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There is national recognition of the need to incorporate Aboriginal health issues within the medical school curricula. This study aims to evaluate changes in medical students' knowledge and attitudes about Aboriginal health, and their preparedness to work in Aboriginal communities after attending a 3-hour Aboriginal health seminar. A cross-sectional survey was administered before and after the seminar for Year 1 and 2 medical students at the University of Western Ontario. The survey included four true or false questions and 24 questions using a seven-point Likert scale (1--strongly disagree, 7--strongly agree). Eighty two of 130 (64 per cent) Year 1 students and 55 of 86 (63 per cent) Year 2 students completed both questionnaires. Knowledge-based questions were answered correctly by most students before the seminar, with an increasing number of correct responses noted after the seminar (p less than 0.05). Students' perceptions about sociocultural and economic factors affecting health showed uncertainty before the seminar, but changed towards greater agreement regarding its impact on health after the seminar (p less than 0.05). Students initially felt unprepared to care for Aboriginal patients before the seminar, but felt more prepared after the seminar (p less than 0.05). A 3-hour seminar using both didactic and non-traditional teaching methods appears to be effective in the short term in improving knowledge, changing attitudes and reversing some of the uncertainties medical students have about practicing in Aboriginal communities. (Contains 2 tables.)

The antiulcer drug omeprazole appears to be more effective than ranitidine in treating ulcers in people on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Researchers randomly assigned 541 patients taking NSAIDs to 20 or 40 milligrams of omeprazole or 300 milligrams of ranitidine every day. Patients who responded to either drug continued to take it. About 80% of the patients taking omeprazole were successfully treated, compared to 63% of those taking ranitidine. Omeprazole was also more effective than ranitidine during long-term use.

Metal halide perovskites (MHP) can be made more stable through the addition of small amounts of cesium. Despite the improvement, these multication absorbers still display strong environmental sensitivity to any combination of factors, including water, oxygen, bias, temperature, and light. Here, the relationship is elucidated between light absorption, charge carrier radiative recombination, and relative humidity (rH) for the Cs0.05FA0.79MA0.16Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3 composition, revealing partially reversible reductions in the extinction coefficient and fully reversible 25× enhancements in absolute light emission registered across the same humidity cycles up to 70% rH. With in situ excitation wavelength‐dependent measurements, irreversible changes are identified in the perovskite after a single cycle of humidity‐dependent photoluminescence (PL) performed with 450 nm excitation. The in situ measurement platform can be extended to test the effect of other stressors on thin films' optical behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research in this article entails the design of materials systems and tunable energy absorbing properties respond to a range of energy absorption needs in different impact conditions. Tunable energy absorption of bilayer cellular foams is investigated using hollow glass spheres with different wall thickness and densities. Co‐cured bilayer foams are prepared through sintering of the spheres, and their microstructures and mechanical responses to quasistatic uniaxial compression are investigated. Co‐cured system exploits localized voids density (>50 μm) locally at the interface which is induced via different shrinkage rate of spheres, leveraging tunable energy absorptions. Mechanical testing shows that the voids at the interface lead in the sequential collapse of the layers, resulting in a distinctive two‐step stress–strain profile. For comparison, bilayer samples are fabricated using epoxy. These samples show a different mechanical response from the co‐cured sample by not showing the two‐step stress–strain. The co‐cured samples exhibit 14.8% more specific energy absorption than epoxy bonded samples. The results suggest that co‐cured samples can limit impact stress and achieve a higher energy absorption capacity than epoxy bonded samples. The manufacturing concept and system design expand the capabilities of cellular foams, yielding desired energy absorbing properties in a diverse range of applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background This paper addresses the health care system from a global perspective and the importance of human resources management (HRM) in improving overall patient health outcomes and delivery of health care services. Methods We explored the published literature and collected data through secondary sources. Results Various key success factors emerge that clearly affect health care practices and human resources management. This paper will reveal how human resources management is essential to any health care system and how it can improve health care models. Challenges in the health care systems in Canada, the United States of America and various developing countries are examined, with suggestions for ways to overcome these problems through the proper implementation of human resources management practices. Comparing and contrasting selected countries allowed a deeper understanding of the practical and crucial role of human resources management in health care. Conclusion Proper management of human resources is critical in providing a high quality of health care. A refocus on human resources management in health care and more research are needed to develop new policies. Effective human resources management strategies are greatly needed to achieve better outcomes from and access to health care around the world.

Metal halide perovskites exhibit optimal properties for optoelectronic devices, ranging from photovoltaics to light‐emitting diodes, utilizing simple fabrication routes that produce impressive electrical and optical tunability. As perovskite technologies continue to mature, an understanding of their fundamental properties at length scales relevant to their morphology is critical. In this review, an overview is presented of the key insights into perovskite material properties provided by measurement methods based on the atomic force microscopy (AFM). Specifically, the manner in which AFM‐based techniques supply valuable information regarding electrical and chemical heterogeneity, ferroelectricity and ferroelasticity, surface passivation and chemical modification, ionic migration, and material/device stability is discussed. Continued advances in perovskite materials will require multimodal approaches and machine learning, where the output of these scanning probe measurements is combined with high spatial resolution structural and chemical information to provide a complete nanoscale description of materials behavior and device performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigated the effect of bonding temperature and duration on the microstructure development and energy absorption capacity of consolidated cellular solids, formed from hollow glass spheres. The temperatures were varied between 760 and 860 °C for 30 min and the bonding times were varied from 5 to 50 min at 810 °C. SEM micrographs were used to study the microstructure development of the cellular solids. These observations revealed the initial bonding points, cell-wall bonding process, and formation of open voids in the microstructure as a functions of bonding temperature and bonding time. Quasi-static uniaxial compressive testing on the cellular solids was performed in conjunction with real-time observation. Taken together, the results suggest that the trends in energy absorption depend on the underlying microstructure of the cellular solids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is national recognition of the need to incorporate Aboriginal health issues within the medical school curricula. This study aims to evaluate changes in medical students’ knowledge and attitudes about Aboriginal health, and their preparedness to work in Aboriginal communities after attending a 3-hour Aboriginal health seminar. A cross-sectional survey was administered before and after the seminar for Year 1 and 2 medical students at the University of Western Ontario. The survey included four true or false questions and 24 questions using a seven-point Likert scale (1 – strongly disagree, 7 – strongly agree). Eighty two of 130 (64 per cent) Year 1 students and 55 of 86 (63 per cent) Year 2 students completed both questionnaires. Knowledge-based questions were answered correctly by most students before the seminar, with an increasing number of correct responses noted after the seminar (p < 0.05). Students’ perceptions about sociocultural and economic factors affecting health showed uncertainty before the seminar, but changed towards greater agreement regarding its impact on health after the seminar (p < 0.05). Students initially felt unprepared to care for Aboriginal patients before the seminar, but felt more prepared after the seminar (p < 0.05). A 3-hour seminar using both didactic and non-traditional teaching methods appears to be effective in the short term in improving knowledge, changing attitudes and reversing some of the uncertainties medical students have about practicing in Aboriginal communities. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Background: This paper addresses the health care system from a global perspective and the importance of human resources management (HRM) in improving overall patient health outcomes and delivery of health care services. Methods: We explored the published literature and collected data through secondary sources. Results: Various key success factors emerge that clearly affect health care practices and human resources management. This paper will reveal how human resources management is essential to any health care system and how it can improve health care models. Challenges in the health care systems in Canada, the United States of America and various developing countries are examined, with suggestions for ways to overcome these problems through the proper implementation of human resources management practices. Comparing and contrasting selected countries allowed a deeper understanding of the practical and crucial role of human resources management in health care. Conclusion: Proper management of human resources is critical in providing a high quality of health care. A refocus on human resources management in health care and more research are needed to develop new policies. Effective human resources management strategies are greatly needed to achieve better outcomes from and access to health care around the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents various views on the integration of ecosystem health in the medical curriculum. Genesis of ecosystem health; Challenges facing curriculum integration; Contributions of other disciplines to ecosystem health.