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Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a common consequence of electrolyte and dehydration abnormalities that affect individuals with type-1 diabetes. DKA is a major diabetic complication worldwide. Clinical details: We have presented a male patient aging 31years with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting(nonprojectile), shortness of breath Grade IV for 1 day, altered sensorium as well as diarrhea (every day, five watery bowel movements) for 2 days.). The laboratories results showed that the person had with an anion gap of 21 with positive ketones, low bicarbonate & high blood glucose, urine glucose and high circulating blood ketones are strongly positive. Based on the laboratory findings patient has confirmed with DKA. The patient has been referred to the ICU Hehas begun with insulin drip and serum electrolytes after every four hours (potassium, sodium, phosphorus, magnesium, & chloride). Outcomes: The patient has begun with insulin drip and serum electrolytes for every four hours (potassium, sodium, phosphorus, magnesium, & chloride). After the initiation of insulin treatment, potassium levels were shifted intracellularly and serum levels were declined.Insulin stimulated the transcellular potassium transmission and patient has developed with hypokalemia. Conclusion: Pulmonary edema may develop in DKA patients for the same causes as cerebral edema. Be careful of potential fluid loss overcorrection, although it rarely occurs. DKA prevention requires more research and collaboration among inpatient and outpatient clinicians and patient education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new facile ionic liquid mediated proficient method is developed for the synthesis of structurally new thiazepine and oxazepine derivatives of thiazolidine 2,4-dione. This protocol proceeds through, one-pot between fused cyclic ketone, substituted aromatic aldehyde, 2-amino phenol and 2-amino thiobenzene at room temperature to yield structurally new derivatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This communication describes the in vitro anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-oxidative evaluation results of the different extracts of leaves, stem and roots of Chrysanthimoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Asteraceae) for the first time. Materials and Method: Leaves, stem and roots of the plant were used for extraction by using distilled n-hexane, DCM, ethyl acetate and methanol. These fractions were tested for their in vitro anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-oxidative activities using standard protocols like micro broth dilution method for anti-bacterial and anti-fungal, DPPH radical scavenging and H2O2 scavenging activity methods for anti-oxidative activity. Results: The investigations resulted fractions with good anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and antioxidative activities which were tabulated. Conclusions: Based on the results it was concluded that these fractions with good bioactivity may be further researched for the pure compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]