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This article examines the impact of haemophilia B, a condition characterized by spontaneous bleeding into joints and muscles, on patients in the United States. The study found that most patients were receiving prophylaxis treatment, but still experienced bleeding events, with the severity of the disease correlating with a higher annualized bleeding rate. Patients with severe disease and those over the age of 12 were more likely to have comorbid conditions such as arthropathy and synovitis. The study also found that patients classified as obese or overweight had higher bleeding rates. The findings emphasize the ongoing burden of bleeding episodes and the need for improved prevention and treatment options for haemophilia B. [Extracted from the article]

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is a highly contagious, airborne viral infection that can infect anyone. Those with certain underlying conditions may be at higher risk for infection to develop into a severe disease requiring hospitalization. This report summarizes use of nirmatrelvir‐ritonavir for the treatment of COVID‐19 in high‐risk patients at a single academic medical center through a pharmacist delegation protocol and demonstrates real‐world efficacy and safety of treatment. Methods: This retrospective, single‐center, observational study analyzed all patients who received nirmatrelvir‐ritonavir ordered by a clinical pharmacist for treatment of COVID‐19 infection. The primary outcomes were safety and efficacy of nirmatrelvir‐ritonavir. Safety was evaluated by analyzing drug interaction management and adverse events. Efficacy was evaluated through hospitalization and death within 28 days of nirmatrelvir‐ritonavir use. Results: Sixty patients were eligible for inclusion. No patients were hospitalized or died within 28 days after initiation of nirmatrelvir‐ritonavir. Pharmacists identified 101 drug interactions with 60% considered clinically significant, requiring modification of home medications. Adverse outcomes associated with the use of nirmatrelvir‐ritonavir were reported in 13 patients (21.7%). Conclusions: A comprehensive program to mitigate drug interactions and prescribe nirmatrelvir‐ritonavir ensured timely access to COVID‐19 therapy, which may be associated with the prevention of hospitalization and death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coaching is often used to improve self-confidence however little is known about how self-confidence is measured. For practitioners looking to evaluate their work, being able to measure self-confidence is key. This systematic review presents findings from a conceptual and methodological review of measures of self-confidence, self-efficacy and self-esteem and considers their use in workplace settings. Three databases (EBSCOhost business source premier, Proquest ABI/INFORM Collection and ASSIA and PsycINFO) were searched to retrieve empirical studies published up until 2017, with no lower time limit. A search of theses and dissertations was also conducted. 15 papers met the inclusion criteria providing the development and properties of 15 different measures of self-confidence. The conceptual review included a thematic analysis of the items across all measures and Skinner's (1981) validity evidence framework was chosen to underpin the methodological review. A number of conceptual and methodological limitations of the available measures were noted. The available measures do not comprehensively measure the construct of self-confidence. Furthermore, they are limited in their design and development, their psychometric properties and validity in a workplace setting. We conclude that current measures are unlikely to measure self-confidence effectively within workplace settings and make recommendations for future developments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers a model of self-confidence for use in executive coaching. Self-confidence is an important coaching topic, yet our understanding of what it is and how it can be developed is limited to narrower concepts of self-efficacy and self-esteem. Current approaches are static and focus on personal attributes, cognitive and motivational aspects over physiological experiences and pay insufficient attention to diversity. Using an embodied interview approach with a diverse sample of 27 employees, we propose an Embodied, Dynamic and Inclusive (EDI) model of self-confidence that contains the components of Authenticity, Competence and Connectedness. The EDI model is unique in that it captures the dynamics of Loss of Confidence and building a Confident Performance, and identifies the role Mindset plays. We discuss our main contribution to the literature; that confidence is embodied and dynamic. We also explore what impact our research has on coaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regional judicial bodies all serve to protect, interpret, and develop the law of the community in which they are established. While they share these common objectives, differences in admissibility, procedure rules, and jurisdiction can be noted. This study aims to shed light on differences in the design of jurisdictions; specifically, it explores whether they impact the efficiency of such courts. Our hypothesis is that institutional design can be used to fix issues – such as enforcement – that some Courts of Justice face. To test this theory, the study focuses on the Court of Justice of the Economic Community of West African States. Using rational design theory, the study of the Court’s case law, its history, and empirical observations, we found that the particularities in admissibility and procedural rules, as well as the scope of the Court’s jurisdiction, were established to bypass some issues linked to the lack of access to justice and weak rule of law in the area. The innovative institutional design allowed the court to be more efficient and helped to establish it as an alternative to national courts for citizens, which in turn promoted the rule of law in the region. However, some problems were left unsolved, and the Court today again faces issues it had managed to avoid in the past. This study concludes that institutional design can serve to create a more efficient judicial body, especially in complex regions. However, there is a risk of only observing short term effects if the adjustments made do not maintain a certain institutional equilibrium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is a recurring depression, understood as having a biological aetiology probably related to a lack of sunlight during the winter months, although a variant has also been reported to occur during the summer. This study sought to investigate the relationship between seasonal mood variations, as measured by a devised scale, and the personality aspects of neuroticism, psychoticism, and extraversion, as assessed by Eysenck's Personality Questionnaire. Gender and age were also recorded. Results from 97 participants, comprising students and adults from the community, confirmed that women were more prone to SAD than were men, but disconfirmed the generally held view that those under 40 years were the most likely age group to suffer. A significant and positive relationship was found between high scores on both the SAD and neuroticism scales, but there was an inverse correlation between SAD and psychoticism scores. The implications of these results for the diagnosis of SAD are discussed. Southern Africa would appear to be an ideal location in which to study both the winter and summer variants of the SAD syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reviews two films. "Is the Death Penalty Justified?" produced by EONetwork Productions; "Is Compromising Civil Rights Justified in the War on Terrorism?" produced by EONetworks Productions.

Reviews the video tape "A Child's Century of War," which is about war and children.

Reviews the video tape "The Global Banquet: Politics of Food," which is about food and farming.

A review of the DVD release of the motion picture "The Calling," produced and directed by David A. Ranghelli is presented.

Reviews the film "Noah's Ark," by Jerry Pinkney.

The article presents a study that explores how acute multidrug delivery with the help of wearable bioreactor facilitates long-term limb regeneration and functional recovery in adult Xenopus laevis. It mentions the identification of triggers of innate morphogenetic responses in vivo to induce the growth of healthy patterned tissue.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious, airborne viral infection that can infect anyone. Those with certain underlying conditions may be at higher risk for infection to develop into a severe disease requiring hospitalization. This report summarizes use of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir for the treatment of COVID-19 in high-risk patients at a single academic medical center through a pharmacist delegation protocol and demonstrates real-world efficacy and safety of treatment., Methods: This retrospective, single-center, observational study analyzed all patients who received nirmatrelvir-ritonavir ordered by a clinical pharmacist for treatment of COVID-19 infection. The primary outcomes were safety and efficacy of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir. Safety was evaluated by analyzing drug interaction management and adverse events. Efficacy was evaluated through hospitalization and death within 28 days of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir use., Results: Sixty patients were eligible for inclusion. No patients were hospitalized or died within 28 days after initiation of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir. Pharmacists identified 101 drug interactions with 60% considered clinically significant, requiring modification of home medications. Adverse outcomes associated with the use of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir were reported in 13 patients (21.7%)., Conclusions: A comprehensive program to mitigate drug interactions and prescribe nirmatrelvir-ritonavir ensured timely access to COVID-19 therapy, which may be associated with the prevention of hospitalization and death., Competing Interests: All authors declare no conflicts of interest., (© 2022 Pharmacotherapy Publications, Inc.)

Developmental bioelectricity is the study of the endogenous role of bioelectrical signaling in all cell types. Resting potentials and other aspects of ionic cell physiology are known to be important regulatory parameters in embryogenesis, regeneration, and cancer. However, relevant quantitative measurement and genetic phenotyping data are distributed throughout wide-ranging literature, hampering experimental design and hypothesis generation. Here, we analyze published studies on bioelectrics and transcriptomic and genomic/phenotypic databases to provide a novel synthesis of what is known in three important aspects of bioelectrics research. First, we provide a comprehensive list of channelopathies-ion channel and pump gene mutations-in a range of important model systems with developmental patterning phenotypes, illustrating the breadth of channel types, tissues, and phyla (including man) in which bioelectric signaling is a critical endogenous aspect of embryogenesis. Second, we perform a novel bioinformatic analysis of transcriptomic data during regeneration in diverse taxa that reveals an electrogenic protein to be the one common factor specifically expressed in regeneration blastemas across Kingdoms. Finally, we analyze data on distinct V mem signatures in normal and cancer cells, revealing a specific bioelectrical signature corresponding to some types of malignancies. These analyses shed light on fundamental questions in developmental bioelectricity and suggest new avenues for research in this exciting field., Competing Interests: The authors confirm there is no conflict of interest, actual or potential, for each listed author. No competing financial interests exist., (Copyright 2021, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers.)

Tamoxifen and other endocrine agents have proven benefits for women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), but low patient acceptance is widely reported. We examined factors associated with tamoxifen acceptance and adherence among DCIS patients who received a recommendation for therapy in a multidisciplinary setting. Using our institutional database, we identified women diagnosed with DCIS, 1998 to 2009, who were offered tamoxifen. We recorded data on demographics, tumor and therapy variables, tamoxifen acceptance, and adherence to therapy for ≥4 years. Univariable and multivariable analyses were conducted using logistic regression to identify factors specific to each group that were related to acceptance and adherence. A total of 555 eligible women identified, of whom 369 were offered tamoxifen; 298 (81%) accepted, among whom 214 (72%) were adherent, 59 of 298 (20%) were nonadherent, and for 25 (8%), adherence was undetermined. After stepwise elimination in adjusted logistic regression models, acceptance of breast radiotherapy was associated with acceptance of tamoxifen [OR, 2.22; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.26-3.90; P < 0.01], as was a medical oncology consultation (OR, 1.76; 95% CI, 0.99-3.15; P = 0.05). Insured patients were more likely to adhere to tamoxifen (OR, 6.03; 95% CI, 2.60-13.98; P < 0.01). The majority of nonadherent women ( n = 38/56, 68%) discontinued the drug during the first year of treatment with 48 (86%) citing adverse effect(s) as the reason. In a multidisciplinary, tertiary care setting, we observed relatively high rates of acceptance and adherence of tamoxifen. Acceptance of tamoxifen and radiotherapy were associated, and adherence was influenced by insurance status. Key Message: Tamoxifen acceptance and adherence following resection of DCIS of the breast is related to acceptance of radiotherapy and may be improved by confirmation of the recommendation by a medical oncologist. Despite the low cost of tamoxifen, adherence to therapy is significantly impacted by lack of insurance; those who discontinue therapy report adverse effects as a major reason. Cancer Prev Res; 10(7); 389-97. ©2017 AACR ., (©2017 American Association for Cancer Research.)