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Patients are the center of healthcaresystem where key role players include pharmaceutical manufacturers. In recent years, ethical standards of marketing strategies conducted by pharmaceutical manufacturers have declined significantly which raises the question ofhealthcare quality. The conventional wayof pharmaceutical marketing is widely accepted by Muslims and non-Muslims around the world. Limitedstudies have been conducted so far to establish Islamic marketing mechanismin pharmaceutical businessas Islam is the answer to all questions of our lives and beyond. This paper theoretically proposed the relation of pharmaceutical marketing strategies with quality healthcare service for patient's satisfaction and investigated it with primary data. It also highlights the mediating effect of Islamic marketing mechanism from ethical context. The findings revealed that there is a significant positive relationship exists between pharmaceutical marketing ethics and Islamic marketing mechanism which partially mediates healthcare quality. Also, healthcare quality significantly influences patient satisfaction. The framework developed in this study need to be tested in the future through other social factors. Based on the findings, recommendations for Muslim entrepreneurs are explained at the end. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To study the incidence, clinical presentation and to observe comparison of different sinonasal masses. Materials and Methods: This Prospective study was carried out from January 2017 to December 2018. Data were collected from 100 patients presented with sinonasal masses. This study is based on history, clinical, radiological, laboratory and histopathological examination. Results: During the study period, 100 patients presented with sinonasal masses (male 60, female 40; age group 8-70 years).Nasal polyploid masses were non-neoplastic in 70 (70%) subjects, and neoplastic in 30 (30%) cases. Nasal obstruction was the most common (95%) presenting complaint, followed by rhinorrhoea (48%), hyposmia (30%), intermittent epistaxis (17%), headache (15%), facial swelling (10%) and eye-related symptoms (10%). The most common site of origin of polyploid masses was the middle meatus (54%) followed by the lateral wall of the nasal cavity (15%) and superior meatus (11%). unilateral nasal masses was present in 49% patients, while the remaining patients had bilateral nasal masses. Allergic (60%) and inflammatory (28.5%) polyps were the most common non-neoplastic mass, inverted papilloma (41.17%) and haemangioma (35.29%) were most common benign neoplastic mass; 92.3% of all malignant masses were squamous cell carcinoma. Surgery was the major mode of treatment. it included Caldwell-luc operation (7%), polypectomy (10%), excision of mass (25.0%) and functional endoscopic sinus surgery (44%). Malignancies were treated with radiotherapy or Surgery followed by radiotherapy or Chemoradiotherapy. Conclusions: The masses in nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and nasopharynx encompass a wide spectrum of common and rare diseases and are very common lesions encountered in clinical practice. Endoscopic examination and advanced imaging technique help to reach a presumptive diagnosis but histopathological examination remains the mainstay of final definitive diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Multiple Myeloma (MM) accounts for 1% of malignant tumors and 10%-15% of hematopoietic neoplasms. Bortezomib, a first in class proteasome inhibitor, induces apoptosis and growth arrest and reverse chemoresistence in Myeloma cell and has demonstrated no irreversible adverse effect on haemopoietic stem cell. Dexamethasone increases the response rate. Thus, Bortezomib plus dexamethasone represent highly effective regimen for previously untreated Multiple Myeloma cases and significantly higher response rates approximately 70%-90% have been observed.This combination thus may serve the basis of future strands of care in Multiple Myeloma patients. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy, safety and tolerability of Bortezomib in newly diagnosed cases of Multiple Myeloma patients in Bangladesh. Materials & Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out in the Haematology department of BSMMU from June 2017 to December 2018. Patients received inj. Bortezomib (1.3mg/m²) 4 cycles as an intravenous bolus on days 1,4,8,11 in a three week cycle (twice weekly administration) in indoor and same patients as day care basis in outpatients department. Dexamethasone at 40 mg was given intravenously or orally on the day of and day after inj Bortezomib.A self administered questionnaire containing different set of questions regarding Multiple Myeloma were used for data collection. Results: Among the study population, 93% of patients had anaemia followed by bone pain (86%) and renal impairment (39%). Out of 25 patients,complete response achieved in 13 patients (52%), where 4 patients(16%) showed partial response,6 (24%) showed very good partial response and 2 (8%) patients showed no response. The overall response rate was 92% belonged to partial,very goofd partial and no respone respectively. Death occurred in 3 cases (12%). 5 patients (20%) developed Bortezomib induced peripheral neuropathy.Life threatening intracranial haemorrhage occurred in two patients (8%). Death occurred in 3 cases (12%),2 patients due to intracranial haemorrhage and another from cardiac arrest. In this study,S. creatinine, â2 microglobulin and bony lesion variables showed significant association with treatment response. Conclusion: Bortezomib plus dexamethasone is a highly effective and safe regimen for previously untreated multiple myeloma patients. This novel therapy in myeloma represent a new trearment paradigm targeting both tumor and microenvironment which has markedly improve overall response(OR), long progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS)across in all risk groups. Moreover,it can be administered safely in the outpatient setting provided by clinicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

. 1. The occurrence and community structure of dung beetle species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) in the faecal deposits of man and some domestic vertebrates varied according to dung type, seasonal conditions and soil type. 2. Of the twenty-four species belonging to six genera, Onthophagus was the prevalent genus and O.ramosellus the most abundant species. 3. Cattle dung was the dominant food type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]