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Mononuclear Fe ions ligated by nitrogen (FeNx) dispersed on nitrogen-doped carbon (Fe-N-C) serve as active centers for electrocatalytic O2 reduction and thermocatalytic aerobic oxidations. Despite their promise as replacements for precious metals in a variety of practical applications, such as fuel cells, the discovery of new Fe-N-C catalysts has relied primarily on empirical approaches. In this context, the development of quantitative structure-reactivity relationships and benchmarking of catalysts prepared by different synthetic routes and by different laboratories would be facilitated by the broader adoption of methods to quantify atomically dispersed FeNx active centers. In this study, we develop a kinetic probe reaction method that uses the aerobic oxidation of a model hydroquinone substrate to quantify the density of FeNx centers in Fe-N-C catalysts. The kinetic method is compared with low-temperature Mössbauer spectroscopy, CO pulse chemisorption, and electrochemical reductive stripping of NO derived from NO2- on a suite of Fe-N-C catalysts prepared by diverse routes and featuring either the exclusive presence of Fe as FeNx sites or the coexistence of aggregated Fe species in addition to FeNx. The FeNx site densities derived from the kinetic method correlate well with those obtained from CO pulse chemisorption and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The broad survey of Fe-N-C materials also reveals the presence of outliers and challenges associated with each site quantification approach. The kinetic method developed here does not require pretreatments that may alter active-site distributions or specialized equipment beyond reaction vessels and standard analytical instrumentation.

Abstract Background Patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) display an altered oral, gastrointestinal, and intra-pancreatic microbiome compared to healthy individuals. However, knowledge regarding the bile microbiome and its potential impact on progression-free survival in PDACs remains limited. Methods Patients with PDAC (n = 45), including 20 matched pairs before and after surgery, and benign controls (n = 16) were included prospectively. The characteristics of the microbiomes of the total 81 bile were revealed by 16 S-rRNA gene sequencing. PDAC patients were divided into distinct groups based on tumor marker levels, disease staging, before and after surgery, as well as progression free survival (PFS) for further analysis. Disease diagnostic model was formulated utilizing the random forest algorithm. Results PDAC patients harbor a unique and diverse bile microbiome (PCoA, weighted Unifrac, p = 0.038), and the increasing microbial diversity is correlated with dysbiosis according to key microbes and microbial functions. Aliihoeflea emerged as the genus displaying the most significant alteration among two groups (p

The necessity for the development and enhancement of teacher commitment to satisfying students' learning needs in response to the COVID crisis is increasingly highlighted. It is not known, however, how to increase commitment in schoolteachers to boost online teaching in light of the fact that they, too, are struggling to cope with the rapid, unexpected change. A total of 601 teachers from primary and secondary schools across China participated in this study, with an average teaching experience of 15.9 years. Structural equation modelling was used to verify the significance of contextual, cognitive, affective and behavioural factors in boosting teachers' commitment to online teaching. The findings demonstrated that teacher agency played a complete mediating role in the predicting power of other factors to teacher commitment. Therefore, it was recommended that attention be paid to the practice and opportunities for teacher agentic actions, which necessitates real encounters with online teaching, allowing teachers to act meaningfully and initiate a new set of teaching strategies.

Objectives The economic implications of combining rezvilutamide with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) remain uncertain, despite the observed survival advantages compared with bicalutamide plus ADT. Therefore, this study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of rezvilutamide plus ADT as the first-line treatment of metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) from the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system.Design A partitioned survival model was developed to assess the cost-effectiveness of rezvilutamide combined with ADT. Clinical data were obtained from the CHART trial. Costs and utility values were obtained from local estimate and published literature. Only direct medical costs were included in the model.Interventions Rezvilutamide was administered at 240 mg daily or bicalutamide at 50 mg daily until progression.Outcome measures The main outputs of the model included costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), which were used to determine the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) were used to explore model uncertainties.Results The rezvilutamide group showed an expected gain of 2.28 QALYs and an incremental cost of US$60 758.82 compared with the bicalutamide group. The ICER for rezvilutamide group versus bicalutamide group was US$26 656.94 per QALY. The variables with the greatest impact on the model results were the utility for progression-free survival state and the price of rezvilutamide. PSA revealed that rezvilutamide group had 100% probability of being cost-effective at a willingness-to-pay threshold of US$35707.5 per QALY.Conclusion Rezvilutamide in combination with ADT is more cost-effective compared with bicalutamide plus ADT as the first-line treatment of mHSPC from the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system.

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers and the main causes of mortality around the world and Oxaliplatin is a first-line chemotherapy agent for treatment of CRC. However, the dense collagen network in tumors stroma significantly reduces the penetration and efficacy of Oxaliplatin. Therefore, research strategies to further sensitize CRC cells to Oxaliplatin are urgently needed. In this study, we showed that Semen Raphani exhibited a strong synergy with Oxaliplatin to inhibit CRC tumor growth by remodeling tumor stroma and depredate collagen. Further research found that ATG9A mediated autophagy is critical for the collagen degradation induced by Semen Raphani, this process may be mediated by the degradation of collagen transcription factor STAT3 by autophagy. Taken together, our study is the first to evaluate the synergy of Semen Raphani and Oxaliplatin in CRC and to assess new opportunities for remodeling stroma as a promising approach for future chemotherapy sensitization.

Student feedback is crucial for evaluating the performance of teachers and the quality of teaching. Free-form text comments obtained from open-ended questions are seldom analyzed comprehensively since it is difficult to interpret and score compared to standardized rating scales. To solve this problem, the present study employed aspect-level sentiment analysis using deep learning and dictionary-based approaches to automatically calculate the emotion orientation of text-based feedback. The results showed that the model using the topic dictionary as input and the attention mechanism had the strongest prediction effect in student review sentiment classification, with a precision rate of 80%, a recall rate of 79% and an F1 value of 79%. The findings identified issues that were not otherwise apparent from analyses of purely quantitative data, providing a deeper and more constructive understanding of curriculum and teaching performance.

Abstract Bystander‐killing payloads can significantly overcome the tumor heterogeneity issue and enhance the clinical potential of antibody‐drug conjugates (ADC), but the rational design and identification of effective bystander warheads constrain the broader implementation of this strategy. Here, graph attention networks (GAT) are constructed for a rational bystander killing scoring model and ADC construction workflow for the first time. To generate efficient bystander‐killing payloads, this model is utilized for score‐directed exatecan derivatives design. Among them, Ed9, the most potent payload with satisfactory permeability and bioactivity, is further used to construct ADC. Through linker optimization and conjugation, novel ADCs are constructed that perform excellent anti‐tumor efficacy and bystander‐killing effect in vivo and in vitro. The optimal conjugate T‐VEd9 exhibited therapeutic efficacy superior to DS‐8201 against heterogeneous tumors. These results demonstrate that the effective scoring approach can pave the way for the discovery of novel ADC with promising bystander payloads to combat tumor heterogeneity.

Greed, which is detrimental, is suggested to be a disposition developed at an early stage of life. Since parenting practices have profound impacts on youth development, the current study aimed to explore whether mindful parenting could prevent adolescents from being greedy and examine the mediating role of adolescent core self-evaluations. Study 1 (N = 272) used self-reported data from adolescents to test the hypotheses. Study 2 (N = 525) provided further evidence with multisource data from both adolescents and their primary caregivers (mainly mothers). The results indicated that both mindful parenting perceived by adolescents and mindful parenting reported by primary caregivers had significant impacts on adolescent dispositional greed, and the mediating effect of adolescent core self-evaluations was significant. Mindful parenting could inhibit adolescent greed partially by contributing positively to children's core self-evaluations. The theoretical and practical implications of the current study results as well as future research directions are discussed., Author(s): Zhenzhen Liu [sup.1] , Xiaomin Sun [sup.1] , Yarong Guo [sup.1] , Fang Luo [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.20513.35, 0000 0004 1789 9964, Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental [...]