Search

Extensive instruction tuning of large language models(LLMs) has proven to be a powerful technique, extending the outstanding performance of general LLMs to new tasks. Consequently, the integration of state-of-the-art(SOTA) general open-source models with specific domains leverages instruction tuning to unlock the emerging capabilities of large language models(LLMs) in those domains. Current practices in instruction tuning often rely on expanding the size of the dataset without a clear strategy to ensure data quality. This can inadvertently introduce noise and degrade model performance. Furthermore, there is currently no unified approach for the quantity, quality, and diversity of instruction tuning data, as well as the methods for instruction tuning. As a result, this severely hampers the practicality and universality of instruction tuning.\\ Addressing these issues, we propose a \textbf{UNI}fied \textbf{F}ramework for \textbf{I}nstruction \textbf{T}uning(\textbf{UNIFIT}), namely Concept Tree generation for instruction tuning data, instruction following difficulty selecting data for high-quality instruction tuning, and the incorporation of random noise embeddings(NE) to enhance model performance during tuning. Through experiments involving multiple models, domains, and orders of magnitude, our proposed instruction tuning framework not only enhances the diversity of instruction tuning data but also achieves a remarkable 60\% reduction in training time consumption, with a mere 6\% of all instruction tuning data, surpassing the performance of using all instruction tuning data by 11\%. This universally applicable instruction tuning framework signifies a substantial advancement in the generality of large language model instruction tuning, marking a revolutionary leap forward and promising efficiency gains while being resource-conscious.

FCC-HCP phase transition plays a pivotal role in many intelligent materials, which also occurs in Pb under high pressures. However, its impacts on the spallation of polycrystalline, as well as the effects related to grain size, are still unclear. In this work, spallation behaviors of Pb polycrystals with different grain sizes under various shock loadings are investigated using the quasi-coarse-grained molecular dynamics (QCGD) method based on our recently developed response embedding atom model potential. The QCGD method is rigorously validated for applications in the metals exhibiting solid–solid phase transitions. Due to the restriction of the critical size for the phase transition nucleus, the coarsening level of the QCGD method cannot exceed two times the lattice parameter. Nevertheless, such a method enables us to explore the whole rule of the grain-size-dependence incipient spall strength. Our results suggest that the incipient spall strength exhibits a transition from the Hall–Petch to the inverse Hall–Petch relationship at about 13 nm and the spallation strength converging to that of a single crystal for grain sizes larger than 60 nm. As the grain size decreases, void nucleation becomes more prevalent than void growth, making the material better equipped to prevent the progression of damage into fractures. When the grain size is sufficiently large, voids nucleate and grow in the grain interior, making the spallation behave like in a single crystal. Interestingly, the phase transition from HCP to FCC phase enhances dislocation entanglement, leading to heterogeneous nucleation of voids in the grain interior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) hold immense potential for large‐scale energy storage, but their practical implementation faces significant challenges related to the zinc anode, including dendrite formation, corrosion, and hydrogen evolution. This study addresses these challenges by introducing diethylenetriamine pentaacetate sodium salt (DTPA‐Na) as a novel electrolyte additive. DTPA‐Na exhibits a unique dual functionality, enabling the formation of a robust, multi‐layered solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the zinc anode and a stable cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) on the MnOOH cathode. The engineered SEI effectively suppresses interfacial side reactions, facilitates uniform zinc deposition, and mitigates dendrite growth, while the CEI inhibits MnOOH dissolution and detrimental cathode side reactions. This synergistic SEI/CEI engineering approach significantly enhances ZIB performance, achieving remarkable cycling stability and self‐discharge inhibition, as evidenced by the extended lifespan of Zn||Zn symmetrical cells (4400 hours at 0.5 mA/cm2) and the exceptional capacity retention of Zn||MnOOH full cells after prolonged rest (98.61 % after 720 hours). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Sanyuan Canzan Yanshou Shu 三元參贊延壽書, compiled by Li Pengfei during the Yuan dynasty, is a comprehensive collection of the essence of earlier health preservation literature. Recently, the Jianwen first-year (1399) re-engraved edition by Liu Yuanran 劉淵然 (1351–1432) has emerged, which is currently housed in the Imperial Household Agency Library in Japan. It has challenged the prevailing consensus in China that the edition (1445) in the Daozang 道藏 is the earliest version. This discovery not only enriches our understanding of the text's historical dissemination but also highlights the international appreciation and preservation of Chinese traditional medical and health knowledge. Upon meticulous examination, the various editions of this text can be systematically classified into two distinct lineages: Yanshou Canzan 延壽參贊 and Canzan Yanshou 參贊延壽. The latter lineage is notably more comprehensive, with the Wanli 萬曆 edition serving as a prime exemplar of this expanded scope. Li Pengfei primarily drew upon the Yangsheng Leizuan 養生類纂 as the foundational text for his work, skillfully integrating a wealth of Daoism and medical scriptures. He adeptly restructured the content by employing the conceptual framework of three primes (sanyuan 三元), incorporating the health preservation philosophies of Confucianism and Buddhism, thereby transforming it into a more systematic and diverse Daoism scripture dedicated to health preservation. The book eloquently advocates for health-preserving philosophies centered around the principle of not diminishing (busun 不損) primordial pneuma (yuanqi 元氣), extending life through three primes, and prolonging life through the virtue of yin (yinde 陰德). These ideas emphasize a human-centered approach, focusing on preserving the primordial pneuma as the foundation and employing both loss prevention and supplementation as dual pathways. It aims to achieve a state of health preservation where there is unity of man with heaven (tianren heyi 天人合一) and a harmonious balance of yin and yang energies (yinyang qihe 陰陽氣和). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]