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International tax planning presents sometimes unknown challenges to planners. Planners should implement the BASIC concept - benchmarking, analysis, strategy, implementation, and compliance - to aid them in their planning.

The article discusses the 20th Freiburg workshop "Taxation of Universities" held on November 5-6, 2019 at the Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, Germany. Topics include latest developments in charitable, donation and foundation law; the tax treatment of scholarships; the case law on sales tax; the exchange of services and the input tax deduction; and cases of university fundraising from a tax point of view.

The identification of inhibitors of eukaryotic protein biosynthesis, which are targeting single translation factors, is highly demanded. Here we report on a small molecule inhibitor, gephyronic acid, isolated from the myxobacterium Archangium gephyra that inhibits growth of transformed mammalian cell lines in the nM range. In direct comparison, primary human fibroblasts were shown to be less sensitive to toxic effects of gephyronic acid than cancer-derived cells. Gephyronic acid is targeting the protein translation system. Experiments with IRES dual luciferase reporter assays identified it as an inhibitor of the translation initiation. DARTs approaches, co-localization studies and pull-down assays indicate that the binding partner could be the eukaryotic initiation factor 2 subunit alpha (eIF2α). Gephyronic acid seems to have a different mode of action than the structurally related polyketides tedanolide, myriaporone, and pederin and is a valuable tool for investigating the eukaryotic translation system. Because cancer derived cells were found to be especially sensitive, gephyronic acid could potentially find use as a drug candidate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses exhibitions on the history and culture of Germans in Eastern Europe held in Germany after the forced migration of these Germans from their homelands at the end of World War II. Focusing on exhibitions organized outside of established museum institutions, the author addresses such topics as private and government financial support for these exhibitions, the establishment of community museums by refugee societies, and a system of so-called Patenstädte (godparent cities) dedicated to preserving the cultural heritage of Germans from specific Eastern European regions, such as Duisburg, Germany, responsible for Königsberg (Kaliningrad, Russia), Karlsruhe, Germany, responsible for Carpathian Germans, and Gerlingen, Germany, responsible for Germans from Hungary.

Protein production under the control of lac operon regulatory elements using autoinduction is based on diauxic growth of Escherichia coli on lactose after consumption of more preferred carbon substrates. A novel simple and cost-effective defined autoinduction medium using a mixture of glucose, glycerol, and lactose as carbon substrate and NH as sole nitrogen source without any supplementation of amino acids and vitamins was developed for T7-based E. coli expression systems. This medium was successfully employed in 96-well microtiter plates, test tubes, shake flasks, and 15-L bioreactor cultivations for production of different types of proteins achieving an average yield of 500 mg L product. Cell-specific protein concentrations and solubility were similar as during conventional isopropyl β- d-1-thiogalactopyranoside induction using Luria-Bertani broth. However, the final yield of target proteins was about four times higher, as a higher final biomass was achieved using this novel defined autoinduction broth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a discussion on the use and popularity of German almanacs in Yugoslavia between 1922 and 1941. The purpose of the almanacs as a means of strengthening and preserving German culture and language is discussed. Further information is provided regarding the cover images for the almanacs, their representation of rural and agricultural life, and the impact of Nazi leader Adolf Hitler and the rise of national socialism on the overall tone and content of the almanacs. The article concludes with reflections on the intended audience for the almanacs.

The article reports on Bohemian countries in the Viennese magazines and almanacs of the Vormarz (1805-1848).