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Pollution of aquatic ecosystems is mostly caused by human activities such as the laundry industry in urban areas, where often the disposal of laundry waste that is discharged directly without proper management triggers environmental pollution. There are two compounds in laundry waste that are difficult to decompose naturally in water, which can trigger environmental pollution in river ecosystems, namely sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (NaDBS) and sodium tripolyphosphate (STTP). Therefore, it is necessary to carry out integrated treatment measures, one of which is the Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland model. This research aims to see the level of effectiveness of the subsurface Flow constructed wetlands model using two types of plants, namely Epipremnum aureum and Canna indica in reducing the laundry waste parameters such as Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Solid (TSS) and Detergent. This research was carried out experimentally by comparing the output of the reactor processing between the inlet and outlet. Based on this research, it can be concluded that the level of effectiveness of laundry waste treatment in the subsurface flow constructed wetland system model uses two types of plants, namely Epipremnum aureum and Canna indica can reduce the concentration of test parameters, namely COD by 76.4%, TSS by 66.2%, and Detergent by 80.9%.

Tondok Bakaru Village in Mamasa Regency was designated as a Desa Sadar Wisata in 2019, as an effort to increase the local economy. The purpose of this study to determine the perceptions and motivations of stakeholders towards the development of Tondok Bakaru ecotourism. The phenomenological approach is used to analyze correlations between the proposed development with the economic development, ecology, and socio-culture. Study results are classified based on class intervals listed on the assessment graphs completed with associated descriptions. Notable findings here are as follows. Stakeholder's perception of Tondok Bakaru ecotourism development is on a ‘very agreeable’ scale. This is due to a ‘high desire’ scale expressed by stakeholders to have active roles in the development of ecotourism in Mamasa. Stakeholder motivation towards economic development is also on a ‘high scale’. Many stakeholders also express that it is necessary to improve tourism infrastructures, provide support for orchid cultivation-related business, development of networks for food provision, and other supporting facilities. Aspiration for the development of ecology-based tourism is also on a rather ‘high’ scale, as the concept of Tondok Bakaru ecotourism has not been well-conceived that indeed has disrupted the hydrological system, land conservation, and preservation of flora and fauna. Moreover, aspiration for socio-cultural development is on a ‘very high’ scale. This is influenced by a great concern on the gradual extinction of Tondok Bakaru Village’s socio-cultural assets. Keywords: ecology; economy; ecotourism; stakeholder; socio-culture Abstrak Desa Tondok Bakaru di Kabupaten Mamasa ditetapkan menjadi Desa Sadar Wisata pada tahun 2019 sebagai upaya peningkatan daya tahan ekonomi lokal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui persepsi dan motivasi pemangku kepentingan terhadap pengembangan ekowisata Tondok Bakaru. Pendekatan fenomenologi digunakan untuk menganalisis persepsi dan motivasi terhadap pengembangan ekowisata yang berkaitan dengan ekonomi, ekologi dan sosial budaya di Tondok Bakaru. Hasil analisis dikelaskan berdasarkan interval kelas pada grafik penilaian dan pemaknaannya diuraikan secara deskriptif kualitatif. Persepsi terhadap pengembangan ekowisata Tondok Bakaru berada pada skala sangat setuju karena didasari oleh adanya keinginan yang tinggi dari pemangku kepentingan untuk berperan aktif pada pengembangan ekowisata di Kabupaten Mamasa. Motivasi pemangku kepentingan terhadap pengembangan ekonomi berada pada skala tinggi. Terbatasnya penunjang ekonomi ekowisata sehingga perlu dilakukan pembenahan infrastruktur, pengadaan inkubasi kelompok usaha budidaya tanaman anggrek, makanan dan penyewaan fasilitas penunjang. Motivasi pada pengembangan ekologi ekowisata pada skala agak tinggi karena konsep pengembangan ekowisata Tondok Bakaru belum tertata dengan baik yang memungkinkan terganggunya sistem hidrologi, konservasi lahan dan pelestarian flora fauna. Motivasi pada pengembangan sosial budaya berada pada skala sangat tinggi karena dipengaruhi oleh keprihatinan pada asset sosial budaya yang saat ini terancam punah. Kata kunci: ekologi, ekonomi; ekowisata; eemangku kepentingan; eosial budaya

Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif menggunakan observasi dan wawancara. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah petugas analising reporting unit rekam medis dan mekanisme pemanfaatan data rekam medis sensus harian rawat inap. Pada penelitian ini teknik yang digunakan adalah accidental sampling yaitu menggunakan kasus atau responden yang kebetulan ada (tersedia di suatu tempat). Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian di Rumah Sakit Umum Muhammadiyah Kabupaten Ponorogo bahwa pemanfaatan data sensus harian rawat inap belum maksimal dikarenakan kurang disiplin dalam pengisian sensus harian rawat inap serta tidak ada ada petunjuk pengisian sensus harian rawat inap. Saran dari peneliti sebaiknya petugas rawat inap/bangsal memasukkan data secara benar sehingga petugas analising reporting bisa memanfaatkan data sensus harian rawat inap untuk di jadikan sebagai sumber data dan mempermudah pembuatan pelaporan indikator pelayanan rawat inap.

Employee engagement is the positive attitude of each employee towards the business and the value of the organization. This research aims to see whether the use of AI-based technology, tools, and software can help management detect intangible things such as employee engagement level and provide clues as to what factors influence it and how management can improve it. This research is a qualitative approach. We interviewed the management and selected employees to determine employee engagement at SML before and after implementing the AI-based application. The interview results compared with the results obtained from the application for six months (Feb - July 2020). The study was conducted on all SML employees, amounting to 39 people. This research has shown that the use of AIbased software can significantly help management, not only to find out the status of each employee’s level of involvement but also to anticipate their attitudes and behaviors through predictive indicators. Thus, the company can proactively retain key employees. This research provides new and practical insights and opportunities for company owners and leaders to utilize technology to detect something that is naturally quite difficult because it requires specific knowledge and experience.

The study aims to know and describe the quality of services and arrangements in the land certificates processing at Land Office of Jayapura Regency, Papua Province in Indonesia. This was a qualitative research by using service quality theory. This theory consists of five main dimensions namely, tangible, empathy, reliability, responsiveness, and assurance. The primary data was obtained through observation and interviews, while secondary data was obtained through library research. Data analysis was carried out through reduction and presentation, conclusions, and verification. Therefore, the results showed that service procedures were implemented according to standards, and the officers' competence were considered adequate. However, in terms of facilities and infrastructure, service standards did not meet the required expectations. Finally, the duration of the process indicated that the services provided were not responsive to the community needs. Kajian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan kualitas pelayanan dan pengaturan pertanahan dalam pengurusan sertifikat tanah hak milik di Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Jayapura, Provinsi Papua. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan menuang teori kualitas pelayanan yang terdiri atas lima dimensi pokok: tangible, empathy, reliability, responsiveness, assurance. Data primer diperoleh melalui pengamatan dan wawancara, data sekunder berasal dari studi kepustakaan. Analisis data dilakukan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa prosedur pelayanan telah dilaksanakan sesuai standar pelayanan, serta kompetensi petugas juga dinilai telah memadai. Kendati demikian, dari segi sarana dan prasarana belum sepenuhnya sesuai dengan standar pelayanan, lamanya proses penyelesaian pengaduan juga mengindikasikan bahwa pelayanan yang diberikan kurang memuaskan kebutuhan masyarakat selaku pengguna layanan.

Recently, numerous web-based applications with attractive user interface, brand-new and advanced features, and friendly operation are rapidly developed and widely used, particularly in education context. This study aims to produce web-based learning media that are feasible for delivering materials of web programming subject. The course material of this subject is Hypertext Markup Language (HTML).This study is located at Manado State University, at the study program of information and communication technology. The method of this study employs the research and development model. The data were obtained by four questionnaires, including (1) the feasibility testing by the lecturer, (2) the media expert feasibility testing, (3) the materials expert feasibility testing, and (4) the students’ feasibility testing. Based on the experimental results, it can be stated that the developed web learning is considered useful. It can be concluded that the web-based learning media is feasible to be used and effectively improve the quality of learning.

Aim The aim of the present study was to assess the alterations in morphology, roughness, and composition of the surfaces of a conventional and a flowable composite attachment engaged with aligners, and to evaluate the release of resin monomers and their derivatives in an aqueous environment. Methods Zirconia tooth-arch frames (n  = 20) and corresponding thermoformed PET-G aligners with bonded attachments comprising two composite materials (universal—C and flowable—F) were fabricated. The morphological features (stereomicroscopy), roughness (optical profilometry), and surface composition (ATR-FTIR) of the attachments were examined before and after immersion in water. To simulate intraoral use, the aligners were removed and re-seated to the frames four times per day for a 7-day immersion period. After testing, the eluents were analyzed by LC-MS/MS targeting the compounds Bis-GMA, UDMA, 2-HEMA, TEGDMA and BPA and by LC-HRMS for suspect screening of the leached dental material compounds and their degradation products. Results After testing, abrasion-induced defects were found on attachment surfaces such as scratches, marginal cracks, loss of surface texturing, and fractures. The morphological changes and debonding rate were greater in F. Comparisons (before-after testing) revealed a significantly lower Sc roughness parameter in F. The surface composition of the aligners after testing showed minor changes from the control, with insignificant differences in the degree of C = C conversion, except for few cases with strong evidence of hydrolytic degradation. Targeted analysis results revealed a significant difference in the compounds released between Days 1 and 7 in both materials. Insignificant differences were found when C was compared with F in both timeframes. Several degradation products were detected on Day 7, with a strong reduction in the concentration of the targeted compounds. Conclusions The use of aligners affects the surface characteristics and degradation rate of composite attachments in an aqueous environment, releasing monomers, and monomer hydrolysates within 1-week simulated use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spirulina, a cyanobacterium widely used as a food supplement due to its high nutrient value, contains volatile organic compounds (VOCs). It is crucial to assess the presence of VOCs in commercial spirulina products, as they could influence sensory quality, various processes, and technological aspects. In this study, the volatile profiles of seventeen commercial spirulina food supplements were determined using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME), coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The identification of volatile compounds was achieved using a workflow that combined data processing with software tools and reference databases, as well as retention indices (RI) and elution order data. A total of 128 VOCs were identified as belonging to chemical groups of alkanes (47.2%), ketones (25.7%), aldehydes (10.9%), alcohols (8.4%), furans (3.7%), alkenes (1.8%), esters (1.1%), pyrazines (0.8%), and other compounds (0.4%). Major volatiles among all samples were hydrocarbons, especially heptadecane and heptadec-8-ene, followed by ketones (i.e., 4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2-one, β-ionone, 2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexan-1-one), aldehydes (i.e., hexanal), and the alcohol oct-1-en-3-ol. Several volatiles were found in spirulina dietary supplements for the first time, including 6,10-dimethylundeca-5,9-dien-2-one (geranylacetone), 6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one, hept-2-enal, octanal, nonanal, oct-2-en-1-ol, heptan-1-ol, nonan-1-ol, tetradec-9-en-1-ol, 4,4-dimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-ol, 2,6-diethylpyrazine, and 1-(2,5-dimethylfuran-3-yl) ethanone. The methodology used for VOC analysis ensured high accuracy, reliability, and confidence in compound identification. Results reveal a wide variety of volatiles in commercial spirulina products, with numerous newly discovered compounds, prompting further research on sensory quality and production methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the past, the application of TiO2 slurry reactors has faced difficulties concerning the recovery and reusability of the catalyst. In response to these challenges, immobilized photocatalyst systems have been investigated, wherein the catalyst is fixed onto a solid support, frequently with reduced photocatalytic performance. In the present study, thin TiO2 films were developed in the anatase phase by the sol-gel process and spin-cast on laser-microstructured silicon substrates, to form photocatalytic surfaces of increased activity. The TiO2 films were thoroughly characterized using SEM-EDX, XRD, UV–Vis spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of these surfaces was evaluated by the degradation of atrazine in aqueous solution under UV irradiation. Their photocatalytic activity was found to be significantly enhanced (mean kobs 24.1 × 10−3 min−1) when they are deposited on laser-microstructured silicon compared with flat silicon (mean kobs 4.9 × 10−3 min−1), approaching the photocatalytic activity of sol-gel TiO2 fortified with Degussa P25, used as a reference material (mean kobs 32.7 × 10−3 min−1). During the photocatalytic process, several transformation products (TPs) of atrazine, namely 2-chloro-4-(isopropylamino)-6-amino-s-triazine (CIAT), 2-chloro-4-amino-6-(ethylamino)-s-triazine (CAET), and 2-chloro-4.6-diamino-s-triazine (CAAT), were identified with LC–MS/MS. The stability of the photocatalytic surfaces was also investigated and remained unchanged through multiple cycles of usage. The surfaces were further tested with two other pollutants, i.e., 2,4,6-trichlorophenol and bisphenol-a, showing similar photocatalytic activity as with atrazine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Background on the influence of socioeconomic factors in the assessment of damages is important as legal systems in many countries, including Indonesia, often consider various factors when determining the amount of fair compensation for victims in civil cases. Socioeconomic factors such as income, social status and employment can affect a person's ability to obtain adequate compensation after suffering a loss. Purpose. This research aims to study how district courts use socioeconomic factors to make decisions on the assessment of damages. This involves finding and understanding what components are most influential in the decision-making process. Method. The quantitative method involves in-depth interviews and data collection. It also involves obtaining information from judges, lawyers, and other relevant parties to learn more about the socioeconomic components that influence the assessment of damages. Results. The research may find that socio-economic components such as income, employment, or social status have a significant influence on the assessment of damages by the district court. For example, although the losses suffered may be the same, victims with low incomes tend to receive lower damages than victims with high incomes. Conclusion. This research leads to the conclusion that action is needed to improve fairness in the assessment of damages in the district courts. This can be achieved by raising awareness of the impact of socioeconomic factors and ensuring that all parties under the law receive fair treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between the use of social media and student learning outcomes at SMK Negeri 1 Tondano. This type of research uses a quantitative approach with a correlational design. This research is correlational because this research seeks to investigate the correlation between two variables. Quantitative research is a study that uses numbers to collect data and provide an interpretation of the research results. The results of the research are based on descriptive analysis that has been carried out using social media. Students of SMK Negeri 1 Tondano from 45 samples, there is a maximum value of 85 with a mean of 50.81. This means that most students use social media. In this study, it was obtained that the student learning outcomes of SMK Negeri 1 Tondano averaged 77.38 which indicated that the score was above the minimum passing criteria. Thus the Relationship between Social Media Use and Student Learning Outcomes Based on simple linear regression analysis, there is a significant negative relationship between social media use and Student Learning Outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim To quantitatively assess the degree of conversion and the water-leaching targeted compound from 3D-printed aligners. Materials and methods 3D-printed aligners were made of photopolymerized resin (Tera Harz TC85A). The molecular structure and degree of conversion of the set resin were investigated by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy (n = 5). The aligners (n = 10) were immersed in double distilled water for 1 week at 37°C and the eluents were analysed using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry methods (LC–ESI-MS/MS for urethane dimethacrylate [UDMA] and LC–APCI-MS/MS for bispenol-A [BPA]). Results The resin was composed of aliphatic vinyl ester-urethane monomers, with acrylate and/or methacrylate functionalization. The degree of conversion was estimated as to 83%. There was no detection of BPA in any of the assessed samples (0.25 µg/l). Quantifiable amounts of UDMA were detected in all the exposed samples, ranging from 29 to 96 µg/l. Conclusions Although efficiently polymerized and BPA free, the great variability in the amount of UDMA monomer leached from the examined samples may raise concerns on potential health hazards after repeated intraoral exposure, which is indicated for this class of materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polyoxometalate anions (POM), resulting from the condensation of tungstate anions in strongly acidified solutions, can absorb efficiently light in the UV-near Vis region.The produced excited state is a very powerful oxidative reagent which can, mainly via OH radical attack, oxidize and mineralize a great variety of organic pollutants in aqueous solutions, while the photocatalytic circle is closed by reoxidation of the reduced POM, mainly, by O2. Metal ions can also serve as oxidants and close the photocatalytic cycle. In the process metal ions are reduced, precipitated and removed from the solution. Thus photocatalytic treatment for decontamination of waste waters from both organic and inorganic pollutants (metal ions) can be, in principle, achieved. POM+S→hνPOMred+SoxPOMred+Mn+→POM+Mred Atrazine, a widely used herbicide with s-triazine structure, is photodecomposed to cyanuric acid in presence of SiW12O404- in aqueous solutions. However, no precipitation of metal ions is obtained when atrazine is the sole organic substrate in aqueous solutions. The low solubility of atrazine produces insufficient concentration of reduced POM to cause precipitation.

Abstract Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) belong to a group of multifunctional glycans that are abundantly present in human breast milk. While health effects of neutral oligosaccharides have been investigated extensively, a lot remains unknown regarding health effects of acidic oligosaccharides, such as the two sialyllactoses (SLs), 3′sialyllactose (3′SL), and 6′sialyllactose (6′SL). We utilized Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) to investigate the effects of SLs on exercise performance. Using swimming as an endurance‐type exercise, we found that SLs decrease exhaustion, signifying an increase in endurance that is strongest for 6′SL. Through an unbiased metabolomics approach, we identified changes in energy metabolism that correlated with endurance performance. Further investigation suggested that these metabolic changes were related to adaptations of muscle mitochondria that facilitated a shift from beta oxidation to glycogenolysis during exercise. We found that the effect of SLs on endurance performance required AMPK‐ (aak‐1/aak‐2) and adenosine receptor (ador‐1) signaling. We propose a model where SLs alter the metabolic status in the gut, causing a signal from the intestine to the nervous system toward muscle cells, where metabolic adaptation increases exercise performance. Together, our results underline the potential of SLs in exercise‐associated health and contribute to our understanding of the molecular processes involved in nutritionally‐induced health benefits.

LC-MS/MS analysis showed the co-occurrence of cyanotoxins (seven microcystin congeners and cylindrspermopsin, at low levels, <1 g/L) with other cyanobacterial peptides (anabaenopeptins, microginins). Cordeiro et al. [[16]] screened 157 strains from the Azorean Bank of Algae and Cyanobacteria (BACA) for cyanotoxin production (microcystins, saxitoxins and cylindrospermopsins) using qPCR, LC-MS/MS and 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis. Toxic cyanobacteria in freshwater bodies constitute a major threat to public health and aquatic ecosystems [[1]]. Cyanotoxin-producing genes were amplified in 13 strains, and 4 were confirmed as toxin producers by LC-MS/MS. [Extracted from the article]

The usage of s-Triazine herbicides in control of weed in nonagricultural areas and various crop cultures has resulted in a serious contamination of surface drinking and gorundwater supplies in addition to agricultural sites. Atrazine is one of the most used of the s-triazine herbicides. The following study examines the undertaking of aqueous solutions of atrazine decomposing upon illumination from a low pressure Hg-arc lamp.

Researchers from Italy and Greece discovered that chlorinated phenols in aqueous solutions undergo photocatalytic (near visible-UV light) mineralization in the presence of polyoxometalates.