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2,620 results on '"Jensen, Henrik"'

1. Avian and Human Influenza A Virus Receptors in Bovine Mammary Gland

Author

Kristensen, Charlotte, Jensen, Henrik E., Trebbien, Ramona, Webby, Richard J., and Larsen, Lars E.

Subjects
Avian influenza, Avian influenza viruses, Dairy cattle, Infection, Resveratrol, Lectins, Disease susceptibility, Galactose, Health
Abstract

Influenza A virus (IAV) is a negative, single-stranded RNA virus. Viral evolution has enabled some IAVs to cross species barriers and to be established in humans and various mammals (1). [...]

Published
2024
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4. An inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine based on a Vero cell culture-adapted high-titer virus confers cross-protection in small animals

Author

Offersgaard, Anna, Duarte Hernandez, Carlos R., Zhou, Yuyong, Duan, Zhe, Gammeltoft, Karen Anbro, Hartmann, Katrine T., Fahnøe, Ulrik, Marichal-Gallardo, Pavel, Alzua, Garazi Peña, Underwood, Alexander P., Sølund, Christina, Weis, Nina, Bonde, Jesper Hansen, Christensen, Jan P., Pedersen, Gabriel K., Jensen, Henrik Elvang, Holmbeck, Kenn, Bukh, Jens, and Gottwein, Judith Margarete

Published
2024
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5. The effect of robot-assisted versus standard training on motor function following subacute rehabilitation after ischemic stroke – protocol for a randomised controlled trial nested in a prospective cohort (RoboRehab)

Author

Skovgaard Jensen, Jon, Sørensen, Anders Stengaard, Kruuse, Christina, Nielsen, Helle Hvilsted, Skov, Cecilie Dollerup, Jensen, Henrik Boye, Buckwalter, Marion S., Bojsen-Møller, Jens, Lambertsen, Kate Lykke, and Holsgaard-Larsen, Anders

Published
2024
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10. Psychedelics and schizophrenia: Distinct alterations to Bayesian inference.

Author

Rajpal, Hardik, Mediano, Pedro, Rosas, Fernando, Timmermann, Christopher, Brugger, Stefan, Muthukumaraswamy, Suresh, Seth, Anil, Bor, Daniel, Jensen, Henrik, and Carhart-Harris, Robin

Subjects
Information theory, Predictive processing, Psychedelics, Schizophrenia, Humans, Hallucinogens, Schizophrenia, Bayes Theorem, Brain, Ketamine
Abstract

Schizophrenia and states induced by certain psychotomimetic drugs may share some physiological and phenomenological properties, but they differ in fundamental ways: one is a crippling chronic mental disease, while the others are temporary, pharmacologically-induced states presently being explored as treatments for mental illnesses. Building towards a deeper understanding of these different alterations of normal consciousness, here we compare the changes in neural dynamics induced by LSD and ketamine (in healthy volunteers) against those associated with schizophrenia, as observed in resting-state M/EEG recordings. While both conditions exhibit increased neural signal diversity, our findings reveal that this is accompanied by an increased transfer entropy from the front to the back of the brain in schizophrenia, versus an overall reduction under the two drugs. Furthermore, we show that these effects can be reproduced via different alterations of standard Bayesian inference applied on a computational model based on the predictive processing framework. In particular, the effects observed under the drugs are modelled as a reduction of the precision of the priors, while the effects of schizophrenia correspond to an increased precision of sensory information. These findings shed new light on the similarities and differences between schizophrenia and two psychotomimetic drug states, and have potential implications for the study of consciousness and future mental health treatments.

Published
2022

12. Greater than the parts: a review of the information decomposition approach to causal emergence

Author

Mediano, Pedro AM, Rosas, Fernando E, Luppi, Andrea I, Jensen, Henrik J, Seth, Anil K, Barrett, Adam B, Carhart-Harris, Robin L, and Bor, Daniel

Subjects
Commerce, Management, Tourism and Services, Business Systems In Context, Physical Sciences, Causality, Consciousness, Models, Theoretical, Neurons, synergy, emergence, information decomposition, General Science & Technology
Abstract

Emergence is a profound subject that straddles many scientific disciplines, including the formation of galaxies and how consciousness arises from the collective activity of neurons. Despite the broad interest that exists on this concept, the study of emergence has suffered from a lack of formalisms that could be used to guide discussions and advance theories. Here, we summarize, elaborate on, and extend a recent formal theory of causal emergence based on information decomposition, which is quantifiable and amenable to empirical testing. This theory relates emergence with information about a system's temporal evolution that cannot be obtained from the parts of the system separately. This article provides an accessible but rigorous introduction to the framework, discussing the merits of the approach in various scenarios of interest. We also discuss several interpretation issues and potential misunderstandings, while highlighting the distinctive benefits of this formalism. This article is part of the theme issue 'Emergent phenomena in complex physical and socio-technical systems: from cells to societies'.

Published
2022

25. Characterization of DNA–protein complexes by nanoparticle tracking analysis and their association with systemic lupus erythematosus

Author

Juul-Madsen, Kristian, Troldborg, Anne, Wittenborn, Thomas R, Axelsen, Mads G, Zhao, Huaying, Klausen, Lasse H, Luecke, Stefanie, Paludan, Søren R, Stengaard-Pedersen, Kristian, Dong, Mingdong, Møller, Holger J, Thiel, Steffen, Jensen, Henrik, Schuck, Peter, Sutherland, Duncan S, Degn, Søren E, and Vorup-Jensen, Thomas

Subjects
Medical Biotechnology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Autoimmune Disease, Lupus, Bioengineering, Clinical Research, Nanotechnology, Genetics, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, Underpinning research, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Inflammatory and immune system, Generic health relevance, Adolescent, Adult, Animals, B-Lymphocytes, Biomarkers, DNA, Endothelium, Vascular, Humans, Inflammation, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic, Mannose-Binding Lectin, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Nanoparticles, Protein Binding, Proteins, Young Adult, nanotechnology&nbsp, autoimmunity&nbsp, mannan-binding lectin&nbsp, systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmunity, mannan-binding lectin, nanotechnology
Abstract

Nanotechnology enables investigations of single biomacromolecules, but technical challenges have limited the application in liquid biopsies, for example, blood plasma. Nonetheless, tools to characterize single molecular species in such samples represent a significant unmet need with the increasing appreciation of the physiological importance of protein structural changes at nanometer scale. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is an oligomeric plasma protein and part of the innate immune system through its ability to activate complement. MBL also serves a role as a scavenger for cellular debris, especially DNA. This may link functions of MBL with several inflammatory diseases in which cell-free DNA now appears to play a role, but mechanistic insight has been lacking. By making nanoparticle tracking analysis possible in human plasma, we now show that superoligomeric structures of MBL form nanoparticles with DNA. These oligomers correlate with disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. With the direct quantification of the hydrodynamic radius, calculations following the principles of Taylor dispersion in the blood stream connect the size of these complexes to endothelial inflammation, which is among the most important morbidities in lupus. Mechanistic insight from an animal model of lupus supported that DNA-stabilized superoligomers stimulate the formation of germinal center B cells and drive loss of immunological tolerance. The formation involves an inverse relationship between the concentration of MBL superoligomers and antibodies to double-stranded DNA. Our approach implicates the structure of DNA-protein nanoparticulates in the pathobiology of autoimmune diseases.

Published
2021

26. Discontinuation of dimethyl fumarate in multiple sclerosis - a nationwide study

Author

Roar, Malte, Nielsen, Amalie Rhode Høgh, Berg, Jonas Munksgaard, Sirakov, Georgi, Stilund, Morten, Schäfer, Jakob, Ratzer, Rikke, Frederiksen, Jette, Asgari, Nasrin, Ashna, Said Nasim, Jensen, Henrik Boye, Kant, Matthias, Theódorsdóttir, Ásta, Illes, Zsolt, Sellebjerg, Finn, Magyari, Melinda, Schlosser, Louise Mose, Nordborg, Hilde, Wergeland, Stig, and Sejbaek, Tobias

Published
2023
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29. Genetic analysis identifies the SLC4A3 anion exchanger as a major gene for short QT syndrome

Author

Christiansen, Morten Krogh, Kjær-Sørensen, Kasper, Clavsen, Natacha C., Dittmann, Sven, Jensen, Maja Fuhlendorff, Guldbrandsen, Halvor Østerby, Pedersen, Lisbeth Nørum, Sørensen, Rikke Hasle, Lildballe, Dorte Launholt, Müller, Klara, Müller, Patrick, Vogel, Kira, Rudic, Boris, Borggrefe, Martin, Oxvig, Claus, Aalkjær, Christian, Schulze-Bahr, Eric, Matchkov, Vladimir, Bundgaard, Henning, and Jensen, Henrik Kjærulf

Published
2023
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30. Reconciling emergences: An information-theoretic approach to identify causal emergence in multivariate data

Author

Rosas, Fernando E, Mediano, Pedro AM, Jensen, Henrik J, Seth, Anil K, Barrett, Adam B, Carhart-Harris, Robin L, and Bor, Daniel

Subjects
Animals, Behavior, Animal, Birds, Causality, Computational Biology, Computer Simulation, Haplorhini, Humans, Information Theory, Models, Biological, Models, Statistical, Multivariate Analysis, Neurophysiology, Mathematical Sciences, Biological Sciences, Information and Computing Sciences, Bioinformatics
Abstract

The broad concept of emergence is instrumental in various of the most challenging open scientific questions-yet, few quantitative theories of what constitutes emergent phenomena have been proposed. This article introduces a formal theory of causal emergence in multivariate systems, which studies the relationship between the dynamics of parts of a system and macroscopic features of interest. Our theory provides a quantitative definition of downward causation, and introduces a complementary modality of emergent behaviour-which we refer to as causal decoupling. Moreover, the theory allows practical criteria that can be efficiently calculated in large systems, making our framework applicable in a range of scenarios of practical interest. We illustrate our findings in a number of case studies, including Conway's Game of Life, Reynolds' flocking model, and neural activity as measured by electrocorticography.

Published
2020

32. Revision and Update of the Consensus Definitions of Invasive Fungal Disease From the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and the Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium

Author

Donnelly, J Peter, Chen, Sharon C, Kauffman, Carol A, Steinbach, William J, Baddley, John W, Verweij, Paul E, Clancy, Cornelius J, Wingard, John R, Lockhart, Shawn R, Groll, Andreas H, Sorrell, Tania C, Bassetti, Matteo, Akan, Hamdi, Alexander, Barbara D, Andes, David, Azoulay, Elie, Bialek, Ralf, Bradsher, Robert W, Bretagne, Stephane, Calandra, Thierry, Caliendo, Angela M, Castagnola, Elio, Cruciani, Mario, Cuenca-Estrella, Manuel, Decker, Catherine F, Desai, Sujal R, Fisher, Brian, Harrison, Thomas, Heussel, Claus Peter, Jensen, Henrik E, Kibbler, Christopher C, Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P, Kullberg, Bart-Jan, Lagrou, Katrien, Lamoth, Frédéric, Lehrnbecher, Thomas, Loeffler, Jurgen, Lortholary, Olivier, Maertens, Johan, Marchetti, Oscar, Marr, Kieren A, Masur, Henry, Meis, Jacques F, Morrisey, C Orla, Nucci, Marcio, Ostrosky-Zeichner, Luis, Pagano, Livio, Patterson, Thomas F, Perfect, John R, Racil, Zdenek, Roilides, Emmanuel, Ruhnke, Marcus, Prokop, Cornelia Schaefer, Shoham, Shmuel, Slavin, Monica A, Stevens, David A, Thompson, George R, Vazquez, Jose A, Viscoli, Claudio, Walsh, Thomas J, Warris, Adilia, Wheat, L Joseph, White, P Lewis, Zaoutis, Theoklis E, and Pappas, Peter G

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Cancer, Prevention, Clinical Research, Good Health and Well Being, Antifungal Agents, Consensus, Humans, Immunocompromised Host, Invasive Fungal Infections, Mycoses, Neoplasms, consensus, definitions, invasive fungal diseases, diagnosis, research, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Microbiology, Clinical sciences
Abstract

BackgroundInvasive fungal diseases (IFDs) remain important causes of morbidity and mortality. The consensus definitions of the Infectious Diseases Group of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and the Mycoses Study Group have been of immense value to researchers who conduct clinical trials of antifungals, assess diagnostic tests, and undertake epidemiologic studies. However, their utility has not extended beyond patients with cancer or recipients of stem cell or solid organ transplants. With newer diagnostic techniques available, it was clear that an update of these definitions was essential.MethodsTo achieve this, 10 working groups looked closely at imaging, laboratory diagnosis, and special populations at risk of IFD. A final version of the manuscript was agreed upon after the groups' findings were presented at a scientific symposium and after a 3-month period for public comment. There were several rounds of discussion before a final version of the manuscript was approved.ResultsThere is no change in the classifications of "proven," "probable," and "possible" IFD, although the definition of "probable" has been expanded and the scope of the category "possible" has been diminished. The category of proven IFD can apply to any patient, regardless of whether the patient is immunocompromised. The probable and possible categories are proposed for immunocompromised patients only, except for endemic mycoses.ConclusionsThese updated definitions of IFDs should prove applicable in clinical, diagnostic, and epidemiologic research of a broader range of patients at high-risk.

Published
2020

33. Global guideline for the diagnosis and management of mucormycosis: an initiative of the European Confederation of Medical Mycology in cooperation with the Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium

Author

Cornely, Oliver A, Alastruey-Izquierdo, Ana, Arenz, Dorothee, Chen, Sharon CA, Dannaoui, Eric, Hochhegger, Bruno, Hoenigl, Martin, Jensen, Henrik E, Lagrou, Katrien, Lewis, Russell E, Mellinghoff, Sibylle C, Mer, Mervyn, Pana, Zoi D, Seidel, Danila, Sheppard, Donald C, Wahba, Roger, Akova, Murat, Alanio, Alexandre, Al-Hatmi, Abdullah MS, Arikan-Akdagli, Sevtap, Badali, Hamid, Ben-Ami, Ronen, Bonifaz, Alexandro, Bretagne, Stéphane, Castagnola, Elio, Chayakulkeeree, Methee, Colombo, Arnaldo L, Corzo-León, Dora E, Drgona, Lubos, Groll, Andreas H, Guinea, Jesus, Heussel, Claus-Peter, Ibrahim, Ashraf S, Kanj, Souha S, Klimko, Nikolay, Lackner, Michaela, Lamoth, Frederic, Lanternier, Fanny, Lass-Floerl, Cornelia, Lee, Dong-Gun, Lehrnbecher, Thomas, Lmimouni, Badre E, Mares, Mihai, Maschmeyer, Georg, Meis, Jacques F, Meletiadis, Joseph, Morrissey, C Orla, Nucci, Marcio, Oladele, Rita, Pagano, Livio, Pasqualotto, Alessandro, Patel, Atul, Racil, Zdenek, Richardson, Malcolm, Roilides, Emmanuel, Ruhnke, Markus, Seyedmousavi, Seyedmojtaba, Sidharthan, Neeraj, Singh, Nina, Sinko, János, Skiada, Anna, Slavin, Monica, Soman, Rajeev, Spellberg, Brad, Steinbach, William, Tan, Ban Hock, Ullmann, Andrew J, Vehreschild, Jörg J, Vehreschild, Maria JGT, Walsh, Thomas J, White, P Lewis, Wiederhold, Nathan P, Zaoutis, Theoklis, Chakrabarti, Arunaloke, and Group, Mucormycosis ECMM MSG Global Guideline Writing

Subjects
Clinical Research, Good Health and Well Being, Disease Management, Humans, Mucormycosis, Mucormycosis ECMM MSG Global Guideline Writing Group, Clinical Sciences, Medical Microbiology, Public Health and Health Services, Microbiology
Abstract

Mucormycosis is a difficult to diagnose rare disease with high morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis is often delayed, and disease tends to progress rapidly. Urgent surgical and medical intervention is lifesaving. Guidance on the complex multidisciplinary management has potential to improve prognosis, but approaches differ between health-care settings. From January, 2018, authors from 33 countries in all United Nations regions analysed the published evidence on mucormycosis management and provided consensus recommendations addressing differences between the regions of the world as part of the "One World One Guideline" initiative of the European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM). Diagnostic management does not differ greatly between world regions. Upon suspicion of mucormycosis appropriate imaging is strongly recommended to document extent of disease and is followed by strongly recommended surgical intervention. First-line treatment with high-dose liposomal amphotericin B is strongly recommended, while intravenous isavuconazole and intravenous or delayed release tablet posaconazole are recommended with moderate strength. Both triazoles are strongly recommended salvage treatments. Amphotericin B deoxycholate is recommended against, because of substantial toxicity, but may be the only option in resource limited settings. Management of mucormycosis depends on recognising disease patterns and on early diagnosis. Limited availability of contemporary treatments burdens patients in low and middle income settings. Areas of uncertainty were identified and future research directions specified.

Published
2019

35. An inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine induced cross-neutralizing persisting antibodies and protected against challenge in small animals

Author

Offersgaard, Anna, Duarte Hernandez, Carlos Rene, Feng, Shan, Marichal-Gallardo, Pavel, Holmbeck, Kenn, Pihl, Anne Finne, Fernandez-Antunez, Carlota, Alzua, Garazi Peña, Hartmann, Katrine Top, Pham, Long V., Zhou, Yuyong, Gammeltoft, Karen Anbro, Fahnøe, Ulrik, Schneider, Uffe Vest, Pedersen, Gabriel Kristian, Jensen, Henrik Elvang, Christensen, Jan Pravsgaard, Ramirez, Santseharay, Bukh, Jens, and Gottwein, Judith Margarete

Published
2023
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43. Coating of bone implants with silica, hyperbranched polyethyleneimine, and gentamicin prevents development of osteomyelitis in a porcine model

Author

Jensen, Louise Kruse, Jensen, Henrik Elvang, Blirup-Plum, Sophie Amalie, Bue, Mats, Hanberg, Pelle, Kvich, Lasse, Aalbæk, Bent, López, Yuly, Soto, Sara M., Douloudi, Marilina, Papageorgiou, Michaela, Nikoli, Eleni, Arkas, Michael, Gutiérrez-del-Río, Ignacio, López-Ibáñez, Sara, Villar, Claudio J., Lombó, Felipe, Gkomoza, Paraskevi, Kitsou, Ioanna, Tsetsekou, Athina, and Vardavoulias, Michalis

Published
2022
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