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We describe herein the synthesis, molecular docking, protein–ligand interactions and biological validation of 1,2,3-triazolyl-carboxamides containing sulfonamide moieties as anti-inflammatory agents through the inhibition of myeloid hemoprotein myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. The named compounds were synthesized in good yields under mild conditions, by a [3+2]-cycloaddition reaction of sulfamoyl-β-oxo-amides and aryl azides in the presence of a catalytic amount of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU). Given the higher affinity of some of the synthesized compounds with MPO, their inhibitory activity was evaluated on the plasma of mice as previously reported with a lipopolysaccharide. The obtained results suggest that the sulfamoyl-1,2,3-triazolyl-carboxamides are interesting and promising candidates for further studies on their anti-inflammatory potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rationale: Obesity is considered one of the major global health problems and increases the risk of several medical complications, such as diabetes and mental illnesses. Objective: The present study investigated the effect of 7-chloro-4-(phenylselanyl) quinoline (4-PSQ) on obesity parameters, behavioral and neurochemical alterations in hypothalamic obese rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats received subcutaneous neonatal injections of monosodium glutamate (MSG, 4g/kg) or saline. After the Lee Index evaluation, rats were divided into groups and treated with 4-PSQ (5 mg/kg, intragastric route) or canola oil once a day (post-natal days (PND) 60→76). Open-field, elevated plus-maze, forced swim task, object recognition/location memory, and stepdown inhibitory avoidance tasks were conducted from PND 66 to 74. On PND 76, rats were euthanized and epididymal fat, blood, cerebral cortex, andhippocampus were removed. Blood biochemical parameters and cortical/hippocampal acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Na /K -ATPase activities were assessed. Results: MSG increased the Lee Index characterizing the chemically induced hypothalamic obesity model. 4-PSQ reversed the increases of epididymal fat, blood glucose, and triglyceride levels caused by MSG exposure. 4-PSQ attenuated anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors induced by neonatal administrations of MSG. Memory deficits found in MSG-obese rats were reversed by treatment with 4-PSQ. Neurochemical alterations produced by MSG evidenced by stimulation ofNa+/K+-ATPase and AChE activities in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rats were normalized by 4-PSQ treatment. Conclusions: In brief, 4-PSQ therapy improved hypothalamic obesity-related parameters, as well as psychiatric symptoms, cognitive impairment, and neurochemical alterations found in obese rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four new hybrid molecules containing benzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole, benzofuran and arylselanyl moieties, named 4,7-bis(3-(arylselanyl)benzofuran-2-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazoles, were designed and synthesized in good yields through an electrophilic cyclization of 4,7-bis((2-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole 1 and diaryl diselenides 2 using trichloroisocyanuric acid to generate electrophilic arylselanyl species. The photophysical properties of compounds 3a–d were investigated using UV-vis absorption and emission fluorescence analysis. The emission fluorescence analysis showed a yellow-orange region emission. Large Stokes shift values were observed for all new derivatives and attributed to the ICT state and to the electron-substituent properties. The biomolecule-binding DNA and HSA-binding interactions were also investigated by experimental and theoretical methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Double Heck cross‐coupling reactions for the synthesis of 4,7‐bis‐arylvinyl‐benzo‐2,1,3‐chalcogenodiazole derivatives starting from 4,7‐dibromobenzo[c][1,2,5]chalcogenodiazoles and functionalized styrenes are described. Compounds were obtained in moderate to excellent yields by using 10 mol‐% of Pd(OAc)2 as a catalyst and the reaction scope involved symmetrical and unsymmetrical benzo‐2,1,3‐chalcogenodiazoles. The prepared compounds were investigated regarding their photophysical properties in solution as well as their electrochemical behavior. The findings were corroborated using TD‐DFT calculations. In general, 4,7‐bis‐arylvinyl‐benzo‐2,1,3‐chalcogenodiazoles present strong absorption bands at the UV/Vis region and red emission depending on the substituents. In all derivatives, the HOMO‐LUMO transitions have no significant dependence on the type of chalcogen atom. The oxidation process attributed to the chalcogen atom was observed using electrochemical analysis (CV and DPV techniques). Spectroscopic studies and molecular docking calculations evinced the ability of each 4,7‐bis‐arylvinyl‐benzo‐2,1,3‐chalcogenodiazole derivative to establish interactions with calf‐thymus DNA (ct‐DNA) and human serum albumin (HSA). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe herein our results on the synthesis of bisarylselanylbenzo‐2,1,3‐selenadiazoles through double cross‐coupling reaction. The named compounds were obtained in moderate to good yields by reactions of a range of diaryl diselenides with the 4,7‐dibromobenzo[c][1,2,5]selenadiazole using 20 mol‐% of CuO nanoparticles as a catalyst. In addition, the obtained compounds were investigated regarding their photophysical properties in solution and singlet oxygen generation. Bisarylselanylbenzo‐2,1,3‐selenadiazoles presents strong absorption bands at UV region and red emission properties, depending on the substituent. Geometrical, photophysical and electronic properties of the compounds are characterized with density functional theory calculations. In all derivatives are observed the oxidation process of Se atom, using electrochemical analysis. Also, the quantum yields of photosensitized 1O2 production of the synthesized compounds were slightly lower than the standard, but still displays good ability to generate singlet oxygen species. The ability to generate 1O2 of benzo‐2,1,3‐selenadiazole derivatives after being exposed to light and oxygen allowed us to envisage them as a potential application in photodynamic therapy. The synthesis, photophysics, electrochemical and singlet‐oxygen‐generation properties of bis‐arylselanyl‐benzo‐2,1,3‐selenadiazoles are described. These compounds were obtained in moderate to good yields. The ability to generate 1O2 of benzo‐2,1,3‐selenadiazole derivatives after exposure to light and oxygen allowed us to envisage them as a potential application in photodynamic therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arctium lappa root extractions were performed using supercritical CO 2 (scCO 2 ) with methanol as co-solvent. Experiments were performed under the following conditions: 10, 15 and 20 MPa and 313.15, 333.15 and 353.15 K varying the methanol to solids (raw material) mass ratio. The best extraction yield (8.25 wt%) was obtained at 20 MPa, 353.15 K and methanol to solids mass ratio of 1:1. The major compounds found in burdock extracts were diisooctyl phthalate, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one, glycerol and pentadecanal. The extract with higher antioxidant potential was obtained at 15 MPa and 333.15 K (ratio of 4:1), while a higher number of phenolic compounds was found in the extract obtained at 20 MPa and 353.15 K and ratio of 4:1. High-pressure extraction process using scCO 2 with methanol is a promising approaching to obtain burdock root extracts with high biological activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work reports experimental data and kinetic modeling of solvent-free glycerolysis of olive oil using a commercial immobilized lipase (Novozym 435) in the presence of Triton X-100 surfactant for the production of monoacylglycerols (MAG) and diacylglycerols (DAG). The experiments were performed in batch mode evaluating the effects of temperature (30-70 degrees C), enzyme concentration (2.5-18 wt %), Triton X-100 concentration (10-20 wt %), and glycerol to oil molar ratio (3:1, 6:1, and 9:1). Experimental results showed that lipase-catalyzed solvent-free glycerolysis with the addition of Triton X-100 might be a potential alternative route to conventional organic solvent methods, as good conversions were obtained with relatively low enzyme concentrations (9 wt %) in short reaction times (240 min). The glycerolysis and hydrolysis parallel reactions were considered with rate constants estimated by minimizing a maximum likelihood function. A very satisfactory agreement between experimental data and model results was obtained, thus allowing a better understanding of the reaction kinetics.