develops the observed potentiation and depression phenomena of the synaptic properties., (© 2024 The Authors. ChemPhysChem published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Early detection of disseminating vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) in ICU wards is crucial for outbreak identification and the implementation of prompt infection control measures. Genotypic methods like pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) are costly and time-consuming, hindering rapid response due to batch dependency. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) offers the potential for real-time outbreak detection and reliable strain typing. We utilized FT-IR to identify clonal VREfm dissemination and compared its performance to PFGE and WGS. Between February through October 2023, an unusually high number of VREfm were recovered at a tertiary hospital in Barcelona. Isolates were examined for antimicrobial susceptibility, carriage of vanA/vanB genes and clonality was also studied using FT-IR, PFGE, and WGS. Routine FT-IR inspections revealed recurring VREfm clustering during the outbreak's initial weeks. In total, 104 isolates were recovered from 75 patients and from multiple wards. However, only one isolate was recovered from an environmental sample, suggesting the absence of environmental reservoirs. An ST80 vancomycin-resistant ( vanA ) E. faecium strain was the main strain responsible for the outbreak, although a few additional VREfm strains were also identified, all belonging to CC17. PFGE and cgMLST (WGS) yielded identical clustering results to FT-IR, and WGS confirmed vanA/vanB gene carriage in all VREfm isolates. Infection control measures led to a rapid decline in VREfm isolates, with no isolates detected in November. FT-IR spectroscopy offers rapid turnaround times, sensitivity, and reproducibility, comparable to standard typing methods. It proved as an effective tool for monitoring VREfm dissemination and early outbreak detection.

Genomic analyses of bacterial isolates are effective to compare the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes and virulence determinants in different contexts. This study provides a comprehensive genomic description of 339 Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from patients with bacteremia (2014-2022). Nosocomial acquisition accounted for 56.6% of cases, with vascular catheters being the main infection source (31.8%). Fatality (27.4%), persistent bacteremia (19.5%), and septic emboli (24.2%) were documented. During the COVID-19 pandemic, S. aureus bacteremia episodes increased by 140%. Genetic features in pandemic isolates revealed higher prevalence of methicillin ( mecA ) and macrolide ( msrA and mphC ) resistance genes. Additionally, genes encoding clumping factors A and B, involved in fibrinogen binding, were more prevalent. This was linked to extensive macrolide use in COVID-19 accessory therapy and elevated fibrinogen levels in SARS-CoV-2 infection. These findings highlight S. aureus adaptation to COVID-19 selective pressures and the value of whole-genome sequencing in molecular epidemiology studies., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2024 The Author(s).)

Rathke's cleft cysts (RCC) are a common type of lesion found in the sellar or suprasellar area. They are usually monitored clinically, but in some cases, surgery may be required. However, their natural progression is not yet well understood, and the outcomes of surgery are uncertain. The objective of this study is to evaluate the natural history of Rathke's cleft cysts in patients who are clinically monitored without treatment, and to determine the outcomes of surgery and the incidence of recurrences over time., Design and Patients: National multicentric study of patients diagnosed of Rathke's cleft cyst (RCC- Spain) from 2000 onwards and followed in 15 tertiary centers of Spain. A total of 177 patients diagnosed of RCC followed for 67.3 months (6-215) and 88 patients who underwent surgery, (81 patients underwent immediate surgery after diagnosis and 7 later for subsequent growth) followed for 68.8 months (3-235)., Results: The cyst size remained stable or decreased in 73.5% (133) of the patients. Only 44 patients (24.3%) experienced a cyst increase and 9 of them (5.1%) experienced an increase greater than 3 mm. In most of the patients who underwent surgery headaches and visual alterations improved, recurrence was observed in 8 (9.1%) after a median time of 96 months, and no predictors of recurrence were discovered., Conclusions: Rathke's cleft cysts without initial compressive symptoms have a low probability of growth, so conservative management is recommended. Patients who undergo transsphenoidal surgery experience rapid clinical improvement, and recurrences are infrequent. However, they can occur after a long period of time, although no predictors of recurrence have been identified., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Menéndez-Torre, Gutiérrez-Hurtado, Ollero, Irigaray, Martín, Parra, González-Molero, Araujo-Castro, Idrobo, Moure, Molina, Biagetti, Iglesias, Paja, Villar-Taibo, Pena, Vicente, Guerrero-Pérez, Cordido, Aulinas, Mateu and Soto.)