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Catfish bone collagen peptide-calcium (F3-Ca) chelatate, which had been prepared in our laboratory, was evaluated for its effect on calcium transport and absorption using a Caco-2 cell model. Its effect on the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of osteoblast hFoB1.19 and the expression of the key genes and proteins involved in osteoblast differentiation was also investigated. The results indicated that the chelate increased calcium transport in Caco-2 cells to 0.31 mg/mL, and promoted the mineralization of osteoblasts. The chelate at a concentration of 100 μg/mL increased the ALP activity of osteoblasts by 53.68% compared with the control group. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and protein immunoblot analysis showed that F3-Ca chelate increased the gene and protein expression levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG), osteocalcin (OCN) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) in osteoblasts, reduced those of receptor activator for nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), and increase the ratio of OPG/RANKL, thus activating the OPG/RANKL/receptor activator for nuclear factor-κb (RANK) signaling pathway, promoting the proliferation, differentiation and mineralization of osteoblasts, and ultimately resulting in enhanced calcium absorption and anti-osteoporosis activity. This study provides a scientific basis for the high-value utilization of catfish bone and the development of new calcium supplements.

The low tensile strength of ethylene/[alpha]-octene co-polymer (POE) limits its application as high-strength materials. In this study, 3-amino-l,2,4-triazole (ATA) was grafted onto maleic anhydride functionalized POE (PM) by melt reaction to obtain side chains capable of forming hydrogen bonding and metal coordination bonding, and then ferric chloride hexahydrate and POE are blended with them to obtain composite materials with high strength and fracture energy. The introduction of iron-based coordination bonding and hydrogen bonding double dynamic crosslinking network endow thermoplastic elastomers with excellent mechanical strength and high toughness. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, rheological tests, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal the existence of non-covalent crosslinking networks. Based on the strengthening and toughening of non-covalent dynamic crosslinking network, the tensile strength of the modified POE elastomer composites achieves 12.5 MPa along with the elongation at break of 3540%. In addition, the modified POE elastomer composites exhibit improved melt elasticity and thermal stability. KEYWORDS ethylene/[alpha]-octene co-polymer, modification, strengthening, thermoplastic elastomer, 1 | INTRODUCTION Thermoplastic elastomer is a new material that can be plasticized at high temperature and show rubber elasticity at room temperature. It has been widely used in medical [...]

It remains enormous challenges to balance the conflict between high strength and toughness mechanical properties and excellent room‐temperature self‐healing abilities of polyurethane elastomers. In this work, we report a recyclable room‐temperature self‐healing polyurethane elastomer with excellent mechanical properties. The prepared polyurethane elastomer (PU‐DA‐Zn0.50) exhibits high tensile strength of 15.33 MPa, high toughness of 76.77 MJ m−3, and high elongation at break of 1604.46% by introducing isophorone diamine (IPDA), 1‐(3‐aminopropyl) imidazole (IMZ) and zinc ions into polymer system to form a dynamic double‐cross‐linked structure (hydrogen bonds and Zn2+‐imidazole coordination bonds). In addition, the tensile strength of fractured polyurethane can reach more than 80% of the original sample after 48 h of self‐healing at room temperature without external stimuli, which is attributed to the kinetics of rapid exchange of Zn2+‐imidazole coordination bonds at room temperature. It is worth noting that the balance between excellent mechanical properties and outstanding room‐temperature self‐healing ability can be optimized by adjusting the Zn2+‐imidazole coordination bond density in the system. Moreover, the dynamic nature of the double‐cross‐linking network endows polyurethane with favorable recyclability. The above remarkable comprehensive performances reveal a great potential of PU‐DA‐Znx elastomer in the fields of wearable flexible electronic devices such as bionic skin, human motion monitoring, and soft robots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aimLaparoscopic treatment of ectopic pregnancy mainly includes laparoscopic salpingotomy and salpingectomy. We aimed to assess the therapeutic effect of laparoscopic salpingotomy and salpingectomy on patients with tubal pregnancy.MethodsFrom January 2000 through June 2022, the Cochrane Library, Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Chinese Biomedicine Database were searched for studies that compared the therapeutic effect of laparoscopic salpingotomy vs. salpingectomy in the treatment of tubal pregnancy.ResultsTwenty-four randomized clinical trials (RCTs) studies were incorporated into this analysis. No statistical differences were found between the two groups in terms of operation duration and postoperative hospitalize length, but the volume of intraoperative blood loss in patients with laparoscopic salpingotomy was less than that in salpingectomy. Importantly, the natural intrauterine pregnancy rate after laparoscopic salpingotomy was significantly higher than those who underwent salpingectomy. In addition, laparoscopic salpingotomy can better protect the ovarian reserve function and endocrine function and provide favorable conditions for the second pregnancy.ConclusionPatients with ectopic tubal pregnancy should give priority to laparoscopic salpingotomy for embryo extraction.

Physical unclonable function (PUF) is attractive in modern encryption technologies. Addressing the disadvantage of slow data storage/authentication in optical PUF is paramount for practical applications but remains an on‐going challenge. Here, a highly efficient PUF strategy based on random structural color domains (SCDs) of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) is proposed for the first time, combing with hyperspectral imaging system (HIS) for ultrafast storage and authentication. By controlling the growth and fusion behavior of the tactoids of CNC, the SCDs display an irregular and random distribution of colors, shapes, sizes, and reflectance spectra, which grant unique and inherent fingerprint‐like characteristics that are non‐duplicated. Based on images and spectra, these fingerprint features are used to develop two sets of PUF key generation methods, which can be respectively authenticated at the user‐end and the manufacturer‐front‐end that achieving a high coding capacity of at least 22304. Notably, the use of HIS greatly shortens the time of key reading and generation (≈5 s for recording, 0.5–0.7 s for authentication). This new optical PUF labels can not only solve slow data storage and complicated authentication in optical PUF, but also impulse the development of CNC in industrial applications by reducing color uniformity requirement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acrylate had developed rapidly because of its excellent chemical resistance, high‐gloss surface, and weather resistance. However, the poor heat resistance of acrylate limited its application in coatings. To overcome this problem, an organic–inorganic hybrid polymer of zirconium silicone resin (ZSR)‐modified acrylate has been successfully synthesized by solution polymerization. The results indicated that the heat resistance of acrylate was significantly improved due to the SiOSi and SiOZr structures of ZSR and the increased cross‐linking density induced by ZSR. After the incorporation of ZSR, the decomposition temperatures of 5% of acrylate increased from 300.4 and 349.2°C. The performance of the ZSR/(P(MMA/BA)) showed no significant change in uniformly heating at 200°C for 24 h. The composite films showed hydrophobicity, with the contact angles increasing to more than 90°. The S4 sample displayed the outstanding comprehensive performance, that is, 5% weight loss at 341.3°C, water contact angle of 97.9°, elongation at break of 852%, and tensile strength of 9.9 MPa. The high‐performance heat resistant coating is a promising material for application in architecture, decoration, and mechanical equipment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe complication that can lead to fatalities in multiple trauma patients. Nevertheless, the incidence rate and early prediction of ARDS among multiple trauma patients residing in high-altitude areas remain unknown. Methods: This study included a total of 168 multiple trauma patients who received treatment at Shigatse People's Hospital Intensive Care Unit (ICU) between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2021. The clinical characteristics of the patients and the incidence rate of ARDS were assessed. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were employed to identify potential risk factors for ARDS, and the predictive effects of these risk factors were analyzed. Results: In the high-altitude area, the incidence of ARDS among multiple trauma patients was 37.5% (63/168), with a hospital mortality rate of 16.1% (27/168). Injury Severity Score (ISS) and thoracic injuries were identified as significant predictors for ARDS using the logistic regression model, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.75 and 0.75, respectively. Furthermore, a novel predictive risk score combining ISS and thoracic injuries demonstrated improved predictive ability, achieving an AUC of 0.82. Conclusions: This study presents the incidence of ARDS in multiple trauma patients residing in the Tibetan region, and identifies two critical predictive factors along with a risk score for early prediction of ARDS. These findings have the potential to enhance clinicians' ability to accurately assess the risk of ARDS and proactively prevent its onset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared to the southern Tibetan Plateau, the northern part has been regarded as relatively lacking geothermal resources. However, there is no lack of natural hot springs exposed in beads along large-scale fracture systems, and research on them is currently limited to individual hot springs or geothermal systems. This paper focuses on the Wahongshan-Wenquan Fracture Zone (WWFZ), analyzes the formation of five hydrothermal activity zones along the fracture zone in terms of differences in hot water hydrochemical and isotopic composition, and then explores the hot springs' hydrothermal control in the fracture zone. The results show that the main fractures of the WWFZ are the regional heat control structures, and its near-north–south- and near-east–west-oriented fractures form a fracture system that provides favorable channels for deep hydrothermal convection. Ice and snow meltwater from the Elashan Mountains, with an average elevation of more than 4,500 m above sea level, infiltrates along the fractures, and is heated by deep circulation to form deep geothermal reservoirs. There is no detectable mantle contribution source heat to the hot spring gases, and the heat source is mainly natural heat conduction warming, but the "low-velocity body (LVB)" in the middle and lower crust may be the primary heat source of the high geothermal background in the area. The hot springs' hydrochemical components show a certain regularity, and the main ionic components, TDS, and water temperature tend to increase away from the main rupture, reflecting the WWFZ controlling effect on hydrothermal transport. In the future, the geothermal research in this area should focus on the hydrothermal control properties of different levels, the nature of fractures, and the thermal contribution of the LVB in the middle and lower crust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the irresistible inherent trade‐off between the mechanical and self‐healing performances of cross‐linked polyurethane materials, there is still an intractable challenge to design efficient self‐healing and tough elastomers, especially in flexible sensors. Herein, a tough, efficient self‐healing, and recyclable cross‐linked polyurethane elastomer (DTPU) was prepared by integrating oxime‐carbamate bonds and thiourethane bonds into the network. The extraordinary mechanical properties and self‐healing performances of DTPU elastomers were related to the synergistic effect of oxime‐carbamate bonds in the main chain and thiourethane bonds in the chemical cross‐linked sites. The existence of dynamic cross‐linked points not only optimized the mechanical properties of DTPU but also provided support for the reversible cleavage and formation of oxime carbamate bond, thus endowing DTPU with efficient self‐healing performance and recyclability. After self‐healing at mild temperatures for 6 h, the self‐healed DTPU elastomers had a tensile strength of 30.27 MPa and a self‐healing efficiency of 95.5%. After multiple hot‐pressing, the original mechanical strength of DTPU was restored to over 100%, exhibiting excellent recyclable characteristics. Additionally, strain sensors based on self‐healing flexible elastomers were fabricated by introducing conductive carbon nanotubes. The strain sensors maintained their electrical conductivity after 3 times self‐healing, demonstrating great potential in healable flexible electronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]