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BackgroundThe impression section integrates key findings of a radiology report but can be subjective and variable. We sought to fine-tune and evaluate an open-source Large Language Model (LLM) in automatically generating impressions from the remainder of a radiology report across different imaging modalities and hospitals.MethodsIn this institutional review board-approved retrospective study, we collated a dataset of CT, US, and MRI radiology reports from the University of California San Francisco Medical Center (UCSFMC) (n = 372,716) and the Zuckerberg San Francisco General (ZSFG) Hospital and Trauma Center (n = 60,049), both under a single institution. The Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation (ROUGE) score, an automatic natural language evaluation metric that measures word overlap, was used for automatic natural language evaluation. A reader study with five cardiothoracic radiologists was performed to more strictly evaluate the model's performance on a specific modality (CT chest exams) with a radiologist subspecialist baseline. We stratified the results of the reader performance study based on the diagnosis category and the original impression length to gauge case complexity.ResultsThe LLM achieved ROUGE-L scores of 46.51, 44.2, and 50.96 on UCSFMC and upon external validation, ROUGE-L scores of 40.74, 37.89, and 24.61 on ZSFG across the CT, US, and MRI modalities respectively, implying a substantial degree of overlap between the model-generated impressions and impressions written by the subspecialist attending radiologists, but with a degree of degradation upon external validation. In our reader study, the model-generated impressions achieved overall mean scores of 3.56/4, 3.92/4, 3.37/4, 18.29 s,12.32 words, and 84 while the original impression written by a subspecialist radiologist achieved overall mean scores of 3.75/4, 3.87/4, 3.54/4, 12.2 s, 5.74 words, and 89 for clinical accuracy, grammatical accuracy, stylistic quality, edit time, edit distance, and ROUGE-L score respectively. The LLM achieved the highest clinical accuracy ratings for acute/emergent findings and on shorter impressions.ConclusionsAn open-source fine-tuned LLM can generate impressions to a satisfactory level of clinical accuracy, grammatical accuracy, and stylistic quality. Our reader performance study demonstrates the potential of large language models in drafting radiology report impressions that can aid in streamlining radiologists' workflows.

In research using close-ended measures, people evaluate individuals labeled as having low self-esteem (LSE) more negatively than those with high self-esteem (HSE). The present research found participants’ open-ended descriptions of LSE and HSE were just as polarized. Although participants saw a negative side to HSE (self-absorption; Studies 1 and 2) and when directly prompted saw a positive side to LSE (humble; Study 2), they did not consistently apply these complementary perspectives when forming impressions of targets (Study 3). Instead, participants viewed HSE targets more positively across almost all traits. Although people can list a dark side to HSE and a bright side to LSE, when asked to form an impression, people see a halo on the heads of HSE targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study compares effects of expressive suppression to a less researched form of expression-focused emotion regulation (namely, amplification) in terms of impact on authenticity and socioemotional outcomes. We expected amplification to result in more positive outcomes than suppression because of its role in facilitating communication. Participants (N = 306) formed 153 previously unacquainted dyads and were randomly assigned to a suppression of expression, amplification of expression, or control condition. After discussing recent personal negative events, participants reported their subjective authenticity, emotional experience, and impressions of their partner. Results revealed that suppressors felt less authentic compared to amplifiers and participants in the control condition. Partners' perceptions of authenticity, however, did not differ across conditions, and only suppressors were rated as less likeable than those in the control condition. Consistent with prior work, amplification was unrelated to change in emotional experience, while suppression predicted decreased positive emotions from before to after the interaction. Building on prior work, these findings support the notion that expressive suppression can lead to interpersonal costs that hinder relationship formation, even though the inauthenticity suppression creates may largely go undetected by others. In contrast, amplification may serve as a relatively more adaptive expression-based strategy, at least in the context of non-close interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background The impression section integrates key findings of a radiology report but can be subjective and variable. We sought to fine-tune and evaluate an open-source Large Language Model (LLM) in automatically generating impressions from the remainder of a radiology report across different imaging modalities and hospitals. Methods In this institutional review board-approved retrospective study, we collated a dataset of CT, US, and MRI radiology reports from the University of California San Francisco Medical Center (UCSFMC) (n = 372,716) and the Zuckerberg San Francisco General (ZSFG) Hospital and Trauma Center (n = 60,049), both under a single institution. The Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation (ROUGE) score, an automatic natural language evaluation metric that measures word overlap, was used for automatic natural language evaluation. A reader study with five cardiothoracic radiologists was performed to more strictly evaluate the model’s performance on a specific modality (CT chest exams) with a radiologist subspecialist baseline. We stratified the results of the reader performance study based on the diagnosis category and the original impression length to gauge case complexity. Results The LLM achieved ROUGE-L scores of 46.51, 44.2, and 50.96 on UCSFMC and upon external validation, ROUGE-L scores of 40.74, 37.89, and 24.61 on ZSFG across the CT, US, and MRI modalities respectively, implying a substantial degree of overlap between the model-generated impressions and impressions written by the subspecialist attending radiologists, but with a degree of degradation upon external validation. In our reader study, the model-generated impressions achieved overall mean scores of 3.56/4, 3.92/4, 3.37/4, 18.29 s,12.32 words, and 84 while the original impression written by a subspecialist radiologist achieved overall mean scores of 3.75/4, 3.87/4, 3.54/4, 12.2 s, 5.74 words, and 89 for clinical accuracy, grammatical accuracy, stylistic quality, edit time, edit distance, and ROUGE-L score respectively. The LLM achieved the highest clinical accuracy ratings for acute/emergent findings and on shorter impressions. Conclusions An open-source fine-tuned LLM can generate impressions to a satisfactory level of clinical accuracy, grammatical accuracy, and stylistic quality. Our reader performance study demonstrates the potential of large language models in drafting radiology report impressions that can aid in streamlining radiologists’ workflows.

Artificial intelligence (AI) agents are increasingly being used as teammates, not just as tools, across many domains, and teammates’ moral behaviour can alter impressions of themselves and the team. How good, powerful, and active is an AI versus human team member engaging in an ethical or unethical behaviour? How good, powerful, and active is their team? To address these questions, we conduct four studies across three domains (chess, esports, and poetry composition) where participants rate their impressions of team members and teams presented in a scenario. In the scenario, a member of a hybrid team of 2 humans and 2 AIs is presented with an opportunity to cheat, and either does or does not. We manipulate which team member (AI vs human) is acting and the morality of that action (non-cheating vs cheating). Across the studies, results show that ethical behaviour significantly increases the goodness of the human more than the AI, and unethical behaviour significantly increases the power of the AI more than the human. However, there were no systematic human versus AI differences on team impressions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The forums of involuntary celibates (incels) are easily accessible and increasingly receiving attention from media, scholars, and non-incels, mostly for their troubling content against women. This study aimed to (a) qualitatively describe the different impressions of visitors and (b) quantitively examine the sociodemographic characteristics associated with the prevalence of each category of impressions. The sample comprised 390 adults (43% women; 2.56% self-identified incels; Mage = 26.86) who have visited incel forums at least once. They completed an online questionnaire on sexual inexperience in adulthood and described their impressions of incel forums in an open-ended question. An inductive content analysis revealed that impressions of incel forums were positioned on a continuum ranging from threat (39.53%) to shelter (11.90%) with four intermediate categories: incel forums as testimonies of dysfunctional thoughts (20.04%), incel forums perceived as odd (11.02%), ambivalent impressions (3.45%), and incel forums as gatherings of individuals with difficulties (14.14%). Chi-square analyses revealed that, among participants who perceive incel forums as a threat, women, other genders individuals, and non-incels were overrepresented compared to men and incels, who were more likely to perceive incel forums as a shelter. t-test analyses revealed that participants who perceived incel forums as a shelter were older at first sexual intercourse. These results suggest that incel forums are not perceived as dangerous by all outsiders and that those who have more positive impressions (i.e., men, late sexual starters) are those most likely to relate to them. The implications for future research and professional practice are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study aimed to develop a structured light scanning system with a planar mirror to enhance the digital full‐arch implant impression accuracy and to compare it with photogrammetry and intraoral scanner methods. Materials and Methods: An edentulous maxillary stone cast with six scan bodies was scanned as the reference model using a laboratory scanner. Three scanning modalities were compared (n = 10): (1) self‐developed structured light scanning with a mirror (SSLS); (2) intraoral scanner (IOS); and (3) photogrammetry system (PG). The scanners were stopped for 1 min after each scan. Six scan bodies were analysed within each scan model. Linear deviations between the scan bodies (1–2, 1–3, 1–4, 1–5, and 1–6) and 3D mucosal deviations were established. The overall deviation was calculated as the mean of all linear deviations. "Trueness" represented the discrepancy between the test and reference files, while "precision" denoted the consistency among the test files. Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests were used for statistical analyses. Results: Significant overall linear discrepancies were noted among the SSLS, PG, and IOS groups (p <.001). SSLS showed the best overall trueness and precision (6.6, 5.7 μm), followed by PG (58.4, 6.8 μm) and IOS (214.6, 329.1 μm). For the 3D mucosal deviation, the trueness (p <.001) and precision (p <.001) of the SSLS group were significantly better than those of the IOS group. Conclusions: The SSLS exhibited higher accuracy in determining the implant positions than the PG and IOS. Additionally, it demonstrated better accuracy in capturing the mucosa than IOS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Complete dentures offer the replacement of all missing teeth and surrounding tissues. Replacing the entire arch of missing teeth, the prosthesis is exclusively tissue-supported. Adapting a spacer during removable complete denture impression-making is one of the important steps. The success and failure of complete denture therapy are largely dependent upon the method by which the clinician records impressions. Many theories of impression have been proposed and the selective-pressure technique is one of the most widely used theories and has been used successfully. During the selective pressure technique, custom trays with different designs and materials spacers are used so that vulnerable tissues are relieved of undue stresses while stress-bearing areas are utilized properly. The current paper mainly describes some of the conventional wax spacers that may be used during impression making of removable complete denture prostheses.

The article examines the main economic conditions for the use and development of the economy of impressions in the countries of the world on the basis of the dynamics of official values of statistical indicators for 2018–2022: GDP per capita, according to which clustering of countries is carried out and clusters with low (in which Ukraine has fallen), medium and high values of this indicator are identified; the ratio of trade volumes (the amount of exports and imports) to GDP; the volume of foreign direct investment, and the unemployment rate. Based on the results of the analysis, it is concluded that in developed countries the economy of impressions has more favorable conditions for its development, while in Ukraine it is a necessary model for the post-war reproduction of socioeconomic relations, though the conditions for its development are complicated. Taking into account the above trends, the aim of the article is to identify the main economic conditions for the development of the economy of impressions in the countries of the world and in Ukraine and to formulate proposals for its spread in order to increase the activity of enterprises in the formation of added value and profit to improve the quality of life of the population in the post-war period. The economy of impressions develops when there is a sufficient level of competition between producers to make decisions about the purchase of products in their favor. Therefore, the article analyzes the index of global competitiveness of countries for 2022 and 2023, identifying the low place of Ukraine in this indicator, which can be increased on the basis of the development of institutional measures to improve the competitiveness of producers. The features of the formation of positive impressions are considered and conclusions are made about the need to increase their value in the price of products. The main conclusions of the article are as follows. The current stage of development of the world economic system is characterized by the emergence of new models of economic relations, which is associated with the globalization of economic flows, easier entry into foreign markets. One of the perspective models of world economic relations is the economy of impressions. The developed countries of the world have a more powerful potential for the development of the economy of impressions, while they need its development more due to the intensification of competition between national producers. In Ukraine, the socioeconomic situation before the war was quite favorable for the development of the economy of impressions, but still it was inferior to the developed countries of the world. As a result of the ongoing war, the situation has deteriorated significantly, therefore, in the period of post-war recovery, one of the national priorities should be the development of the economy of impressions as the most attractive model for intensifying economic and social relations, innovative development, and improving the quality of life of the population.

The aim of the article is to substantiate the system and strategic approaches to content marketing as a digital marketing tool, as well as to systematize the stages of content strategy, taking into account the planning of target customer impressions by stages of the consumer journey. The analysis of research by domestic and foreign scientists shows the lack of a system approach to content marketing and content strategy, the limitation of the possibilities of using content marketing, the not taking into account of the stages of the consumer journey in content marketing, the lack of focus on creating customer impressions of brands in the development of a content strategy. As a result of the study, system and strategic approaches to content marketing are substantiated. The types of content and its components are characterized. The stages of formation of the content strategy of the brand are allocated, which is defined as a comprehensive plan (program of actions) for the preparation, creation, distribution and expansion of valuable content for customers to create impressions, which ensures the attraction of new customers, increasing the loyalty of regular customers, growing defenders and promoters of the brand and, accordingly, achieving the goals of content marketing, digital marketing of the brand and business in general. The author allocates the place of the brand’s content strategy in its strategic set, which is subordinated to the business strategy, digital marketing strategy and communication strategy. It is proved that the formation of these strategies, taking into account the influence of environmental factors, is based on brand identity and has an impact on the brand image. For the effective implementation of the content strategy, the goals, content formats and relevant KPIs are systematized, recommendations for the use of content formats depending on the stages of the consumer journey are provided. Sections of the content plan are proposed and requirements for the development of effective content to create positive impressions of brand customers are formulated. Prospects for further research in this direction are systematization of brand content by spheres of identification of customer impressions (by types of economic activity).

Although social media has gained significant notoriety, there remains a "missing link" in examining engagement in the sport context. While the why, what, and whom have been explored, the where and when have received considerably less uptake. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to examine social media engagement for professional sports teams to determine optimal when and where points of user engagement, and the relationship between impressions and engagement. Over two billion data points from 108,124 Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter posts were collected from four professional sports teams between 2017 and 2019. Findings from a regression analysis indicate that both when and where variables significantly predicted impression, and findings from the correlation analysis indicate that impression and engagement are nearly identical. These findings show fan engagement in the context of professional sport teams, prompting scholars to consider the impacts of time and platform, and encourage practitioners to rethink posting on Twitter, the least engaging of the Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter platforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The voice is a variable and dynamic social tool with functional relevance for self-presentation, for example, during a job interview or courtship. Talkers adjust their voices flexibly to their situational or social environment. Here, we investigated how effectively intentional voice modulations can evoke trait impressions in listeners (Experiment 1), whether these trait impressions are recognizable (Experiment 2), and whether they meaningfully influence social interactions (Experiment 3). We recorded 40 healthy adult speakers' whilst speaking neutrally and whilst producing vocal expressions of six social traits (e.g., likeability, confidence). Multivariate ratings of 40 listeners showed that vocal modulations amplified specific trait percepts (Experiments 1 and 2), which could be explained by two principal components relating to perceived affiliation and competence. Moreover, vocal modulations increased the likelihood of listeners choosing the voice to be suitable for corresponding social goals (i.e., a confident rather than likeable voice to negotiate a promotion, Experiment 3). These results indicate that talkers modulate their voice along a common trait space for social navigation. Moreover, beyond reactive voice changes, vocal behaviour can be strategically used by talkers to communicate subtle information about themselves to listeners. These findings advance our understanding of non-verbal vocal behaviour for social communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Al-Adab / Al-ādāb is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of dentalTarget is the property of dentalTarget and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The world has been faced with changes in the digital era, especially in information communication, making it easier for humans to access various information. Whether in news, advertisements, radio broadcasts, film shows or dramas. Drama shows, especially dramas from Korea, are very popular among the public, seen from the birth of the Korean wave. The various themes raised made the storyline more diverse, one of which was the Times drama series, which picked up a reporter's story. So, the researchers are interested in researching the Times drama shows with the audience's interest in becoming reporters. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the Times drama program and the audience's interest in becoming a reporter. The theories used are the mass communication process, media exposure, and social learning. The quantitative correlational approach uses data collection techniques through questionnaires, observation, and literature. The questionnaire was distributed to 79 Faculty of Communication Unisba 2017 respondents and analyzed by statistical tests with the SPSS application. The results of this study obtained a correlation coefficient with the number 0,772. It can be interpreted that there is a strong relationship between drama shows and the variable of interest in being a reporter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anthropomorphism represents a central theoretical term in social robotics and human robot interaction (HRI) research. However, the research into anthropomorphism displays several conceptual problems that translate into methodological shortcomings. Here we report the results of a scoping review, which we conducted in order to explore (i) how the notion of 'anthropomorphism' is understood in HRI and social robotics research, and (ii) which assessment tools are used to assess anthropomorphism. Three electronic databases were searched; two independent reviewers were involved in the screening and data extraction process; a total of 57 studies were included in the final review which encompassed 43 different robots and 2947 participants. Across studies, researchers used seven different definitions of anthropomorphism and most commonly assessed the phenomenon by use of amended versions of existing questionnaires (n = 26 studies). Alternatively, idiosyncratic questionnaires were developed (n = 17 studies) which, as a qualitative thematic analysis of the individual questionnaire items revealed, addressed nine distinct themes (such as attribution of shared intentionality, attribution of personality etc.). We discuss these results relative to common standards of methodological maturity and arrive at the conclusion that the scope and heterogeneity of definitions and assessment tools of anthropomorphism in HRI hinders cross-study comparisons, while the lack of validated assessment tools might also affect the quality of results. To nurture reflection on these methodological challenges and increase comparability within the field we conclude by offering a set of reporting guidelines for research on anthropomorphism, as a first constructive effort to facilitate a coherent theory of anthropomorphism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Remote appearances for courtroom proceedings have become common practice in recent years. When a court participant appears remotely, they introduce new and often tangential cues as part of their video background. We have seen varying (and at times, controversial) background cues across virtual court members, with scholars and legal professionals noting the potential effects these cues may have on decisions and impressions (e.g. Bandes & Feigenson, 2020). Advice is often provided for how people should appear to virtual court, but this is often made with no direct link to empirical evidence. In this piece, we review psychological literature exploring how and why background cues may influence impressions and decision-making. In particular, we examine the role of cognitive factors such as schema activation and consequences for memory and truth assessment. We further consider social factors such as the connection between physical spaces and personality in shaping impression formation and decision-making. Finally, we highlight future research opportunities to target unanswered questions and ongoing innovations in virtual courts, in addition to considering policies and procedures that can be implemented to avoid background cue effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of College of Languages is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In their comprehensive review of research on impressions from faces, Sutherland and Young (this issue) highlight both the remarkable progress and the many challenges facing the field. We focus on two of the challenges: the need for generative, powerful models of impressions and the idiosyncratic nature of complex impressions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Students with marginalized identities can experience identity threats in higher education. Instructors can help improve student outcomes by using identity safety cues (ISCs), which signal to marginalized groups that their identities are valued. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine whether including ISCs in course syllabi could improve students' belonging-related outcomes and whether these outcomes differ based on instructor gender. Method: Using an experimental design, undergraduate students viewed a syllabus that included or excluded ISCs from either a White male or female professor. Participants reported their anticipated belonging and instructor impressions. Results: Participants reported greater expected engagement and field belonging and had more positive impressions of the instructor when the syllabus included ISCs compared to the control syllabus. Instructor gender had a minimal impact on participants' outcomes and impressions. Conclusion: This work demonstrates including ISCs in course syllabi can positively impact students when course instructors are White men or women. Teaching Implications: ISCs improved participants' anticipated engagement and field belonging regardless of instructor gender. This work suggests instructors can improve students' first impressions and intentions by including ISCs in their course syllabi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research has shown that red can increase men's perception of women's attractiveness. However, this effect is absent under certain conditions, such as when women have masculine, unattractive, or older features. We sought to test whether this red-attraction effect would be present at the other end of the continuum, specifically, for highly attractive, provocatively dressed young women. In three experiments (the second and third of which were pre-registered), we manipulated the color of highly attractive models' lingerie and assessed men's perceptions of their sexual receptivity, attractiveness, and sexual appeal. Results revealed higher ratings across each variable for women in red, relative to green, across all 3 experiments. Furthermore, in Experiment 3, perceived sexual receptivity mediated the relations between red and both attractiveness and sexual appeal. Overall, these results show that the color red can further bolster the attractiveness and desirability of already highly attractive and desirable woman. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anales de Filología Francesa is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The lighting environment has an important influence on the psychological and physical aspects of a person. On certain occasions, reasonable lighting design can regulate people's emotions and improve their feelings of comfort in a space. Besides, specific lighting can create a specific atmosphere according to space requirements. However, in the study of an individual's affective impressions, there is still some uncertainty about how colored lights affect an individual's moods and impressions toward visual objects. This research improves the understanding of the emotional impact of colored light in space. To better understand the lighting environment in the observation process, the project studied the effects of four groups of lights (green, blue, red, and yellow) on the participants' moods and impressions. Participants watched two sets of visual images under four different lighting conditions and provided feedback on their emotions and evaluations through the Multiple Mood States Scale, Two-Dimensional Mood Scale, and Semantic Differential Scale. The results show that different colors of light have a significant effect on mood, and red light can arouse emotional changes to calm, irritated, relaxed, nervous, stability, and pleasure. At the same time, different colors of light have a certain relevance to participants' impressions and this provides further research value for the design of the colored light environment in an individual's affective impressions. Therefore, this study discusses the feasibility of colored lights as a display method, which has potential application prospects for constructing different space atmospheres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Does how people generally engage with their online social networks relate to offline initial social interactions? Using a large-scale study of first impressions (N = 806, Ndyad = 4,565), we examined how different indicators of social media use relate to the positivity of dyadic in-person first impressions, from the perspective of the participants and their interaction partners. Many forms of social media use (e.g., Instagram, Snapchat, passive) were associated with liking and being liked by others more, although some forms of use (e.g., Facebook, active) were not associated with liking others or being liked by others. Furthermore, most associations held controlling for extraversion and narcissism. Thus, while some social media use may be generally beneficial for offline social interactions, some may be unrelated, highlighting the idea that how, rather than how much, people use social media can play a role in their offline social interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With continuing technological developments, there have been advances in the field of fixed prosthetics, particularly in impression-taking techniques. These technological advances mean that a wide variety of diagnostic and/or rehabilitation possibilities can be explored without the need for physical models. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of three intraoral scanners used in oral implant rehabilitation using an extraoral scanner as a reference and varying the scanning area. Three models representing different clinical scenarios were scanned 15 times by each intraoral scanner and three times by the extraoral scanner. The readings were analyzed and overlaid using engineering software (Geomagic® Control X software (Artec Europe, Luxembourg)). Statistically significant differences in accuracy were found between the three intraoral scanners, iTero® (Align Technology Inc., San Jose, CA, USA), Medit® (Medit®: Seoul, Korea), and Planmeca® (Planmeca®: Helsinki, Finland). In all clinical scenarios, the iTero® scanner had the best trueness (24.4 μm), followed by the Medit® (26.4 μm) and Planmeca® (42.1 μm). The Medit® showed the best precision (18.00 μm) followed by the iTero® (19.20 μm) and Planmeca® (34.30 μm). We concluded that the iTero® scanner had the highest reproducibility and accuracy in the clinical setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Impressions and marks are expected components of any crime scene. There is nothing more disappointing for fingerprint experts than finding glove marks at a crime scene. The forensic expert's primary task in such cases is to compare the characteristic features of glove impressions with the characteristics of a suspect. The aim of the present study was to determine whether additional information could be obtained from glove prints. Specifically, whether they could be used to help to predict the sex and stature of a suspect was investigated, as was the potential for ascertaining additional information in cases where such prints were recovered from diverse objects with different diameters. Male and female participants wore latex gloves, and after ink was applied to the gloves they grasped objects of different diameters (2, 4, 6 and 8 cm). Impressions of gloved flat hands were also obtained. Phalangeal and finger lengths were measured digitally via software. Sex and stature were successfully estimated based on impressions derived from gloved flat hands and from prints on various grasped objects. A regression equation was developed for stature prediction, and a discriminant equation was developed for sex prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Fixed prosthodontics require an accurate impression for the teeth and the area to be restored for the laboratory to fabricate the desired restoration without mistakes. This study evaluated the quality of impressions received by private laboratories for the fabrication of fixed prosthesis by describing the frequency of clinically detectable errors and by analyzing association between the various factors involved. Methods 165 impressions were collected from four dental laboratories. Jaw involved, type of tray, size of tray, number of prepared units, type of impression materials, techniques and viscosity in case of elastomeric impressions and type of prosthesis requested were recorded. Data referring to errors and visible defects including errors in finish line, in preparation area, in silicone impression technique and blood in impression were also documented. Factors affecting errors present were also assessed. Association between dentist gender and experience years and impression errors was assessed. Chi square and Fisher exact tests used to examine the association between categorical variables and outcomes. Results The total of error considering not immediately pouring as an error. Alginate was the most impression used. of impressions evaluated (50.9%), 97% were have at least one visible error; 92.1% had errors in finish line, 53.9% had errors in preparation area and (72.8%) of elastomeric impressions were have at least one error in technique. Blood in impression was detected in 52.1% of impressions. Significant association was found between material type and errors in finishing line and preparation area. Significant relationships were found between gender and errors in silicone impression technique (p

Eugene Ionesco mentioned in 1980 that the person,whom he appreciated and admired, had been one of the best Romanian prose writers of those times and, if Ştefan Bănulescu was not yet known worldwide, the fact was due to the thing that he had been writing in Romanian, a language that had no international circulation. Autarchic imaginary universe, "The Millionaire's Book", written by Ştefan Bănulescu, is one of the most original spaces of postbelic Romanian prose. From the tetralogy announced by Ştefan Bănulescu under the title "The Millionaire's Book", only the first volume appeared, "The Book from Metopolis" - a novel of an imaginary territory, which had been designed as a fresco of the Romania of local myths - real and imaginary. "The Book from Metopolis" includes the world of the Danube plain between Călăraşi and Brăila as it was reinvented by the prose writer who knew like no other the great and small history of this piece of country. Ștefan Bănulescu can be subsumed to a Romanian vein of “magical realism”, together with Fănuș Neagu, Dumitru Radu Popescu or Constantin Țoiu. Without necessarily appealing to the fantastic, Șt. Bănulescu builds a universe with fabulous iridescences, fixed in a timeless past. A special light bathes the landscapes and the characters, enveloping them with an aura of story. The objects have a weak but hypnotic inner flicker, and the gestures and actions of the protagonists acquire a kind of hieraticism, of exemplary significance. In Sartre's terms it could be said that Șt. Bănulescu does not work with perceptions, but with images; the model he has in mind is not the outside world, but an inner world, recreated from fragments of memories, sensations and impressions.

Adaptation is a key mechanism in human–human interaction. In our work, we aim at endowing embodied conversational agents with the ability to adapt their behavior when interacting with a human interlocutor. With the goal to better understand what the main challenges concerning adaptive agents are, we investigated the effects on the user’s experience of three adaptation models for a virtual agent. The adaptation mechanisms performed by the agent take into account the user’s reaction and learn how to adapt on the fly during the interaction. The agent’s adaptation is realized at several levels (i.e., at the behavioral, conversational, and signal levels) and focuses on improving the user’s experience along different dimensions (i.e., the user’s impressions and engagement). In our first two studies, we aim to learn the agent’s multimodal behaviors and conversational strategies to dynamically optimize the user’s engagement and impressions of the agent, by taking them as input during the learning process. In our third study, our model takes both the user’s and the agent’s past behavior as input and predicts the agent’s next behavior. Our adaptation models have been evaluated through experimental studies sharing the same interacting scenario, with the agent playing the role of a virtual museum guide. These studies showed the impact of the adaptation mechanisms on the user’s experience of the interaction and their perception of the agent. Interacting with an adaptive agent vs. a nonadaptive agent tended to be more positively perceived. Finally, the effects of people’s a priori about virtual agents found in our studies highlight the importance of taking into account the user’s expectancies in human–agent interaction.

Featured Application: Optimization model on the frequency capping using client data to maximize revenue, ensuring return on ads spend. The goal of digital marketing is to connect advertisers with users that are interested in their products. This means serving ads to users, and it could lead to a user receiving hundreds of impressions of the same ad. Consequently, advertisers can define a maximum threshold to the number of impressions a user can receive, referred to as Frequency Cap. However, low frequency caps mean many users are not engaging with the advertiser. By contrast, with high frequency caps, users may receive many ads leading to annoyance and wasting budget. We build a robust and reliable methodology to define the number of ads that should be delivered to different users to maximize the ROAS and reduce the possibility that users get annoyed with the ads' brand. The methodology uses a novel technique to find the optimal frequency capping based on the number of non-clicked impressions rather than the traditional number of received impressions. This methodology is validated using simulations and large-scale datasets obtained from real ad campaigns data. To sum up, our work proves that it is feasible to address the frequency capping optimization as a business problem, and we provide a framework that can be used to configure efficient frequency capping values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We explore the impressions and conceptualisations produced by participants after their first encounter with the teleoperated robot, Telenoid R1.

Impressions and marks are expected components of any crime scene. There is nothing more disappointing for fingerprint experts than finding glove marks at a crime scene. The forensic expert’s primary task in such cases is to compare the characteristic features of glove impressions with the characteristics of a suspect. The aim of the present study was to determine whether additional information could be obtained from glove prints. Specifically, whether they could be used to help to predict the sex and stature of a suspect was investigated, as was the potential for ascertaining additional information in cases where such prints were recovered from diverse objects with different diameters. Male and female participants wore latex gloves, and after ink was applied to the gloves they grasped objects of different diameters (2, 4, 6 and 8 cm). Impressions of gloved flat hands were also obtained. Phalangeal and finger lengths were measured digitally via software. Sex and stature were successfully estimated based on impressions derived from gloved flat hands and from prints on various grasped objects. A regression equation was developed for stature prediction, and a discriminant equation was developed for sex prediction.

This study used an online second language (L2) vocabulary lesson to evaluate whether the physical body (i.e., embodiment) of a robot tutor has an impact on how the learner learns from the robot. In addition, we tested how individual differences in attitudes toward robots, first impressions of the robot, anxiety in learning L2, and personality traits may be related to L2 vocabulary learning. One hundred Turkish-speaking young adults were taught eight English words in a one-on-one Zoom session either with a NAO robot tutor (N = 50) or with a voice-only tutor (N = 50). The findings showed that participants learned the vocabulary equally well from the robot and voice tutors, indicating that the physical embodiment of the robot did not change learning gains in a short vocabulary lesson. Further, negative attitudes toward robots had negative effects on learning for participants in the robot tutor condition, but first impressions did not predict vocabulary learning in either of the two conditions. L2 anxiety, on the other hand, negatively predicted learning outcomes in both conditions. We also report that attitudes toward robots and the impressions of the robot tutor remained unchanged before and after the lesson. As one of the first to examine the effectiveness of robots as an online lecturer, this study presents an example of comparable learning outcomes regardless of physical embodiment.

Traditionally, the success of a company is determined by the attractiveness of the products and services it provides. The advantage of one company over another could stem from the characteristics of the product or service that distinguish them as better than competitor‘s ones. To a large extent, it is important for any company to achieve a long-term competitive advantage. On the other hand, the purpose of design is believed to create both creative and technological products or solutions that must meet a number of important criteria - functionality, usability, safety, aesthetics and many others. The discipline of design has evolved as an approach to create holistic solutions, going beyond the tangible side of the experience with the products. Now, the product is not only the object that is offered, this term includes everything that can be offered and at the same time satisfy the needs of consumers and be valuable. In the last ten years a tendency emerged that products became part of systems of products and services. During the planning of these systems attention should be focused on determining the specific actions to achieve the goals that are the company's strategy, ie. to determine its competitive advantage over all others, what makes the use of, the experience with these systems unique, and what is difficult to copy. The design of customer experiences in the context of product and service design can be mentioned as a current and strong competitive advantage. This approach can undoubtedly lead to a greater business value: large increase in sales volume, to an expansion of market share, to building customer relationships and, under extremely good conditions, to the return of already lost customers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With continuing technological developments, there have been advances in the field of fixed prosthetics, particularly in impression-taking techniques. These technological advances mean that a wide variety of diagnostic and/or rehabilitation possibilities can be explored without the need for physical models. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of three intraoral scanners used in oral implant rehabilitation using an extraoral scanner as a reference and varying the scanning area. Three models representing different clinical scenarios were scanned 15 times by each intraoral scanner and three times by the extraoral scanner. The readings were analyzed and overlaid using engineering software (Geomagic® Control X software (Artec Europe, Luxembourg)). Statistically significant differences in accuracy were found between the three intraoral scanners, iTero® (Align Technology Inc., San Jose, CA, USA), Medit® (Medit®: Seoul, Korea), and Planmeca® (Planmeca®: Helsinki, Finland). In all clinical scenarios, the iTero® scanner had the best trueness (24.4 μm), followed by the Medit® (26.4 μm) and Planmeca® (42.1 μm). The Medit® showed the best precision (18.00 μm) followed by the iTero® (19.20 μm) and Planmeca® (34.30 μm). We concluded that the iTero® scanner had the highest reproducibility and accuracy in the clinical setting.

The present paper applies a psychological approach to the evaluation of the impression, perception and aesthetics of public display designs in competitive business contexts. Questionnaires and two versions of data collection methods along with corresponding application guidelines were developed as part of this approach. This approach was developed for marketing department employees, and thus managerial limitations (e.g., the skills /knowledge needed for its implementation) were taken into consideration. The proposed approach, which is simple and easy to carry out, was applied to a case study that carried out evaluations for three platform displays. The results of the evaluations as well as their implications will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of our study is to hierarchize the importance of the role of the main clinical stages of treatment in order to achieve a successful therapeutic management.Material and method:This study is carried out by analyzing the classic and modern facets for the main clinical stages that decisively influence the therapeutic development of an edented clinical case with different degrees of damage to the muco-bone, dento-periodontal support, with a special attention always being given loco-regional impairments. Results and disscusions :A particularly important aspect is represented by the management of devital teeth, which often, through the present and associated biomechanics, biomechanical stability orientates the choice of the restorative prosthetic solution to the zirconium ceramic restoration register, its opaque character being known, or to metalic-ceramice crowns. Conclusions:In view of efficient management of edentuous therapy, an effective clinical and paraclinical assessment is required, following the balancing, according to the decisional therapeutical algorithm of each clinical stage, and the manner in which it is performed in a classical or modern registry.

Abstract Background Alcohol advertising is a key driver of alcohol consumption, and is prohibited in France by the Loi Evin. In 2016 the Danish brewer Carlsberg sponsored the UEFA Euro 2016 finals, held in France, and used the alibis ‘Probably’ and ‘…the best in the world’ in place of Carlsberg in pitch-side advertising. We have quantified the advertising exposure achieved during the final seven games in the UEFA Euro 2016 championship. Methods Appearances of the Carlsberg alibis ‘Probably’ and ‘the best in the world’ were counted and timed to the nearest second during all active play in live coverage of quarter final, semi-final and final matches broadcast in the UK. We used census data and viewing figures from Kantar Media to estimate gross and per capita impressions of these advertisements in the UK population. Results In 796 min, 29 s of active play there were 746 alibi appearances, totalling 68 min 35 s duration and representing 8.6% of active playing time. Appearances were particularly frequent at the end of normal time, extra time and penalties. The seven matches delivered up to 7.43 billion Carlsberg alibi impressions to UK adults and 163.3 million to children. In the only match involving a second country with laws prohibiting alcohol advertising (France versus Iceland), exposure occurred for only 1.8% of playing time. Conclusions Alibi marketing achieved significant advertising coverage during the final seven EURO 2016 championship games, particularly to children. Since ‘Probably’ is registered by Carlsberg as a wordmark this advertising appears to contravene the Loi Evin, though Carlsberg have defended their marketing actions.

An analysis of a group of the administrative texts from the Persepolis Fortification Archive gives the impression that the Fahliyān region in northwestern Fārs was probably the heart of the territory in which the Patischorian tribe and Gobryas family were centered in the Achaemenid period. This article attempts to examine hypothetically the connection between archaeological remains discovered in the Fahliyān region with the Patischorian tribe. Above all, the monumental building excavated in Jenjān and the well-known rockcut tomb of Dā-u Dokhtar might have been a tribal seat and a tomb of Gobryas respectively. An argument on the possible connection between the seals used on the so-called Gobryas texts and the Gobryas family is also of especial significance with the interesting result that the stamp was a favorable type-seal for this family. Both of this evidence seems to suggest the Elamite and Greek personal trends of Gobryas, a fact inherited in his role in the political events of the age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A questionnaire survey was conducted, involving 64 patients admitted to psychiatric hospital, to clarify appropriate/inappropriate colors for a patients room, and their impressions of the following 6 bedding colors: white, pale red, pale yellow, pale green, pale blue, and pale violet. 1) The most appropriate bedding color for a patients room was white for males and pale red for females. The most inappropriate bedding color was pale red for males and pale yellow for females. 2) There was the most significant gender difference in the impression of pale red, as females tended to have a more positive impression. 3) The impression of pale blue varied according to patients' mood. More patients who were feeling down preferred pale blue beddings as a reassurance. 4) Three factors as "psychological comfort", "functional comfort", and "colorful" were extracted by factor analysis. Mean factor scores of "psychological comfort" were high for pale blue, white, and pale green; therefore, these were recommended as bedding color for psychiatric hospitals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The way in and the extent to which the feelings of the horse remain hidden to men principally and in practice will be discussed here. The problem of finding practical measures to treat horses regarding their feelings will be made clear. The widespread practice of declaring impressions, assumptions and projections as knowledge will be explained. In addition, the risk of relativising the importance of good health and eufunctional behaviour, while struggling to judge the feelings will be explained. The more or less likely to be true statements about feelings are compared with the, at least, extensive validity and reliability of statements about good health and eufunctional behaviour. It is not possible to arrive at reliable findings about the feelings of equids. Finding different measures of managing horses in practice by reference to reliable knowledge of the feelings is not possible. It is impossible to demonstrate the suppositions of special feelings as wrong. Consequently, the proceeding of the morally engaged people following the principle "in dubio pro equo" has to be respected as an ethically legitimate procedure: the former, on the basis of their more or less intense knowledge about analogies in the neuronal organisation of humans and animals, are impressed by the behaviour of the horse structured in a similar way to human behaviour. They establish convictions corresponding to their impressions about the horse's feelings and act based on their ethical attitudes and the moral appeals they heed, not on well-founded knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In online dating, the self-authored profile serves as the primary way for daters to introduce themselves to others and to learn more about potential partners. However, few studies have examined the extent to which daters' self-authored profile content is consistent with the impressions that others actually form. This study applied the Brunswikian lens model (1956) to examine self-presentation and impression formation in the text-based "about me" portion of the online dating profile. Using the meaning extraction method, we analyzed 190 profiles. Consistent with the lexical approach to personality, daters were able to encode aspects of themselves through linguistic self-description (cue validity), and observers were able to decode profile information to form impressions (cue utilization). However, there were few significant associations between a dater's self-presentation and observers' judgments (functional achievement). Findings are interpreted in line with previous work examining self-presentation and impressions in online dating profiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The replacement of missing teeth is an increasing concern among the population due to functional and esthetic reasons. Along with the increase in demand for replacement, the need for fixed and permanent replacement is also increasing widely. The use of implants is increasing among the population due to its long term and fixed properties in spite of its high price. Aim: The purpose of this survey was to determine the awareness of various impression techniques used in implant dentistry among the dental interns and practitioners in Chennai. Materials and Methods: The survey was conducted among 100 dental interns and practitioners among the South Indian population. A set of 10 questions was created and the questionnaire was distributed. The questionnaire consisted of questions regarding the awareness of impression techniques used in implant dentistry. The information was collected from the clinicians and recorded. A comparison of the answers from the collected data was made. Results: There was found to be an awareness of 100% in the impression techniques. However, the awareness of splinting and non-splinting techniques was less (80%) when compared to the open and closed tray techniques (100%). The reason could be the limited use of these practically among the dental interns and a use of these clinically would bring about a full awareness of these techniques as well. Conclusion: A positive response is seen on the basic impression techniques that include open and closed tray techniques, whereas the impressions taken on a multiple implant case with some modifications are yet to be more familiarized. As regards, short hands-on courses can help in teaching the shortcomings of impression techniques for various cases and hence to increase the knowledge on these topics of implant dentistry which is flourishing in the present day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: In‐laboratory assessment by laboratory technicians may offer insight to increase clinical success of dental crowns, and research in this area is lacking. Materials and Methods: Dentists in the National Dental Practice‐Based Research Network enrolled patients in a study about single‐unit crowns; laboratory technicians evaluated the quality of tooth preparations and impressions. The primary outcome for each crown was clinical acceptability (CAC), as judged by the treating dentist. A secondary outcome was "Goodness of Fit (GOF)," a composite score of several aspects of clinical fit, also judged by the study dentist. A mixed‐effects logistic regression was used to analyze associations between laboratory technician ratings and the CAC and GOF. Results: Dentists (n = 205) evaluated 3731 crowns. Technicians ranked the marginal detail of impressions as good or excellent in 92% of cases; other aspects of the impression were ranked good or excellent 88% of the time. Regarding tooth preparation, about 90% of preparations were considered adequate (neither excessive nor inadequate reduction). Factors associated with higher CAC were more preparation taper, and use of optical imaging. Factors associated with better GOF were higher impression quality, greater occlusal reduction, more preparation taper, and optical imaging. Conclusions: Overall quality of preparations and impressions was very high, as evaluated by laboratory technicians. Several clinical parameters were associated with higher CAC and GOF. Clinicians who struggle with crown remakes might consider less conservative tooth preparation, as well as using digital impression technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Are dental students learning to produce impressions and communicate with dental technicians effectively? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of impression technique and implant angulation on the impression accuracy of external- and internal-connection implants using a novel experimental device. Materials and Methods: An experimental device was designed and fabricated to make in vitro impressions by means of open- and closed-tray techniques. Impressions of eight implants with two different connections (four external-hex and four internal-hex) at three angulations (0, 15, and 25 degrees) were made using a medium-consistency polyether material. Evaluation of implant impression accuracy was carried out by directly measuring the difference in coordinate values between the implant body/impression coping positioned on the base and the impression coping/laboratory analog positioned in the impression using a touch-probe coordinate measuring machine. Experimental data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance. The significance level of all hypothesis testing procedures was set at P < .05. Results: The results showed that: (1) for implants with external connections, impression accuracy is not significantly affected by the impression technique, implant angulation, or their interaction; and (2) for implants with internal connections, impression accuracy is significantly affected only by implant angulation: Impression inaccuracy was greater at the 25-degree implant angulation. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the open- and closed-tray techniques had no effect on the accuracy of multiple implant impressions. The interaction between impression technique and implant angulation was also not significant. However, implant angulation significantly affected the impression accuracy when implants with internal connections were used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to compare the accuracy of casts obtained from nonsplinted and splinted direct impression techniques employing various splinting materials for multiple dental implants. Materials and Methods: A reference model with four Nobel Replace Select implant replicas in the anterior mandible was fabricated with denture base heat-curing acrylic resin. Impressions of the reference model were made using polyether impression material by direct nonsplinted and splinted techniques. Impressions were divided into four groups: group A: nonsplinted technique; group B: acrylic resin-splinted technique; group C: bite registration addition silicone-splinted technique; and group D: bite registration polyether-splinted technique. Four impressions were made for each group and casts were poured in type IV dental stone. Linear differences in interimplant distances in the x-, y-, and z-axes and differences in interimplant angulations in the z-axis were measured on the casts using a coordinate measuring machine. Results: The interimplant distance D1y showed significant variations in all four test groups (P = .043), while D3x values varied significantly between the acrylic resin-splinted and silicone-splinted groups. Casts obtained from the polyether-splinted group were the closest to the reference model in the x- and y-axes. In the z-axis, D2z values varied significantly among the three test groups (P = .009). Casts from the acrylic resin-splinted group were the closest to the reference model in the z-axis. Also, one of the three angles measured (angle 2) showed significant differences within three test groups (P = .009). Casts from the nonsplinted group exhibited the smallest angular differences. Conclusion: Casts obtained from all four impression techniques exhibited differences from the reference model. Casts obtained using the bite registration polyether-splinted technique were the most accurate versus the reference model, followed by those obtained via the acrylic resin-splinted, nonsplinted, and bite registration addition silicone-splinted techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]