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The current work is an experimental study, with the primary goal of investigating and exploring ways to improve thermal contact conductance through a detailed examination and analysis of metallic contacts and discovering opportunities for enhancement, increased efficiency, and thus heat dissipation using thermal interface materials. The steady-state experiments have been carried out on a simple and calibrated experimental set-up. A comprehensive investigation was conducted to assess the thermal performance of Cu-Al contacts for the selected range of contact pressures and temperatures to suit the electronic industry's distinctive characteristics and technical requirements. As a thermal interface material, graphene paste has been tested under various combinations of interface pressure and heating circumstances against the bare metallic contacts. Error analysis has also been performed for the current experimental investigation. It has been demonstrated that using graphene paste as a thermal interface material thermal contact conductance is improved, significantly enhancing heat dissipation. The results of thermal contact conductance for graphene paste have been compared with the same for silicon grease from literature. The present results thus demonstrate the application and suitability of the selected thermal interface material in the specified range of heating and contact pressure conditions in the context of particularly thermal management applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thermal interface materials (TIM) employed to electronic devices enhances interfacial heat dissipation and thermal contact conductance (TCC). This study compares the performance of TIMs (silicon grease, phase change material (PCM) and composite PCM) on a copper-aluminum contact pair under varying range of contact pressure (0.1 to 0.4 MPa) and interface temperature (35 to 65 °C). Composite PCM is prepared by mixing aluminum powder to PCM in different mass concentrations (4, 8 and 25 wt.%). Result shows that addition of aluminum powder > 8 wt.% to PCM reduces its heat storage capacity and delays heat transfer. Moreover, TCC with silicon grease outperforms PCM by 108%, while CPCM (8 wt. %) is 144% more efficient but costlier than others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The introduction of two-parameter (p , q) -calculus and Lie algebras in 1991 has spurred a wave of recent research into (p , q) -special polynomials, including (p , q) -Bernoulli, (p , q) -Euler, (p , q) -Genocchi and (p , q) -Frobenius–Euler polynomials. These investigations have been carried out by numerous researchers in order to uncover a wide range of identities associated with these polynomials and applications. In this article, we aim to introduce (p , q) -sine and (p , q) -cosine based λ-array type polynomials and derive numerous properties of these polynomials such as (p , q) -integral representations, (p , q) -partial derivative formulae and (p , q) -addition formulae. It is worth noting that the utilization of the (p , q) -polynomials introduced in this study, along with other (p , q) -polynomials, can lead to the derivation of various identities that differ from the ones presented here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many authors investigated the characteristics of the Bell, Euler, Bernoulli, and Genocchi polynomials because of their numerous uses in statistics, number theory, and other branches of science. A generating function for mixed-type Apostol–Euler polynomials of order η related with Bell polynomials is presented in this study. We also construct essential identities of Apostol–Euler polynomials of order η connected with Bell polynomials, such as the correlation formula, the implicit summation formula, the derivative formula, some association with Stirling numbers, and specific cases. Also we establish certain symmetric identities and their known consequences. In addition, we investigate several interesting relationships related to umbral calculus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we provide a generating function for mix type Apostol-Genocchi polynomials of order η associated with Bell polynomials. We also derive certain important identities of Apostol Genocchi polynomials of order η based on Bell polynomials, such as the correlation formula, the implicit summation formula, the derivative formula, some correlation with Stirling numbers and their special instances. Moreover, we discover some symmetric identities and their related known results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many authors defined and extended the beta function in various forms because the beta function has wide uses in different fields of science and applied science. In this article, we define a new more generalized form of the extended beta matrix function via the Wiman matrix function and describe their significant properties and special cases. Furthermore, we define an extension of the Gauss hypergeometric and confluent hypergeometric matrix functions by adopting a novel type of beta matrix function. We also derive their Laplace transform, derivative formula and transformation formulae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The changes happening in the physical therapy education and the profession should be reached and demand to be seen by the other medical professionals to benefit the health care process. At the same time, if attempts are to be prepared to elevate the degree of awareness of physical therapy, it is necessary to evaluate the current attitude and knowledge of the medical interns. So the aim of this study was to find out the current level of awareness and knowledge about physical therapy among the M.B.B.S. medical interns. Methods: An institution based cross sectional study, carried out purely based on the questionnaire method which consist of sets of questions. Prior to the data collection the researcher explained about the study to the subject and an informed consent was obtained from them. The researcher gave the questionnaire form to the subject and was required to fill the frame. The data collected was analysed by using frequency and percentage in IBM SPSS statistics V 19. Results: Only 45% of medical interns had awareness and 42% had knowledge about physical therapy. Conclusion: The results of the study provide information regarding the lack of awareness and knowledge among medical interns about physical therapy. Hence there is a need of educating the future medical professionals about the physical therapy, thereby reaching a better patient care.

The main object of this paper is to introduce a new extension of beta function involving generalized Mittag-leffler function and study its important properties, like integral representation, summation formula, derivative formula, beta distribution, transform formula. Using this definition, we introduce new extended hypergeometric and con uent hypergeometric function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Machine learning‐based efficient temperature‐dependent small‐signal modelling approaches for GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) are presented by the authors here. The first method is an artificial neural network (ANN)‐based and makes use of the well‐known multilayer perceptron (MLP) architecture whereas the second technique is developed using support vector regression (SVR). The models are trained on a large set of measurement data obtained from a 2‐mm GaN‐on‐silicon device operating under varying operating conditions (bias voltages and ambient temperatures) over a wide frequency range of 0.1 to 20 GHz. An excellent agreement is found between the measured and the simulated S‐parameters for both models over the entire frequency range. It is identified that the training process and prediction capability of ANN is superior to SVR. However, the SVR is more robust when compared to the artificial neural network (ANN) in term of its sensitivity to local minima and uniqueness of the final solution. Subsequently, the performances of the proposed ANN‐ and SVR‐based models are improved by incorporating particle swarm optimization (PSO) in the model development process. The PSO improves the uniqueness of the ANN model whereas it enhances the performance of the SVR by optimising its control parameters. The proposed models exhibit very good accuracy and scalability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores and develops efficient temperature‐dependent small‐signal modeling approaches for GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). The multilayer perceptron (MLP) architecture and cascaded MLP architecture of artificial neural network are employed to model temperature dependence of 2‐mm GaN‐on‐silicon device. It is identified that both architectures face problem of dependence on initials values of weights and biases. To overcome this issue, the genetic algorithm (GA) is incorporated in both MLP and cascaded MLP architectures. The models are trained on a large set of operating conditions (bias voltages and ambient temperatures) over a frequency range of 0.1 to 20 GHz and then tested for both temperature interpolation and extrapolation cases to assess their accuracy and robustness. An excellent agreement between the measured and the modeled S‐parameters over the entire frequency range demonstrate the quality and robustness of the proposed technique. It is also shown that the cascaded MLP with GA exhibits better performance but with increased complexity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reports a comparative study of two artificial neural network structures and associated variants used to describe and predict the behavior of 2 × 200 μm2 GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs), utilizing radiofrequency characterization. Two architectures namely multilayer perceptron and cascade feedforward, have been investigated in this work to develop the behavioral model. A study is conducted utilizing the two architectures, all trained using Levenberg‐Marquardt, in terms of accuracy, convergence rate, and generalization capability to develop the behavioral model of GaN HEMT. However, to ensure the robustness of the model, accuracy, convergence rate, time elapsed, and generalization capability of the proposed model is also tested under couple of training algorithms, activation functions, number of hidden layers and neuron embedded inside it, methods for initialization of weights and bias and certain other vital parameters playing vital role in influencing the model accuracy and effectiveness. An excellent agreement found between measured S‐parameters and the proposed model proves the effectiveness of the proposed approach and excellent prediction ability for a sweeping multibias set and broad frequency range of 1 to 18 GHz. Moreover, a very good generalization capability is also recorded under variation of crucial parameters of GaN HEMT‐based neural model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research article, we provide an extended Hurwitz–Lerch zeta function using the extended beta function. We have also investigated the new generalized Hurwitz–Lerch zeta function's exciting characteristics, such as integral representations, differential equations, the Mellin transform and special generating relations. In order to support the main result, we have additionally considered several notable specific cases. Furthermore, we have discussed the solution of the fractional kinetic equation using the new extended Hurwitz–Lerch zeta function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we introduce a new class of generalized Humbert-Hermite polynomials of two variables. We are conscious that the present paper was inspired by a unified presentation of a class of two-variable Humbert's polynomials that generalize the well-known class of Gegenbauer, Humbert, Legendre, Chebycheff, Pincherle, Horadam, Kinnsy, Horadam-Pethe, Djordjevi'c, Gould, Milovanovi'c and Djordjevi'c, Pathan, and Khan polynomials. Also, we present well-known results by analyzing the particular values of the parameter. We give the surface representation of a generalized Humbert-Hermite polynomial using some particular values of the parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we consider a resolvent operator which depends on the composition of two mappings with ⊕ operation. We prove some of the properties of the resolvent operator, that is, that it is single-valued as well as Lipschitz-type-continuous. An existence and convergence result is proven for a generalized implicit set-valued variational inclusion problem with ⊕ operation. Some special cases of a generalized implicit set-valued variational inclusion problem with ⊕ operation are discussed. An example is constructed to illustrate some of the concepts used in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to study new types of generalized nonsmooth exponential type vector variational-like inequality problems involving Mordukhovich limiting subdifferential operator. We establish some relationships between generalized nonsmooth exponential type vector variational-like inequality problems and vector optimization problems under some invexity assumptions. The celebrated Fan-KKM theorem is used to obtain the existence of solution of generalized nonsmooth exponential-type vector variational like inequality problems. In support of our main result, some examples are given. Our results presented in this article improve, extend, and generalize some known results offer in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]