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2. Consensus Guidelines for Perioperative Care for Emergency Laparotomy Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) Society Recommendations Part 2-Emergency Laparotomy: Intra- and Postoperative Care.

Author

Scott, Michael, Aggarwal, Geeta, Aitken, Robert, Anderson, Iain, Balfour, Angie, Foss, Nicolai, Cooper, Zara, Dhesi, Jugdeep, French, W, Grant, Michael, Hammarqvist, Folke, Hare, Sarah, Havens, Joaquim, Holena, Daniel, Hübner, Martin, Johnston, Carolyn, Kim, Jeniffer, Lees, Nicholas, Ljungqvist, Olle, Lobo, Dileep, Mohseni, Shahin, Ordoñez, Carlos, Quiney, Nial, Sharoky, Catherine, Urman, Richard, Wu, Christopher, Young-Fadok, Tonia, Peden, Carol, and Wick, Elizabeth

Subjects
Humans, Enhanced Recovery After Surgery, Postoperative Care, Laparotomy, Perioperative Care, Elective Surgical Procedures
Abstract

BACKGROUND: This is Part 2 of the first consensus guidelines for optimal care of patients undergoing emergency laparotomy (EL) using an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) approach. This paper addresses intra- and postoperative aspects of care. METHODS: Experts in aspects of management of high-risk and emergency general surgical patients were invited to contribute by the International ERAS® Society. PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Medline database searches were performed for ERAS elements and relevant specific topics. Studies on each item were selected with particular attention to randomized clinical trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and large cohort studies and reviewed and graded using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Recommendations were made on the best level of evidence, or extrapolation from studies on elective patients when appropriate. A modified Delphi method was used to validate final recommendations. Some ERAS® components covered in other guideline papers are outlined only briefly, with the bulk of the text focusing on key areas pertaining specifically to EL. RESULTS: Twenty-three components of intraoperative and postoperative care were defined. Consensus was reached after three rounds of a modified Delphi Process. CONCLUSIONS: These guidelines are based on best available evidence for an ERAS® approach to patients undergoing EL. These guidelines are not exhaustive but pull together evidence on important components of care for this high-risk patient population. As much of the evidence is extrapolated from elective surgery or emergency general surgery (not specifically laparotomy), many of the components need further evaluation in future studies.

Published
2023

3. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) Society Consensus Guidelines for Emergency Laparotomy Part 3: Organizational Aspects and General Considerations for Management of the Emergency Laparotomy Patient.

Author

Peden, Carol, Aggarwal, Geeta, Aitken, Robert, Anderson, Iain, Balfour, Angie, Foss, Nicolai, Cooper, Zara, Dhesi, Jugdeep, French, W, Grant, Michael, Hammarqvist, Folke, Hare, Sarah, Havens, Joaquim, Holena, Daniel, Hübner, Martin, Johnston, Carolyn, Kim, Jeniffer, Lees, Nicholas, Ljungqvist, Olle, Lobo, Dileep, Mohseni, Shahin, Ordoñez, Carlos, Quiney, Nial, Sharoky, Catherine, Urman, Richard, Wu, Christopher, Young-Fadok, Tonia, Scott, Michael, and Wick, Elizabeth

Subjects
Humans, Enhanced Recovery After Surgery, Laparotomy, Perioperative Care, Organizations, Elective Surgical Procedures
Abstract

BACKGROUND: This is Part 3 of the first consensus guidelines for optimal care of patients undergoing emergency laparotomy using an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) approach. This paper addresses organizational aspects of care. METHODS: Experts in management of the high-risk and emergency general surgical patient were invited to contribute by the International ERAS® Society. PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and MEDLINE database searches were performed for ERAS elements and relevant specific topics. Studies were selected with particular attention to randomized clinical trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses and large cohort studies, and reviewed and graded using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation system. Recommendations were made on the best level of evidence, or extrapolation from studies on elective patients when appropriate. A modified Delphi method was used to validate final recommendations. RESULTS: Components of organizational aspects of care were considered. Consensus was reached after three rounds of a modified Delphi process. CONCLUSIONS: These guidelines are based on best current available evidence for organizational aspects of an ERAS® approach to patients undergoing emergency laparotomy and include discussion of less common aspects of care for the surgical patient, including end-of-life issues. These guidelines are not exhaustive but pull together evidence on important components of care for this high-risk patient population. As much of the evidence is extrapolated from elective surgery or emergency general surgery (not specifically laparotomy), many of the components need further evaluation in future studies.

Published
2023

7. Protocol for direct reporting of awareness in maternity patients (DREAMY): a prospective, multicentre cohort study of accidental awareness during general anaesthesia

Author

A'Court, Alicja, Abdel-Gadir, Dina, Abdu, Ayman, Abisogun, Caroline, Aboud, Zainab, Abrams, Judith, Ackerman, Andrea, Adamso, Christine, Addison, Rachel, Adeyeye, Adedayo, Adler, Rachel, Aduse-Poku, Maame, Adyanthaya, Siddharth, Ahmad, Najmiah, Ahmed, Dabeeruddeen, Ahmed, Atif, Akindele, Bucky, Akindele, Olubukola, Akrimi, Sonia, Al-Rawi, Samar, Ali, Yousif, Allam, Jo, Allana, Alisha, Allen, Kellie, Allen, Orlanda, Amaradasa, Natasha, Amarasekara, Lareina, Amoakwa-adu, Freda, Anandageetha, Padmanabhan, Anandakrishnan, Suresh, Anandanadesan, Rathai, Anderson, Michelle, Apps, Simon, Aquilina, Audrey, Arbane, Gill, Arch, Alice, Armstrong, Sarah, Arya, Rita, Ashiru, Gloria, Ashpole, Keri, Atkinson, Claire, Atkinson, Francesca, Auer, Elizabeth, Avery, Ben, Babio-Galan, Maite, Bader, Hareth, Badham, George, Bagchi, Subha, Bailey, Sarah, Baird, Yolanda, Balaka, Cristina, Baldwin, Melissa, Balfour, Paul, Bali, Shreya, Banks, Samantha, Barclay, Philip, Barnes, Lucy, Barnes, Thomas, Barot, Niraj, Barrett, Stephen, Barrett, Venetia, Barrett, Kate, Bates, Louise, Batte, Katherine, Baytug, Beki, Behravesh, Mona, Bell, Suzanne, Benloch, Raul, Bentley, Richard, Berg, Jennifer, Berwick, Charlotte, Berwick, Richard, Bhadange, Rashmi, Bhattacharyya, Sanjoy, Bielskute, Egidija, Birch, Sian, Bird, Scott, Bird, Ruth, Birts, William, Black, Becky, Blagova, Tatyana, Blake, Holly, Blightman, Oliver, Blunden, Susara, Bolton, Richard, Borkett-Jones, Caroline, Boselli, John, Bowen, Manuella, Bowen, Ruth, Bowye, James, Boyle, Henry, Brar, Zameen, Bray, Jo, Brayshaw, Samantha, Bressington, Catherine, Brewer, Alison, Brice, Naomi, Bridge, Laura, Briscoe, James, Brocklesby, Sonia, Brown, Harry, Brown, Sarah, Brunnen, Derek, Burijintichenna, Keshavareddy, Burnard, Sara, Burtt, Agnieszka, Buswell, Victoria, Bykar, Hannah, Cairney, Matthew, Calvert, Clare, Camarasa, Laura, Campbell, Natasha, Campbell-Jones, Frederick, Cantliffe, Jane, Carrol, William, Carvalho, Joanna, Cashell, Catherine, Cassie, Sarah, Cassim, Kadu, Chandler, Marika, Chapman, Rachel, Charles, Robert, Chen, Ping, Cheyne, Deanne, Chima, Kiran, Chin, Floju, Chirvasuta, Radu, Shao Chong, Martin, Choudhury, Sadia, Chowdhury, Priyakam, Christmas, Tracey, Chughwani, Shilpa, Ciechanowicz, Sarah, Clarey, Emma, Coe, Rob, Cohen, Jolyon, Coker, Nicholas, Collins, Karen, Collis, Lauren, Comar, Jasna, Conroy, Marianne, Constantin, Kathy, Corfe, Jeremy, Coulborn, Elaine, Cowie, Vanessa, Crone, Rachel, Cronin, James, Crooks, Jennifer, Crowther, Nicola, Crowther, Elizabeth, Cruz, Carina, Curtis, Alexa, Curtis, Sarah, Curtis, Sam, Dabrowicz, Adrian, Daines, Nick, Dalal, Viral, Dannatt, Peter, Das, Dinesh, Dash, Jennifer, Davidson, Katherine, Davies, Sarah, Davis, Yvette, Dawson, James, Dean, Jonathan, Dean, Caroline, Denman, Jane, Desai, Neel, Dewan, Preeti, Dimont, Sarah, Donovan, Clare, Doraiswami, Mano, Doughty, Kate, Douglass, Jamie, Dower, Michelle, Downing, Samantha, Duberry, Wendy, Duckham, Emily, Dudgeon, Lucy, Dukes, Stephanie, Dunn, Leigh, Duraiswamy, Venkat, O' Dwyer, Anthony, Dyer, Kristyn, Eapen, Suresh, Earl, Mark, Eason, Sally, Edwards, Kylie-Ellen, Edwards, Zara, Egole, Osinachi, Ekpa, John, El-Amin, Olivia, El-Boghdadly, Kariem, Elbasir, Okba, Eldridge, James, Elgie, Laura, Ellington, Matt, Elliott, Katharine, Elliott, Justine, Elmi, Mohamed, Elnoumeir, Ramy, Emeakaraoha, Eunice, Evans, Matt, Everett, Mary, Fabb, Philippa, Farooq, Hadia, Farrimond, Rohan, Faulds, Fiona, Fawcett, Erik, Feneley, Andrew, Fernando, Dinushi, Ferns, Janis, Finlay, Claire, Fitzgerald, Simon, O'Flaherty, Doireann, Fleet, Mark, Fletcher, Lydia, Fludder, Vanessa, Follet, Terri, Forbes, Jane, Forth, Mark, Foster, Greg, Francis, John, Fraser, Kate, Friedman, Lauren, Fruggeri, Luca, Fulton, Laura, Funnell, Sam, Gadre, Amit, Gandhi, Ajay, Gardiner, Harriet, Garner, Zoe, Garvey, Gráinne, Gately, Tom, George, Richard, Gillespie, Siobhan, Glover, Stephanie, Goddard, Jennifer, Goodman, Ben, Gopal, Tarikere, Graham, George, Green, David, Griffin, Denise, Griffith, Jessica, Grigsby, Stephanie, Grindey, Julie, Griffiths, Huw, Groome, Jonathan, Grother, Christine, Grounds, Gabrielle, Groves, Alice, Guha, Abhik, Gunawardhana, Amila, Gupta, Aman, Gupta, Rekha, Gutsell, James, Haddon, Richard, Hadi, Dina, Hadjipavlou, Nicola, Hammerbeck, Henry, Hammon, Laura, Hammond, Sarah, Hampanna, Hampesh, Hancock, Holly, Handapangoda, Hemantha, Haroon-Mowahed, Yumna, Harpham, Dawn, Harris, Grant, Harrison, Abigail, Harshan, Divya, Hartopp, Andrew, Harty, Eoin, Haslam, Nick, Hawkins, Gemma, Hawkins, Edith, Hawksey, Sarah, Hays, Carole, Hazelton, Tracy, Heavyside, Andrew, Hemeson, Chibuzo, Henderson, Katrina, Henry, Oliver, Herbert, Lara, Higgins, Nikki, Hilton, James, Hindmoor, Claire, Hitchcock, Rachael, Hobbs, Laura, Homsy, Michele, Honeywell, Cassandra, Hoque, Nazima, House, Kirsty, Howle, Ryan, Tiller, Amanda, Huniak, Matthew, Hunte, Jeremy, Husain, Tauqeer, Huson, Coralie, Hussain, Catriona, Hussain, Tawhida, Hussein, Zainab, Hyams, Jeremy, Hyde, Eleanor, Iaverdino, Marina, Ignacka, Alex, Innes, Erin, Ioannidis, Stefanos, Iqbal, Rehana, Ismail, Fahja, Jackson, Jenny, Jackson, Michael, Jackson, Guy, Jacobs, Robyn, Jadhav, Poonam, Jalaly, Aisha, James, Lorraine, James, Monica, Jani, Surekha, Jeganathan, Chandran, Joannides, Claire, Johnson, Robert, Johnson, Thosa, Johnston, Carolyn, Jones, Reeanne, Jones, Tom, Kadr, Miran, Kainth, Rasmeet, Kane, Jenna, Kanji, Rafiq, Kannanparambil, Sunil, Kar, Girish, Kasianandan, Theanalli, Kaskos, Husam, Kavanagh, Lisa, Kaye, Richard, Kelliher, Leith, Kelliot, Serena, Kelly, Jemma, Kelly, Jenna, Kenyon, Carol, Kessack, Laura, Kestner, Samuel, Khaku, Mohammed, Khaleeq, Sophia, Khan, Pervaz, Khan, Sabeen, Kidwai, Usamah, King, Christopher, King, Helen, Kingston, Elizabeth, Kok, Waisun, Konig, Rebekka, Konstantinova, Zheyna, Krishnan, Priya, Kua, Justin, Kuntumalla, Kavitha, Kursumovic, Emira, Kurzatkowski, Krzysztof, Kuttambakam, Hariprasad, Lane, Katherine, Lane, Sophie, Langton, Andrew, Latif, Hamad, Lau, Norlan, Laxman, Shyam, Laycock, Helen, Lee, Rachel, Leonardi, Silvia, Light, Karen, Lightfoot, Heidi, Liu, Shuang, Liyanage, Sanduni, Lowe, Jessica, Lucas, Nuala, Lungu, Miyoba, Lunn, Marianne, Lynes, Heather, Machavarapu, Kishore, Mackenzie, Matthew, Major, Jonathan, Male, Victoria, Malik, Zain, Manso, Katarina, Maquinana, Myrna, Marciniak, Katarzyna, Maronge, Lizzie, Marsh, Chris, Martella, Carmela, Martin, Nicki, Martins, Nicole, Marway, Jaspreet, Mason, Louisa, Mason, Lucy, Masood, Nadia, Masters, James, Maton-Howarth, Matthew, Mazzola, Francesca, McAllister, Tamsin, McCarthy, Rachel, McCormick, Claire, McCready, Sharon, McDougall, Steffan, Mcewan, Lorna, McGarry, Jon, McKevitt, Helen, Mckinley, Stephanie, Mckskeane, Anna, McMaster, Eloise, McMonagle, Martina, McNamara, Helen, McPhee, Hannah, McRae, Laura, Mead, Dee, Meadows, Emma, Mehta, Madhur, Meikle, Joanne, Metodiev, Yavor, Michael, Chloe, Millar, Victoria, Miller, Sarah, Miller, Gregg, Milne, Sezanne, Miltsios, Kostas, Misquita, Lucia, Misquita, Simone, Mittal, Manasi, Mohamed, Mohamed, Powell Monaghan, Katherine, Monk, Joanna, Monkhouse, Alexandra, Monks, David, Montague, Laura, Moon, Angela, Moran, Jennifer, Moreton, Annette, Morgan, Endaf, Morgan, Oliver, Morland, Danny, Morosan, Monica, Morris, Kimberley, Morris, Andrea, Moser, Clare, Mount, Manulella, Muir, Carol, Mupudzi, McDonald, Murali, Mayur, Murdoch, Iona, Murray, Heather, Murray, Theresa, Murrell, Karen, Narasimha Murthy, Girish, Neeley, Diana, Nei, Hannah, Neil, Kerry, Nejim, Tara, Nel, Mark, Nicholson, Anne, Nicklin, Angela, Nolan, Catherine, Nolan, Tracey, Nurmi, Eveliina, O'Neill, Bridie, Oakes, Christie, Oakes, Neil, Ochoa-Ferraro, Maria, Odeleye, Nike, Oliver, Katy, Oliver, Mark, Onslow, Julie, Onwochei, Desire, Oommen, Thomas, Orr, Tim, Osagie, Osato, Osborn, Hannah, Overend, Jennie, Owston, Hazel, Pack, Emma, Padhi, Pulak, Palani, Prabvathy, Pandey, Rajesh, Pandya, Dhruti, Panesar, Navjot, Papageorgiou, Con, Papanastasiou, Georgios, Papoutsos, Costas, Pararajasingham, Suji, Parry, James, Patel, Hasita, Patel, Jaishel, Patel, Jiten, Patel, Kaumudi, Patel, Kiran, Patel, Mitul, Patel, Reshma, Patel, Ruchira, Patel, Nimisha, Pathak, Sangeeta, Pearson, Fiona, Peciulene, Viktorija, Peers, Beth, Peirce, Benjamin, Pepper, Stacey, Perinpanayagam, Jasmina, Perry, Hollie, Petrova, Nadya, Phillips, Trudie, Phillips, Sioned, Phylactides, Leonidas, Pilkington, Felicity, Plumb, James, Poimenidi, Evangelia, Sau Kuk Poon, Anna, Potter, Thomas, Poultney, Una, Powell, Lucy, Prenter, Andrew, Preston, Katie, Price, Anna, Pritchard, Naomi, Pullen, Jenny, Purohit, Manishi, Quamina, Charlotte, Qureshi, Jibran, Rajput, Zahra, Ramage, Stephen, Ramanathan, Tamilselvi, Ranasinghe, Upeka, Ranatunga, Kalum, Rand, Abby, Randive, Seema, Rangarajan, Desikan, Rao, Chandana, Rao Pelluri, Sambasiva, Ratnasingham, Antony, Razzaque, Jamil, Reddy, Anuvidya, Redington, Katie, Reel, Emma, Remeta, Peter, Ricco, Francesca, Riccoboni, Anna, Rice, Polly, Rich, Mel, Richards, Nicole, Riches, Joanne, Ripoll, Simon, Roberts, Fleur, Roberts, Kitty, Robins, Kay, Robinson, Susie, Roche, Samantha, Rojo, Maria, Carmela Romano, Milena, Rosser, Hilary, Roughley, Lindsay, Routley, Catriona, Rowley, Christine, Rudra, Pallab, Russell, Robin, Ryan, Christine, Saad, Chloe, Sadeghi, Abtin, Salberg, Armorel, Samuel, Matt, Samuels, Rebecca, Sanapala, Suresh, Sanusi, Seliat, Sarao, Sarbpreet, Sathyabhama, Sathyabhama, Saunders, Zoe, Sawarzynska-ryszka, Bernadetta, Sceales, Panagiota, Sceales, Penny, Schumacher, Natasha, Schwartz, Nuala, Sellers, Claudia, Sellers, Heather, Sellick, Jessica, Sen, Soumen, Senaratne, Dhaneesha, Senbeto, Sarah, Seneviratna, Dineth, Setty, Thunga, Shah, Raj, Shah, Sonia, Shambly, James, Sharafudeen. Imran Sharieff, Saju, Sharifi, Laurence, Sharpe, Lisa, Shaw, Michael, Sheldrake, Ian, Shinde, Priya, Shonfeld. Jonathon Short, Adam, Siah, Julian, Sibug. Omar Siddique, Sheena, Siew, Sara, Simpson, Matthew, Singleton, Georgina, Sinha, Kathryn, Sinha, Aneeta, Sinnott, Matthew, Sivadhas, Harry, Sivakumar, Sivanth, Sivarajan, Boopathi, Sivarajan, Sinduja, Skeoch, Chris, Slade, Samuel, Slater, Paul, Smith, Camilla, Smith, Carys, Smith, Christopher, Smith, James, Smith, Lorraine, Smith, Annika, Smith, Edward, Smith, Ruth, Smith, Sue, Smith, Tim, Smithers, Helen, Smolen, Sue, Smyth, Claire, Snel, Toni, Snipe, Carol, Soltanifar, Sam, Sonawane, Nilesh, Soundararaja, Andal, Spence, Emily, Spiliopoulos, Mark, Srivastava, Chhavi, Stacey, Karen, Stafford, Helena, Staines, Nikki, Stead, Richard, Stevens, Emma, Stilwell, Alex, Stocks, Gary, Stokes, Aaron, Stone, Christopher, Straughan, Ben, Subbarathnam, Vanitha, Sudunagunta, Srinath, Sultan, Pervez, Suppiah, Puvan, Surve, Priyanka, Sutherland, Angus, Swanton, Rob, Swarbrick, Claire, Swinson, Amy, Syrrakou, Eleni, Tadbiri, Shahrzad, Tamhane, Preetam, Tamilselvan, Perumal, Tan, Andrew, Tanna, Shamil, Tarft, Hayley, Tarry, Laura, Taylor, Ian, Taylor, Suzanne, Tebbot, Julie, Theron, Svetlana, Thomas, Megan, Todd, Sarah, Tolliday, Hermione, Topham, Charlotte, Tovell, Nicholas, Traves, Martyn, Trodd, Dawn, Tufchi, Aseem, Turley, Katie, Turnbull, Marc, Turnbull, Chris, Turner, Oliver, Turner, William, Turney, Sharon, Tyagi, Eleanor, Uncles, David, Unsworth, Vanessa, Vadnere, Pradnya, Varadan, Rama, Vasishta, Vik, Veal, Andrew, Vedham, Lalitha, Venkaya, Jessica, Verghese, Miriam, Veronica, Icel, Vidanagamage, Dinesh, Vincent, Rachel, Vyapury, Vinodhan, Wain, Harris, Walbridge, Fiona, Walker, Elaine, Walsh, Pete, Walshe, Eleanor, Walters, Michelle, Wan, Yize, Wang, Cherry, Wankhade, Kavita, Waters, Gareth, Watts, Christopher, Webber, Alex, Wedgwood, Tom, Wee, Michael, Wellstead, Susan, White, Alison, Whitear, Michael, Whitefield, Lucy, Wilkinson, Sarah, Williams, Lauren, Williams, Rhys, Wilson, Dawn, Wilson, Samantha, Wimble, Katie, Winkley, Elaine, Winslow, Luke, Winwright, Paul, Wloch, Karolina, Wong, Gideon, Wong, Hannah, Man Wong, Jan, Wood, Tim, Wray, Sarah, Wrench, Ian, Wu, James, Wynn, Kynn, Yap, Yeng, Kuan Yeow, Chia, Young, Emily, Yusaf, Alex, Uz Zafar, Saeed, Zeinali, Darius, Zhang, Sheldon, Zope, Sarvesh, Zucco, Liana, Anwar, Sibtain, Blunt, Nadia, Cronin, John, Grover, Vimal, Grailey, Kate, Grey, Martin, Highton, David, Hopkins, Phil, Kemp, Harriet, Lo, Queenie, Martin, Daniel, Morkane, Clare, O'Carroll, James, Oliver, Charles, Post, Benjamin, Visram, Anil, Wickham, Alex, Odor, P.M., Bampoe, S., Lucas, D.N., Moonesinghe, S.R., Andrade, J., and Pandit, J.J.

Published
2020
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14. They Can Have Our Cake -- But Can We Eat It? Access to Raw Genomic Data under Australian Privacy Law.

Author

Johnston, Carolyn, Nielsen, Jane, Cowley, Mark J., McWhirter, Rebekah, and Otlowski, Margaret

Subjects
GENETIC research laws, DATA security, GENOMICS, HUMAN research subjects, GENETIC privacy, BIOINFORMATICS, ACCESS to information
Abstract

There is an increasing demand for the return of raw genomic data by research participants in translational genomic research. This article discusses the scope and application of privacy and freedom of information legislative provisions in Australia. Whether there is a right to access a copy of such data under Australian privacy legislation is contingent on whether raw genomic data can identify an individual and this article explores the opportunities for genomic data to be linked to individuals. We conclude that despite the complexity and overlapping nature of privacy laws in Australia, there is a clear right on the part of research participants to access their raw genomic data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023

15. Consensus Guidelines for Perioperative Care for Emergency Laparotomy Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) Society Recommendations Part 2—Emergency Laparotomy: Intra- and Postoperative Care.

Author

Scott, Michael J., Aggarwal, Geeta, Aitken, Robert J., Anderson, Iain D., Balfour, Angie, Foss, Nicolai Bang, Cooper, Zara, Dhesi, Jugdeep K., French, W. Brenton, Grant, Michael C., Hammarqvist, Folke, Hare, Sarah P., Havens, Joaquim M., Holena, Daniel N., Hübner, Martin, Johnston, Carolyn, Kim, Jeniffer S., Lees, Nicholas P., Ljungqvist, Olle, and Lobo, Dileep N.

Subjects
PERIOPERATIVE care, POSTOPERATIVE care, SURGERY, ENHANCED recovery after surgery protocol, ABDOMINAL surgery, ELECTIVE surgery
Abstract

Background: This is Part 2 of the first consensus guidelines for optimal care of patients undergoing emergency laparotomy (EL) using an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) approach. This paper addresses intra- and postoperative aspects of care. Methods: Experts in aspects of management of high-risk and emergency general surgical patients were invited to contribute by the International ERAS® Society. PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Medline database searches were performed for ERAS elements and relevant specific topics. Studies on each item were selected with particular attention to randomized clinical trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and large cohort studies and reviewed and graded using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Recommendations were made on the best level of evidence, or extrapolation from studies on elective patients when appropriate. A modified Delphi method was used to validate final recommendations. Some ERAS® components covered in other guideline papers are outlined only briefly, with the bulk of the text focusing on key areas pertaining specifically to EL. Results: Twenty-three components of intraoperative and postoperative care were defined. Consensus was reached after three rounds of a modified Delphi Process. Conclusions: These guidelines are based on best available evidence for an ERAS® approach to patients undergoing EL. These guidelines are not exhaustive but pull together evidence on important components of care for this high-risk patient population. As much of the evidence is extrapolated from elective surgery or emergency general surgery (not specifically laparotomy), many of the components need further evaluation in future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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20. Legal Liability of Clinical Ethics Services in Australia: "Should I Be More Worried Than I Am?".

Author

Feldman, Sharon L. and Johnston, Carolyn

Subjects
MEDICAL ethics consultation, LEGAL liability, DECISION making, ETHICS committees, NEGLIGENCE
Abstract

A key function of clinical ethics services (CESs) is to provide decision-making support to health care providers in ethically challenging cases. Cases referred for ethics consultation are likely to involve diverging views or conflict, or to confront the boundaries of appropriate medical practice. Such cases might also attract legal action due to their contentious nature. As CESs become more prevalent in Australia, this article considers the potential legal liability of a CES and its members. With no reported litigation against a CES in Australia, we look to international experience and first principles. We consider the prospects of a claim in negligence, the most likely legal action against a CES, through application of legal principles to a hypothetical case scenario. We conclude that, although unlikely to be successful at this time, a CES could face answerable claims in negligence brought by patients (and families) who are the subject of ethics case consultation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023

31. Our Readers Write: What's a Good Way of Using the Newspaper in English Classes?

Author

Hellman, Sally G., Tucker, Sally, Reed, Keflyn X., Gruhle, Sandra L., Stelk, Robert M., Coxson, Betty, Miller, Elizabeth, Eidenier, Betty, Beggs, Mary-Ann, Johnston, Carolyn S., Lutz, Diane Talbot, Frazier, Alexander S., Parisi, Claudia, Jones, Beverly P., Caperton, Irene, Kramer, Fred, Seiden, Betty Bobo, Sweig, Iris, Miller-Boal, Lynnette D., and DeGeronimo, Theresa Foy

Published
1985
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35. Overriding competent medical treatment refusal by adolescents: when 'no' means 'no'

Author

Johnston, Carolyn

Subjects
Right to refuse treatment -- Laws, regulations and rules, Teenagers -- Health aspects, Teenagers -- Care and treatment, Youth -- Health aspects, Youth -- Care and treatment, Decision-making -- Management, Decision-making -- Health aspects, Medicine -- Practice, Medicine -- Laws, regulations and rules, Government regulation, Company business management
Published
2009

36. Health-related quality of life among cervical cancer survivors at a tertiary hospital in Ghana.

Author

Amo-Antwi, Kwabena, Agambire, Ramatu, Konney, Thomas O., Nguah, Samuel B., Dassah, Edward T., Nartey, Yvonne, Appiah-Kubi, Adu, Tawiah, Augustine, Tannor, Elliot K., Peprah, Amponsah, Ansah, Mavis Bobie, Sam, Daniel, Akakpo, Patrick K., Ankobea, Frank, Djokoto, Rex M., Idun, Maame Y. K., Opare-Addo, Henry S., Opoku, Baafour K., Odoi, Alexander T., and Johnston, Carolyn

Subjects
CERVICAL cancer, BODY image, QUALITY of life, CANCER survivors, CERVICAL cancer diagnosis, APPETITE loss
Abstract

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the second most common female cancer in Ghana. The disease and its treatment significantly affect survivors' health-related quality of life (HRQoL). We determined the overall quality of life (QoL) and identified its predictors among cervical cancer survivors after treatment. Materials and methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 153 disease-free cervical cancer survivors who completed curative treatment between January 2004 and December 2018 at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) in Kumasi, Ghana. We used the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer core-30 item (EORTC QLQ-C30) and cervical cancer module (EORTC QLQ-CX24) to assess the survivors' overall QoL. QoL domain scores were dichotomised as affected or unaffected by disease and its treatment. Significant differences between the affected and unaffected groups within each QoL domain were determined using the student T-test. We used Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's tests to examine the difference in QoL domains between treatment types, with significance based on Bonferroni corrections. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of overall QoL. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: One hundred and fifty-three (153) women having a mean age of 58.3 (SD 11.4) years were studied. The overall QoL score was 79.6 (SD 16.0), and 74.5% of survivors reported good QoL score within the median follow up time of 41.8 months (interquartile range [IQR], 25.5–71.1 months) after cervical cancer diagnosis. Although the majority (66.0–84.3%) of the QoL functioning scale were unaffected, about a fifth (22.2%) to a third (34.5%) of the subjects had perceptual impairment in cognitive and role functioning. Financial difficulties, peripheral neuropathy and pain were most common symptoms reported as affected. A third of the survivors were worried that sex would be painful, and 36.6% indicated that their sexual activity as affected. The overall QoL scores for survivors who had surgery, chemoradiation and radiation-alone were 86.1 (SD 9.7), 76.9 (SD 17.7), and 80.7 (SD 14.7), respectively (p = 0.025). The predictors of survivor's overall QoL were loss of appetite [Adjusted Odd Ratio (AOR) = 9.34, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 2.13–35.8, p = 0.001], pain (AOR = 3.53, 95% CI = 1.25–9.31, p = 0.017) and body image (AOR = 5.89, 95% CI = 1.80–19.27, p = 0.003). Conclusion: About 75% of the survivors had a good overall quality of life. Primary surgical treatment affords the best prospects for quality of life with the least symptom complaints and financial burden. Loss of appetite, pain or diminution in body image perception predicted the overall quality of life of cervical cancer survivors after treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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37. Factors associated with late-stage presentation of cervical cancer in Ghana.

Author

Appiah-Kubi, Adu, Konney, Thomas O., Amo-Antwi, Kwabena, Tawiah, Augustine, Nti, Maxwell K., Ankobea-Kokroe, Frank, Bell, Sarah G., Appiah-Kubi, Priscilla K., Johnston, Carolyn, and Lawrence, Emma R.

Subjects
CERVICAL cancer, HEALTH facilities, CANCER patients, SYMPTOMS
Abstract

Objective: To explore factors associated with late clinical presentation among Ghanaian women with cervical cancer Design: This is a cross-sectional survey using a paper questionnaire. Setting: Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) in Kumasi, Ghana. Participants: Participants were women presenting for cervical cancer care at KATH. Inclusion criteria were histologically diagnosed cervical cancer and age ≥18 years. The exclusion criteria was age <18. All women presenting from August 2018-August 2019 were recruited. Main outcome measures: The primary outcome was the proportion of participants presenting with late-stage cervical cancer, defined as stage II or higher. Results: Of 351 total participants, 33.6% were unemployed, 35.3% had no formal education, and 96.6% had an average monthly income of less than five hundred Ghana cedis ($86 USD). Time from symptoms to seeing a doctor ranged from fewer than two weeks (16.0%) to more than twelve months (8.6%). Participants' most common barrier in seeking healthcare was financial constraints (50.0%). Most participants presented at late-stage cervical cancer (95.2%, n=334), with only 4.8% (n=17) presenting at stage I. Of participants presenting with late-stage cervical cancer, the vast majority had never had a Papanicolaou (Pap) smear (99.1%) nor a recent gynecologic exam (99.3%). After adjusting for age, parity, and distance to a healthcare facility, a late-stage presentation was associated with lower income and living in a rural area. Conclusions: In Ghana, 95% of women with cervical cancer seek care at a late clinical stage, defined as stage II or greater, when the cancer is inoperable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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46. Nurse‐Family Partnership nurses' attitudes and confidence in identifying and responding to intimate partner violence: An explanatory sequential mixed methods evaluation.

Author

Jack, Susan M., Kimber, Melissa, Davidov, Danielle, Ford‐Gilboe, Marilyn, Wathen, C. Nadine, McKee, Christine, Tanaka, Masako, Boyle, Michael, Johnston, Carolyn, Coben, Jeffrey, Gasbarro, Mariarosa, McNaughton, Diane, O'Brien, Ruth, Olds, David L., Scribano, Philip, and MacMillan, Harriet L.

Subjects
NURSING education, EXPERIMENTAL design, NURSES' attitudes, CONFIDENCE, SEQUENCE analysis, CONFIDENCE intervals, MEDICAL personnel, QUANTITATIVE research, INTIMATE partner violence, PATIENTS' families, T-test (Statistics), RANDOMIZED controlled trials, REPEATED measures design, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, CHI-squared test, CLUSTER analysis (Statistics), DATA analysis software
Abstract

Aims: To evaluate the effect of an intimate partner violence intervention education component on nurses' attitudes in addressing intimate partner violence; complementary aims included understanding nurses' perceptions of the education and how it influenced their attitudes and confidence to address intimate partner violence in practice. Design: An explanatory sequential mixed methods design embedded within a 15‐site cluster randomized clinical trial that evaluated an intimate partner violence intervention within the Nurse‐Family Partnership programme. Methods: Data were collected between February 2011 and September 2016. Quantitative assessment of nurses' attitudes about addressing intimate partner violence was completed by nurses in the intervention (n = 77) and control groups (n = 101) at baseline, 12 months and at study closure using the Public Health Nurses' Responses to Women Who Are Abused Scale. Qualitative data were collected from nurses in the intervention group at two timepoints (n = 14 focus groups) and focused on their perceptions of the education component. Data were analysed using content analysis. Results: Nurses in the intervention group reported large improvements in their thoughts, feelings and perceived behaviours related to addressing intimate partner violence; a strong effect of the education was found from baseline to 12 months and baseline to study closure timepoints. Nurses reported that the education component was acceptable and increased their confidence to address intimate partner violence. Conclusion: Nurses reported improved attitudes about and confidence in addressing intimate partner violence after receiving the education component. However, these findings need to be considered together with trial results showing no main effects for clients, and a low level of intervention fidelity. Impact: These evaluation findings underscore that improvement in nurses' self‐reported educational outcomes about addressing intimate partner violence cannot be assumed to result in adherence to intervention implementation or improvement in client outcomes. These are important considerations for developing nurse education on intimate partner violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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48. An Assessment of Gynecological Cytology Screening Practices Among Health Care Providers Nationwide

Author

Darwish-Yassine, May, Garvin, Ann D., Johnston, Carolyn M., Zoschnick, Lauren, Conners, Amy, Laing, Shannon, and Wojcik, Christopher

Subjects
Nurse practitioners -- Surveys -- Analysis, Cervical cancer -- Analysis, Papillomavirus infections -- Analysis, Cancer screening -- Analysis, Midwives -- Surveys -- Analysis, Women's health -- Analysis, Preventive medicine -- Analysis, Medical societies -- Analysis, Family medicine -- Analysis, Medical care quality -- Analysis, Task forces -- Analysis, Health
Abstract

Context.--The Michigan Public Health Institute and the Michigan Cancer Consortium's Cervical Cancer Committee conducted a national survey of health care providers, thanks to funding from the Centers for Disease Control Cooperative Agreement 5U47CI000743-02. Papanicolaou test screening practices were examined, emphasizing the relationship between clinical and laboratory practices. This survey found differing screening practices among providers of women's health care. Objectives.--To collect information from family medicine practitioners, women's nurse practitioners, obstetricians and gynecologists, and certified nurse-midwives on Papanicolaou and human papillomavirus testing; to discuss how those practices align with current cytology screening and follow-up recommendations from professional organizations (US Preventive Services Task Force, American Cancer Society, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, and American Society for Colposcopy, and Cervical Pathology); and ultimately, to make recommendations aimed at standardizing practice performance. Design.--This survey was conducted in part to examine clinicians' practices and their perceptions of laboratory performance, to evaluate items that are known to enhance quality of care, and to examine factors that may prohibit universal implementation of best standards of care. The survey used a self-administered questionnaire, distributed to 9366 clinicians, with 1601 (17.1%) completed surveys. Results.--This assessment shows a clear lack of consensus among practitioners in performing Papanicolaou testing. It demonstrates how differently patients are tested, based on the providers' screening practices, and demonstrates specific cervical cancer screening practice disparities between and among the 4 provider groups, both in Papanicolaou testing and in the use of human papillomavirus testing. Conclusion.--A unified mandate for screening is needed to standardize screening practices. (Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2015;139:650-655; doi: 10.5858/arpa.2013-0620-OA), Worldwide, cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women. (1) The United States has an overall incidence of 7.8 per 100 000 women per year (2) and an [...]

Published
2015
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50. Eastern Band Cherokee Women: Cultural Persistence in their Letters and Speeches

Author

Johnston, Carolyn Ross

Subjects
A Cherokee Woman's America: Memoirs of Narcissa Owen, 1831-1907 (Book) -- Kilcup, Karen L. -- Brandon, Stephen, Eastern Band Cherokee Women: Cultural Persistence in Their Letters and Speeches (Book) -- Carney, Virginia Moore, Books -- Book reviews, History, Regional focus/area studies
Abstract

Eastern Band Cherokee Women: Cultural Persistence in Their Letters and Speeches. By Virginia Moore Carney. (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2005. Pp. xvii, 230. $32.00, ISBN 1-57233-332-4.) A Cherokee Woman's [...]

Published
2007

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