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Objective To investigate and compare the efficacy of neuroendoscopic surgery and craniotomy for spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods A total of 65 patients with spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage who were admitted in Dongguan People's Hospital in Guangdong, received neuroendoscopic hematoma evacuation (n = 19) or craniotomy hematoma evacuation (n = 46) from December 2019 to December 2020. The hematoma clearance rate, rebleeding rate, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, postoperative tracheotomy rate and 30 d postoperative mortality were recorded. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) 7 d after surgery was used to evaluated the conscious, and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 3 months after surgery was used to assess the neurological functional prognosis. Results The hematoma clearance rate (t = 2.393, P = 0.020) and GCS score 7 d after surgery (t = 3.445, P = 0.001) in the neuroendoscopy group were higher than those in the craniotomy group, while the operation time (t = ⁃ 13.318, P = 0.000), intraoperative blood loss (t = ⁃ 7.823, P = 0.000), postoperative ICU length of stay (t = ⁃ 4.183, P = 0.000), postoperative tracheotomy rate (χ2 = 5.277, P = 0.022), and mRS score 3 months after surgery (t = ⁃ 2.493, P = 0.015) were lower than those in craniotomy group. Conclusions Neuroendoscopic surgery offers a higher hematoma clearance rate, less intraoperative blood loss, a shorter operation time and postoperative ICU length of stay, a lower postoperative tracheotomy rate, and improved postoperative conscious and neurological function prognosis, making it appropriate for clinical use.

Abstract Background This study was performed to investigate the effect of microRNA-203 (miR-203) and ΔNp63 on cell proliferation and the functional connection between miR-203 and ΔNp63 in ESCC. Methods We employed 2 human ESCC cell lines, Eca109 and TE-1, as the model system. The effect of miR-203 and ΔNp63 on cell proliferation was determined in cells transfected with miR-203 mimic and ΔNp63 small interfering RNA (siRNA), respectively. The regulation of ΔNp63 expression in ESCC cells by miR-203 was studied by luciferase reporter assay, RT-PCR and western blot analysis in cells transfected with miR-203. The effect of ΔNp63 re-expression on miR-203 induced inhibition of cell proliferation was studied by cell proliferation assay in cells cotransfected with miR-203 and pcDNA-ΔNp63 plasmid (without the 3'-UTR of ΔNp63). Results We found that both miR-203 and ΔNp63 siRNA signicantly inhibited cell proliferation in ESCC. MiR-203 could down-regulate endogenous ΔNp63 expression at the posttranscriptional level. Moreover, re-expression of ΔNp63 in cells transfected with miR-203 significantly attenuated the miR-203 induced inhibition of cell proliferation. Conclusions Our data implied that miR-203 could inhibit cell proliferation in human ESCC through ΔNp63-mediated signal pathway. Therefore, we propose that miR-203 might be used as a therapeutic agent for human ESCC.

Abstract Background p75NTR has been used to isolate esophageal and corneal epithelial stem cells. In the present study, we investigated the expression of p75NTR in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and explored the biological properties of p75NTR+ cells. Methods p75NTR expression in ESCC was assessed by immunohistochemistry. p75NTR+ and p75NTR- cells of 4 ESCC cell lines were separated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Differentially expressed genes between p75NTR+ and p75NTR- cells were determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. Sphere formation assay, DDP sensitivity assay, 64copper accumulation assay and tumorigenicity analysis were performed to determine the capacity of self-renewal, chemotherapy resistance and tumorigenicity of p75NTR+ cells. Results In ESCC specimens, p75NTR was found mainly confined to immature cells and absent in cells undergoing terminal differentiation. The percentage of p75NTR+ cells was 1.6%–3.7% in Eca109 and 3 newly established ESCC cell lines. The expression of Bmi-1, which is associated with self-renewal of stem cells, was significantly higher in p75NTR+ cells. p63, a marker identified in keratinocyte stem cells, was confined mainly to p75NTR+ cells. The expression of CTR1, which is associated with cisplatin (DDP)-resistance, was significantly decreased in p75NTR+ cells. Expression levels of differentiation markers, such as involucrin, cytokeratin 13, β1-integrin and β4-integrin, were lower in p75NTR+ cells. In addition, p75NTR+ cells generated both p75NTR+ and p75NTR- cells, and formed nonadherent spherical clusters in serum-free medium supplemented with growth factors. Furthermore, p75NTR+ cells were found to be more resistant to DDP and exhibited lower 64copper accumulation than p75NTR- cells. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that p75NTR+ cells possess some characteristics of CSCs, namely, self-renewal and chemotherapy resistance. Chemotherapy resistance of p75NTR+ cells may probably be attributable to decreased expression of CTR1.

Summary: There is an urgent need for an oral, efficient and safe regimen for high‐risk APL under the pandemic of COVID‐19. We retrospectively analysed 60 high‐risk APL patients. For induction therapy (IT), in addition to all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and oral arsenic (RIF), 22 patients received oral etoposide (VP16) as cytotoxic chemotherapy (CC), and 38 patients received intravenous CC as historical control group. The median dose of oral VP16 was 1000 mg [interquartile rage (IQR), 650–1250]. One patient died during IT in the control group, 59 evaluable patients (100%) achieved complete haematological remission (CHR) after IT and complete molecular remission (CMR) after consolidation therapy. The median time to CHR and CMR was 36 days (33.8–44) versus 35 days (32–42; p = 0.75) and 3 months (0.8–3.5) versus 3.3 months (2.4–3.7; p = 0.58) in the oral VP16 group and in the control group. Two (9.1%) and 3 (7.9%) patients experienced molecular relapse in different group respectively. The 2‐year estimated overall survival and event‐free survival were 100% versus 94.7% (p = 0.37) and 90.9% versus 89.5% (p = 0.97) respectively. A completely oral, efficient and safe induction regimen including oral VP16 as cytoreductive chemotherapy combined with ATRA and RIF is more convenient to administer for patients with high‐risk APL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coordination polymers (CPs) with a d10-configuration containing metal cations offer interesting photoluminescent properties and hence can be employed as sensors to detect various classes of analytes. Moreover, due to their tuneable pore size they can be employed as adsorbents for various species. Herein, a new d10-configuration Cd(II)-based CP with composition {[Cd(bip)4(H2O)2]n·2NO3} (1) (bip = 3,5-bis(1-imidazol)pyridine) has been synthesized and characterized. Single-crystal X-ray analysis reveals that the Cd(II) center adopts octahedral geometry that is satisfied by four N atoms from the four bip linkers and two aqua ligands, and the resultant CP displays sql topology with the point symbol of (44·62). The CP offers prospective application as a photoluminescent sensor for dichromate anions with a limit of detection of 1.28 ppm and a Stern–Volmer constant (KSV) of 1.51 × 105. Furthermore, CP 1 was employed as an efficient adsorbent for dichromate ions, reaching an equilibrium adsorption capacity of 389.82 mg g−1 within 80 min. The effects of temperature, pH and concentration of dichromate were further investigated, which revealed that CP 1 displays the best adsorption at 30 °C and pH 4 with a dichromate concentration of 200 mg L−1. The possible adsorption mechanism has been proposed with the aid of Hirshfeld surface analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: We analyzed the effect of dexmedetomidine (DEX) as a local anesthetic adjuvant on postoperative delirium (POD) in elderly patients undergoing elective hip surgery. Methods: In this study, 120 patients undergoing hip surgery were enrolled and randomly assigned to two groups: fascia iliaca compartment block with DEX + ropivacaine (the Y group, n = 60) and fascia iliaca compartment block with ropivacaine (the R group, n = 60). The primary outcomes: presence of delirium during the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) period and on the first day (D1), the second day (D2), and the third day (D3) after surgery. The secondary outcomes: preoperative and postoperative C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), occurrence of insomnia on the preoperative day, day of operation, D1 and D2; HR values of patients in both groups before iliac fascia block (T1), 30 min after iliac fascia block (T2), at surgical incision (T3), 20 min after incision (T4), when they were transferred out of the operating room (T5) and after leaving the recovery room (T6) at each time point; VAS for T1, PACU, D1, D2; the number of patients requiring remedial analgesics within 24 h after blockade and related complications between the two groups. Results: A total of 97 patients were included in the final analysis, with 11 and 12 patients withdrawing from the R and Y groups, respectively. The overall incidence of POD and its incidence in the PACU and ward were all lesser in the Y group than in the R group (p <0.05). Additionally, fewer cases required remedial analgesia during the PACU period, and more vasoactive drugs were used for maintaining circulatory system stability in the Y group as compared to the R group (p <0.05). At the same time, the incidence of intraoperative and postoperative bradycardia in the Y group was higher than that in the R group, accompanied by lower postoperative CRP and ESR (all p <0.05). Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided high fascia iliaca compartment block with a combination of ropivacaine and DEX can reduce the incidence of POD, the use of intraoperative opioids and postoperative remedial analgesics, and postoperative inflammation in elderly patients who have undergone hip surgery, indicating that this method could be beneficial in the prevention and treatment of POD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]