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Abstract Background Ewing’s sarcoma is a malignant neoplasm that mainly occurs in skeletal tissue but can rarely arise in soft tissues. Recently, small round cell tumors (including Ewing’s sarcoma) caused by chromosomal translocations have been collectively termed Ewing’s sarcoma family of tumors. We report a rare case of primary adrenal Ewing’s sarcoma family of tumors with tumor thrombus. Case presentation A 22-year-old Asian woman was referred to our hospital with a left retroperitoneal tumor 19 cm in diameter. Tumor thrombus was identified from the left adrenal vein to the inferior vena cava, infiltrating the right atrium. Total tumor excision with left adrenalectomy, nephrectomy, and thrombectomy was performed under hypothermic circulatory arrest, followed by seven courses of adjuvant chemotherapy. The patient has shown no signs of recurrence as of 26 months postoperatively. Conclusion Radical surgery combined with systemic chemotherapy may contribute to good prognosis in patients with primary adrenal Ewing’s sarcoma family of tumors.

BackgroundR2* relaxometry and quantitative susceptibility mapping can be combined to distinguish between microstructural changes and iron deposition in white matter. Here, we aimed to explore microstructural changes in the white matter associated with clinical presentations such as cognitive impairment in patients with idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) using R2* relaxometry analysis in combination with quantitative susceptibility mapping.MethodsWe evaluated 16 patients clinically diagnosed with possible or probable iNPH and 18 matched healthy controls (HC) who were chosen based on similarity in age and sex. R2* and quantitative susceptibility mapping were compared using voxel-wise and atlas-based one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Finally, partial correlation analyses were performed to assess the relationship between R2* and clinical presentations.ResultsR2* was lower in some white matter regions, including the bilateral superior longitudinal fascicle and sagittal stratum, in the iNPH group compared to the HC group. The voxel-based quantitative susceptibility mapping results did not differ between the groups. The atlas-based group comparisons yielded negative mean susceptibility values in almost all brain regions, indicating no clear paramagnetic iron deposition in the white matter of any subject. R2* and cognitive performance scores between the left superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) and right sagittal stratum (SS) were positively correlated. In addition to that, R2* and gait disturbance scores between left SS were negatively correlated.ConclusionOur analysis highlights the microstructural changes without iron deposition in the SLF and SS, and their association with cognitive impairment and gait disturbance in patients with iNPH.

The thrust performance of a steady-state, applied-field magnetoplasmadynamics (MPD) thruster has been improved by increasing a discharge current was increased from 20 A to 60 A using a lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6) hollow cathode. The experimentally obtained thrust characteristics were consistent with that of electromagnetic acceleration. Using argon as the propellant, a thrust efficiency of 25.5% and a thrust/power ratio of 17.0 mN/kW were obtained with an applied magnetic field of 265 mT, discharge current of 30 A, propellant mass flow rate of 2.1 mg/s and discharge voltage was 121 V. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Curtius rearrangement was applied to a C3-carboxylated chlorophyll derivative. Hydrolysis of the resulting isocyanate gave the C3-aminochlorin, while addition of an amine or alcohol to the intermediate gave the corresponding urea or carbamate derivative, respectively. The synthetic C3-ureidochlorin showed visible absorption and fluorescence emission spectral responses with the addition of anions in dichloromethane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]