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BackgroundFerroptosis, a newly proposed concept of programmed cell death, has garnered significant attention in research across different diseases in the last decade. Despite thorough citation analyses in neuroscience, there is a scarcity of information on ferroptosis research specifically related to neurodegenerative diseases.MethodThe Web of Science Core Collection database retrieved relevant articles and reviews. Data on publications, countries, institutions, authors, journals, citations, and keywords in the included studies were systematically analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2019 and CiteSpace 6.2.R7 software.ResultA comprehensive analysis and visualization of 563 research papers on ferroptosis in neurodegenerative diseases from 2014 to 2023 revealed emerging research hotspots and trends. The number of annual publications in this field of study has displayed a pattern of stabilization in the early years of the decade, followed by a notable increase in the later years and peaking in 2023 with 196 publications. Regarding publication volume and total citations, notable research contributions were observed from countries, institutions, and authors in North America, Western Europe, and China. Current research endeavors primarily focus on understanding the intervention mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases through the ferroptosis pathway and exploring and identifying potential therapeutic targets.ConclusionThe study highlights key areas of interest and emerging trends in ferroptosis research on neurodegenerative diseases, offering valuable insights for further exploration and potential directions for diagnosing and treating such conditions.

The inducible nitric oxide synthase/nitric oxide (iNOS/NO) signaling pathway and inflammatory cytokines play important roles in the pathogenesis of exercise-induced fatigue. Studies have found that Mongolian warm acupuncture (WA) could alleviate exercise-induced fatigue. However, the exact mechanisms underlying its effects remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effects of Mongolian WA on iNOS/NO signaling pathway and proinflammatory cytokines in a chronic exhaustive swimming-induced fatigue rat model. Animals were randomly divided into Control group, Ctrl + WA group, Model group, and Model + WA group. The body weight, exhaustive swimming time test, and Morris water maze test were performed before and after the chronic exhaustive swimming. The serum levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and iNOS were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and iNOS in the hippocampus were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Moreover, the protein expression of iNOS in the hippocampus was measured by western blot, and the NO productions in the serum and hippocampus were detected by Griess reaction system. Chronic exhaustive exercise significantly reduced the body weight and exhaustive swimming time, and induced impairment in learning and memory, and which were reversed by WA treatment. Chronic exhaustive exercise also increased the expressions of iNOS and proinflammatory cytokines, while WA treatment significantly decreased the level of iNOS and proinflammatory cytokines. However, chronic exhaustive exercise did not affect the NO production. These findings demonstrated that WA could alleviate the chronic exhaustive swimming-induced fatigue and improve the learning and memory ability, and the actions might be related to the reduction of inflammatory response and iNOS expression.

Accumulating data indicates that brain inflammation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of chronic exercise-induced fatigue. Moxibustion in traditional Chinese medicine has been found to alleviate exercise-induced fatigue. However, it remains unclear whether the effect of moxibustion is related to its anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, rats were exposed to 3-week exhaustive swimming to induce chronic exercise-induced fatigue. The body weight, exhaustive swimming time, tail suspension test and open-field test were observed. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to determine the mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β [IL-1β], interleukin-6 [IL-6], and tumor necrosis factor-α[TNF-α]), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α concentrations. Chronic exhaustive exercise significantly reduced the body weight and exhaustive swimming time, and increased tail suspension immobility time, which were reversed by moxibustion treatment. Compared with control rats, the mRNA and protein expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the hippocampus was significantly increased in exhaustive swimming trained rats. Moxibustion significantly decreased the level of IL-6 in the hippocampus, but not affected IL-1β and TNF-α level significantly. Our results suggested that a potential inflammatory damage in the brain may be involved during chronic exhaustive exercise-induced fatigue. Moxibustion could attenuate the inflammatory impairment in exercise-induced fatigue, which might be mediated by inhibition of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 levels in the brain region.

The inhibitory activities of microalgal extracts against the expression of three EBV antigens, latent membrane protein (LMP)1, Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen (EBNA)1 and Z Epstein-Barr reactivation activator (ZEBRA) were assessed by immunocytochemistry. The observation that the methanol extracts and their fractions from Ankistrodesmus convolutus, Synechococcus elongatus and Spirulina platensis exhibited inhibitory activity against EBV proteins in three Burkitt’s lymphoma cell lines at concentrations as low as 20 μg/ml suggests that microalgae could be a potential source of antiviral compounds against EBV.

For the safety of meeting vehicles at night, a design scheme of vehicle lighting recognition system for 5G vehicular communication networks is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a camera is used for image acquisition, and then the acquired RGB image is converted to a hue-saturation-lightness (HSL) image in Dedicated cloud. Secondly, a 3×3 convolution kemel is constructed, and the threshold of this HSL is used to create a mask. In which we traverse the original image data and perform uitwise operations on the original image, as well as mask by using the Urightest point as the center of calculation. Lastly, the effective area of the image is divided according to the farthest point of the lane line extension, which can shield the sky and street lights. In addition, all of interference points are excluded according to the symmetry of the headlights shape, the number of false detection is reduced effectively. So, the highlight areas can be marked to indicate the lights from the front vehicles. The results of the analysis are issued to the driving assistant system. The experimental results show that the system can identify the front vehicle lighting with an accuracy of 96.8%. With the help of the identified lighting position, the matrix lamp is set to realize the dynamic management of the beam, and it can be applied to traffic at night for preventing traffic accidents.

Fresh-cut fruits are often more perishable and exhibit browning shortly after pulp is cut and exposed to natural atmosphere. In this study, fresh-cut peaches were treated with distilled water (control), 20 g L-1 soy protein isolate (SPI), 10 g L-1 calcium chloride (CaCl2) or 20 g L-1 soy protein isolate+10 g L-1 calcium chloride (20 g L-1 SPI+1.0 g L-1 CaCl2), respectively, and then stored at 0°C to assess the protective effects of these treatments on the qualities and the antioxidative system of fresh-cut peaches. The result showed that firmness, colour (∆E* ) and soluble solid content (SSC) in fresh-cut peaches treated with 20 g L-1 SPI+10 g L-1 CaCl2 were higher than control. Compared with other treatments, treatment with 20 g L-1 SPI+10 g L-1 CaCl2 significantly decreased weight loss rate, bacterial growth, respiratory rate and ethylene emission of fresh-cut peaches. Treatment with 20 g L-1 SPI+10 g L-1 CaCl2 also inhibited increase in browning degree, production of reactive oxygen species, malonaldehyde and total phenols, and maintained higher activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, whereas inhibited the activities of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase. These results suggest that treatment with 20 g L-1 SPI+10 g L-1 CaCl2 enhanced antioxidant activities of fresh-cut peaches, inhibited browning, and was more effective in maintaining the quality of fresh-cut peaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

B Background b Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) plays a key role in the development of allergic inflammation. Based on the demonstration that TSLP is the linking factor between the environmental stimuli and the type of immune response, it is hypothesized herein that the expression of equine TSLP is upregulated in primary equine keratinocytes by Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands (TLR-L). Finally, it was investigated whether allergic inflammation cytokine milieu (IL-4 and TNF- ) induces TSLP expression in keratinocytes from nonallergic horses and acts synergistically with TLR-1/2 and TLR-3-induced TSLP expression. These synergistic effects of the atopic cytokine milieu and TLR-L on TSLP expression also have been described in human: TLR-L Poly (I:C), FSL-1 and flagellin-induced TSLP expression, and, additionally, when combined with allergic inflammation cytokine milieu, these TLR-L synergistically further upregulate TSLP expression. [Extracted from the article]

Objectives: To investigate the cardioprotective effect of dexmedetomidine(DEX) on elderly patients with cervical cancer in the Trendelenburg position (TP). Methods: Eighty patients with cervical cancer presenting with laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (or with laparoscopic pelvic lymphadenectomy) were randomly assigned to the control group (Group C) or the DEX group (Group D), with a total of 40 patients per group. Patients in Group D were given dexmedetomidine, whereas normal saline was administered as placebo in Group C. The data collected for this study included general information (age, body mass index [BMI], anesthesia time, operation time, extubation time and hospital stay), hemodynamic parameters (Heart rate [HR] and mean arterial pressure [MAP]), concentrations of markers of myocardial injury (cardiac troponin I [cTnI], creatine kinase MB [CK-MB]) and inflammatory factors (Tumor necrosis factor α [TNF-α], interleukin 6 [IL-6], and C-reactive protein [CRP]) before entering the operating room (T0), 6 h after the surgery(T9) and 24 h after the surgery (T10). Results: Compared to T0, cTnI, CK-MB, TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP were significantly higher at T9 and T10, while cTnI, CK-MB, IL-6 and CRP were significantly lower in group D than those of group C at T9 and T10. Whilst there was no significant difference in TNF-α between the two groups at T9 (P = 0.821), TNF-α concentrations were significantly lower in group D compared to group C at T10 (P = 0.022). Extubation time (P = 0.009) and hospital stay (P = 0.014) were significantly lower in group D, than in group C. There was no significant difference in the adverse reactions between the two groups (P = 0.263). Conclusions: In elderly patients with cervical cancer, TP may cause perioperative myocardial damage. DEX could mitigate the damaging effects and show good hemodynamic stability, which is conducive to rapid postoperative resuscitation, and anti-inflammatory mechanism may play an important role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study explores the effects of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEI) or Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARB) on the incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients., Methods: Literatures were searched in PubMed, Embase, Medline, CENTRAL, and CNKI databases. These literatures included a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of ACEI and ARB among patients with DN. The endpoint event included the occurrence of ERSD. Risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to represent the combined effect size. A fixed-effect model was used to analyze if heterogeneity did not exist between literatures. If heterogeneity exists between literatures, a random-effect model was used to analyze. The source of heterogeneity was explored by subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis., Results: A total of 11 literatures were included in the study. The RR of ESRD was 0.79 (95% CI (0.79, 0.90), Z = 3.58, P = 0.0003) in the patients treated with RAS blockers compared with placebo, and there was no heterogeneity between studies (Chi 2 = 5.09, P = 0.88, I 2 = 0%). The funnel plot showed that the scatter point was biased to the left with publication bias. The RR of ESRD was 0.63 (95% CI (0.41, 0.95), Z = 2.18, P = 0.03) in the patients treated with ACEI compared with placebo. There was no heterogeneity between studies (Chi 2 = 2.23, P = 0.95, I 2 = 0%). Compared with placebo, RR of ESRD among patients with ARB intervention was 0.81 (95% CI (0.71, 0.93), Z = 3.00, P = 0.003). There was no heterogeneity between studies (Chi 2 = 1.49, P = 0.48, I 2 = 0%)., Conclusion: ACEI and ARB can reduce the risk of ESRD among diabetic nephropathy patients., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare., (Copyright © 2022 Xiaojuan Deng et al.)

Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, endemic mainly in tropical and subtropical areas. Its clinical manifestation is broad ranging from a localized skin lesion to a life-threatening systemic disease. Osteomyelitis and septic arthritis caused by B. pseudomallei are a rare, fatal illness, whose clinical features have not been illustrated in mainland China. Over 10 years (2010 to 2019), of 334 culture-confirmed melioidosis in Hainan province, China, 44 patients (13.2%) were confirmed to have osteomyelitis and septic arthritis through the combination of clinical features, imaging examination and microbiological culture. Herein, we summarized these 44 patients' clinical manifestations, demographical features, antibiotic treatment, and outcomes. Of them, osteomyelitis and septic arthritis accounted for 25 (56.8%) and 15 (34.1%), respectively, and 4 patients (9.1%) had both. The gender ratio of male/female was approximately 13.7:1; diabetes mellitus was the most common risk factor (38/44, 86.4%); imipenem and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were the most frequently used antibiotics. Most B. pseudomallei strains were isolated from blood samples (41/44, 93.2%). After surgical handling, antibiotic treatment, or both, 9 patients died, with a mortality rate of 20.5%. In summary, in melioidosis endemic areas, for patients with both localized manifestations of joint and bone and a positive B. pseudomallei blood culture, increased awareness is required for melioidotic osteomyelitis and septic arthritis., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Wu, Wang, Zhou, Chen, Mai, Huang, You, Zhang, Zhang and Lu.)

Background: Although rare, infection in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) significantly increases mortality. Therefore, it is important to identify patients at high risk of infection. We aimed to validate the value of the Canada Acute Coronary Syndrome (C-ACS) risk score for predicting infection in such patients., Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study. Consecutive patients with STEMI undergoing PCI at our hospital from January 2010 to June 2016 were enrolled . C-ACS risk score was calculated based on the following clinical parameters (1 point for each): age ≥ 75 years, Killip class >1, systolic blood pressure <100 mmHg, and heart rate > 100 beats/min. The primary outcome was development of post-acute myocardial infarction (P-AMI) infection., Results: A total of 2198 patients were enrolled, of whom 424 (18.5%) developed infection. The incidence of infection, in-hospital mortality, and major adverse clinical events (MACE) were significantly higher in those with a C-ACS risk score ≥2. After adjusting for potential risk factors, C-ACS risk score remained a significant predictor of P-AMI infection (odds ratio [OR] = 2.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.92-2.67, p < 0.001), in-hospital mortality, and MACE. Receiver operating characteristic curves demonstrated the C-ACS risk score had good predictive value for P-AMI infection (area under the curve = 0.783, 95% CI = 0.759-0.806, P < 0.001), in-hospital mortality and MACE., Conclusions: The C-ACS risk score was a good predictor of P-AMI infection, and other clinical outcomes., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest None., (Copyright © 2019 European Federation of Internal Medicine. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)