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En el rendimiento académico dentro de la universidad influyen muchos factores, los que se manifiestan principalmente en el primer año de la carrera. Sin embargo, los factores influyentes y los resultados que se han presentado en estudios previos no son iguales en diferentes universidades. Este trabajo presenta una aproximación para identificar un grupo de factores o variables que puede incidir en que los estudiantes que ingresan en la carrera de Ciencias de la Computación en la universidad Agostinho Neto, de Angola, puedan tener éxito en dos materias de contenidos esenciales dentro de la carrera: Lógica de Programación y Programación Imperativa. Se analizan desde el punto de vista psicopedagógico y social, las razones que explican la selección de esas variables y se contrasta con un análisis correlacional para estimar la posible asociación entre cada variable independiente y la variable criterio. La información empleada corresponde a tres cursos (unos 800 alumnos). Los resultados de aplicar el estadístico Chi-cuadrado a tablas de contingencia sugieren un grupo de aspectos que más influyen en tener éxito en las asignaturas Lógica de Programación y Programación Imperativa.

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In this paper is shown the application of neural networks in order to predict academic marks that will be obtained for the students in the subjects of Data Structures I and II, included both in the Informatics Engineering curricula at Higher Polytechnic Institute José Antonio Echeverría in the Republic of Cuba. The main motivation for the present work is justified because selected subjects have a high level of complexity, demanding from the student to be rigorous and a permanent dedication. As a consequence the academic results obtained at the present time are not satisfactory. To reach the goal mentioned above a software based on MATLAB tool was developed and the marks obtained previously by students in some subjects and others data of interest were used. Two neural networks were employed, both with the same architecture, but each one trained with the specific data of each subject (Data Structures I and II). A group of experiments was carried out to contrast the behavior of the neural networks regarding some specific statistics in the data of the sample. An overall effectiveness in prediction superior to 78% for the case of the first subject was achieved, while for the second one effectiveness superior to 75% was reached. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article aims to present the management competencies within two service-oriented entities, but organized by different forms of management. The following methods were used: used as methods: documentary analysis, interviews, Delphi by rounds, questionnaire, allowing an initial diagnosis of the aforementioned approach and the determination of the competency system. The enterprise ARQDECONS management has achieved to assess its staff and to design an appropriate training process, taking into account the observed development of their competencies. At Centro Nacional Coordinador de Ensayos Clínicos (CENCEC) organization, the organizational competencies were updated along with their conceptualizations, prior to redesign the rest of the system. The most relevant results include the use of the competency approach in two entities from different sectors. Both experiences are useful as a reference to achieve greater intentionality and efficiency in the training and performance evaluation processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]