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Objectives: To identify the dermatological system drugs that may be prescribed by Chinese dermatological nurses through expert consensus.

To evaluate the effects of calcium supplementation on bone mineral density in children.

Ligand‐protected heterometallic nanoclusters in contrast to homo‐metal counterparts show more broad applications due to the synergistic effect of hetero‐metals but their controllable syntheses remain a challenge. Among heterometallic nanoclusters, monovalent Ag‐Cu compounds are rarely explored due to much difference of Ag(I) and Cu(I) such as atom radius, coordination habits, and redox potential. Encouraged by copper‐catalyzed alkyne‐azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction, comproportionation reaction of Cu(II)X2 and Cu(0) in the presence of (PhC≡CAg)n complex and molybdate generated a core‐shell peanut‐shaped 66‐nuclear Ag(I)‐Cu(I) heterometallic nanocluster, [(Mo4O16)2@Cu12Ag54(PhC≡C)50] (referred to as Ag54Cu12). The structure and composition of Ag‐Cu heterometallic nanocluster are fully characterized. X‐ray single crystal diffraction reveals that Ag54Cu12 has a peanut‐shaped silver(I)/copper(I) heterometallic nanocage protected by fifty phenylacetylene ligands in µ3–modes and encapsulated two mutually twisted tetramolybdates. Heterometallic nanocage contains a 54‐Ag‐atom outer ellipsoid silver cage decorated by 12 copper inside wall. Nanosized Ag54Cu12 is a n‐type narrow‐band‐gap semiconductor with a good photocurrent response. Preliminary experiments demonstrates that Ag54Cu12 itself and activated carbon supported Ag54Cu12/C are effective catalysts for 1,3‐dipole cycloaddition between alkynes and azides at ambient conditions. The work provides not only a new synthetic route toward Ag(I)‐Cu(I) nanoclusters but also an important heterometallic intermediate in CuAAC catalytic reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To assess the effectiveness of decision aids in the treatment, prevention and screening of breast cancer patients. Design: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Methods: The review protocol was registered in the CRD Prospero database(CRD42020173028). A literature search was carried out in five databases: PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of science data in January 2020. We used The Cochrane risk bias assessment tool to evaluate the literature quality of included trials and the Review Manager 5.2 software to analyse data. Results: We included 22 studies. Compared with the conventional methods, decision aids reduced treatment decision conflicts and had no significant effect on screening decision conflicts (WMD=−2.25, 95% CI = ‐ 2.64,‐1.87, p <.0001; WMD=−1.37, 95% CI = ‐ 3.57,0.83, p =.22). Three were no statistical differences in participants' anxiety, decision regret, knowledge, informed choice and decision‐making satisfaction between the two groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lanthanide metal–organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs) have demonstrated great potential in luminescence sensing and optical anti-counterfeiting. High-security anti-counterfeiting technology is of great importance and requires the development of universal luminescent materials with multiple modes of emission and adjustable photoluminescence. Herein, a 3D red light emission microporous europium(III) metal–organic framework [Eu3(OH)(1,3-db)2(H2O)4]·3H2O (1) (1,3-db = 1,3-di(3′,5′-dicarboxylpheny) benzene) was constructed from a zigzag [Eu3(COO)8] chain and π-electron-rich terphenyl-tetracarboxylate. Notably, the quenched fluorescence of 1 under hydrogen chloride vapor could be recovered upon fuming by a vapor of Et3N. Most strikingly, the strong blue light emission by nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots (N,S-CDs) could be encapsulated in 1 to generate a dual-emission composite, namely, N,S-CDs@Eu-MOF, which shows solvent-dependent photoluminescence: N,S-CD-related blue luminescence in water and Eu-MOF-related red emission in organic solvents. Taking advantage of the above unique reversible fluorescent behavior, Eu-MOF and N,S-CDs@Eu-MOF are prepared as fluorescent high-security inks to achieve data encryption and decryption on specific flower patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Density functional theory calculations combined with the energy and building-block decomposition analyses have been carried out to investigate the structures, stability orders, redox potentials and proton binding of the six Baker–Figgis isomers (α, β, γ, α*, β* and γ*) of [(SbO6)W18O54(OH)2]9− {H2SbW18} and [(NaF6)W18O54(OH)2]7− {H2NaW18} anions at the level of PBEsol-D3/TZP. Both bonding energy and Gibbs free energy analyses exhibit that the two non-classical Wells–Dawson (WD) species behave quite differently from each other. The pyroanimonate {H2SbW18}, with a stability order of γ* ＞ β* ＞ α ＞ α* ＞ β ＞ γ, is a non-classical WD species, while the hexafluoride {H2NaW18} (α ＞ β ＞ γ ＞ γ* ＞ β* ＞ α*) is a transition intermediate between classical and non-classical WD types, possessing both non-classical ([XW18O60(OH)2]n−, X = I, Te and W) and classical [Si2W18O62]8− properties. Energy decomposition analyses (EDA) reveal that spatial arrangement (Ehost), host–guest fragment interaction energy (FIE), and structural distortion energy (DE) are three key factors governing the relative stability of isomers; among these, DE is always dominant, while FIE and Ehost are subordinated but are still important. Building-block decomposition analyses (BDA) disclose that the octahedral {MO6} units of the equatorial belt, particularly the staggered belt, are always more distorted than those of the two polar caps inside each structure. The theoretical redox potentials demonstrate that the oxidizing power increases with a trend of α ＜ β ＜ γ and α* ＜ β* ＜ γ* for both species, and the first redox potential is closely related to the energy level of the LUMO of each anion. Evaluation of the proton inclusion energies suggests that {H2NaW18} can only embed two protons, while {H2SbW18} may encapsulate four; the number of embedded protons is controlled by both the charge of the heteroatom X and the volume of the tetrahedral {O4}/{OF3} cavity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the most important document, the validity of the security target is mostly dependent on the accuracy of security problem definition. However there Is no necessary model and method in the security problem definition process. To reduce the subjectivity, taking IC card international terminal production applied in the online payment as the research object, a method of the threat definition was proposed based on the threat modeling method of the security development lifecycle (SDL) and threat tree analyzing. Furthermore, the definition method and considerations of other contents in security problem definition were illustrated. This paper will lay a foundation for the proposal of accurate security counter-measures in security target. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The diagnosis and treatment of cancer of unknown primary site (CUP) present with difficulties and produce a poor prognosis. The current study presents the case of a patient with CUP in the mandibular region was treated with docetaxel and lobaplatin chemotherapy, and vascular embolization of the tumor. The tumor size was markedly reduced and the patient's quality of life improved following radiotherapy. The present case report is accompanied by a discussion of the literature to contextualize the treatment regimen for patients with CUP. These findings will support current treatment practices, inform oncologists and benefit patients with cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dermatomyositis ( DM) is a polygenic disorder characterized by inflammation of skeletal muscle and skin. To date, the exact etiopathogenesis of DM remains elusive. To explore the genetic basis of DM, we conducted genome-wide genotyping analysis of 127 patients and 1566 healthy controls by Illumina Human OmniZhongHua-8 BeadChips in the Chinese Han population. We investigated whether the three SNP (, and ) at 6p21.32 in the HLA- DPB1 gene were significantly associated with DM ( P < 5 × 10−8) and identified two susceptibility loci at 7q34 ( PIP, , P = 7.45 × 10−7, odds ratio [ OR] = 2.71) and 10q24.2 ( CPN1, , P = 9.04 × 10−7, OR = 4.39) with suggestive evidence. We imputed 6674 classical human leukocyte antigen ( HLA) alleles, amino acids and SNP from the discovery dataset, and stepwise analysis revealed that HLA- DPB1*17 in class II HLA genes were significantly associated with DM susceptibility. This study represents the first genome-wide association study ( GWAS) of DM in the Chinese Han population. For the first time, HLA- DPB1 was found to be associated with DM in this population. Moreover, we identified two novel suggestive susceptibility loci ( PIP and CPN1) and confirmed four previously reported genes ( DMB, DQA1, DQB1 and DRB1) having potential associations with DM in the Chinese Han population. Our GWAS results in this population should provide important information regarding the genetic etiopathogenesis of DM and facilitate the development of new therapies for the treatment of DM and the prevention of DM progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Well-defined polymethylene- block-polystyrene (PM- b-PS) diblock copolymers were synthesized via a combination of polyhomologation of ylides and reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization of styrene. Trithiocarbonate-terminated polymethylenes (PM-TTCB) ( Mn = 1400 g mol−1; Mw/ Mn = 1.09 and Mn = 2100 g mol−1; Mw/ Mn = 1.20) were obtained via an esterification of S−1-dodecyl-S′-(α,α′-dimethyl-α″-acetate) trithiocarbonate with hydroxyl-terminated polymethylene synthesized via polyhomologation of ylides followed by oxidation. Then, a series of PM- b-PS ( Mn = 5500-34,000 g mol−1; Mw/ Mn = 1.12-1.25) diblock copolymers were obtained by RAFT polymerization of styrene using PM-TTCB as a macromolecular chain-transfer agent. The chain structures of all the polymers were characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The thiocarbonylthio end-group of PM- b-PS was transformed into thiol group by aminolysis and confirmed by UV-vis spectroscopy. In addition, microfibers and microspheres of such diblock copolymers were fabricated by electrospinning process and observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 2892-2899 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the features of the forest products trading information, a compound keywords vector space model was utilized to represent the user interest model of the forest products trading information website. Every compound keyword in the vector space consists of three keywords, which are supply and demand classification, the name of the forest product and the production place, and some information about the specifications, price and the company name of the forest products. Every compound keyword has a user interest value. The learning and updating of the user interest model were reaiized through the browsing, registering and releasing behaviors of the users and introducing the forgetting factors for the interest values, respectively. The perssstent interests and the temporary interests of the users were distinguished by introducing a temporary interests group. Finally, the recommendation algorithms based on the contents itering were proposed based on our user interest model, and its advantage was demonstrated by comparison experiments [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease with a complex genetic architecture. To further advance gene discovery, we extended our genome-wide association study data set of 1,139 cases and 2,234 controls and replicated two independent cohorts of 7,200 cases and 10,491 controls. We identified the missense variant rs2303138 (p.Ala763Thr) within the LNPEP gene associated with psoriasis (Pcombined=1.83 × 10−13, odds ratio=1.16) and validated four previously reported genes: IL28RA, NFKBIA, TRAF3IP2, and CARD14 (9.74 × 10−11P9.37 × 10−5), which confirmed the involvement of the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway in psoriasis pathogenesis. LNPEP, also named insulin-responsive aminopeptidase, was identified as an angiotensin IV receptor. Protein function prediction suggested that this missense variant of LNPEP was most likely deleterious. Expression analysis showed that LNPEP was significantly downregulated in psoriatic lesions compared with the control skin (P=1.44 × 10−6) and uninvolved patient skin (P=2.95 × 10−4). Pathway analysis indicated that LNPEP was involved in the renin-angiotensin system, which also has a key role in cardiovascular disease and diabetes. These results provided genetic evidence that psoriasis might share common mechanisms with hypertension and diabetes, which was consistent with clinical observations. Our study identified a genetic susceptibility factor and provided genetic evidence of insight into psoriasis pathogenesis with the involvement of the renin-angiotensin system pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A polyoxometalate-templated thiolate-protected silver nanocluster, [Cu 3 (Mo 4 O 16 ) 2 @Ag 55 (CyhS) 43 (CH 3 O)(COOCF 3 )]·3H 2 O, has been isolated under solvothermal conditions. In situ insertion of three Cu 2+ ions into two polymolybdate anions generated a new, sandwich-type D 3h -symmetric [Cu 3 (Mo 4 O 16 ) 2 ] 10- polyoxoanion template encapsulated into an Ag 55 (CyhS) 43 shell. The structure and composition of this Ag nanocluster have been fully characterized. This work has provided a new way to develop high-nuclearity metal nanoclusters with various structures.

Forest resource survey is important for the sustainable development of forest ecosystem in China. The average tree height is a main structural parameter of forest resource survey, and also one of the key parameters with greatest difficulty to obtain. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential of joint active and passive remote sensing technology in estimating forest average height. Taking Xixiaoshan Forest Farm in Linjiang City of Jilin Province as the research area, we used Sentinel-1 SAR and Sentinel-2A data, extracted two backscatter coefficients and eight texture information of Sentinel-1, ten spectral bands and texture information of Sentinel-2A and eleven vegetation index variables, constructed five groups of average tree height estimation models based on above variables and fusion of four variables by multiple linear regression method. We further evaluated the influence of each variable on the inversion accuracy. The results showed that the texture information extracted from the Sentinel-2A spectral band of a single data source variable had a better modeling effect and could be used as effective data to estimate the average tree height. The height estimation model of the integrated four variables was optimal, with a R 2 vaule of 0.56, a root mean square error of leave-one-out cross-validation of 2.92 m, and a relative root mean square error of leave-one-out cross-validation of 21.5%. The forest average height model based on Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2a characteristic variables could improve the estimation accuracy of forest height, which could be used for regional forest average height estimation and mapping.

The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of a rapidly spreading illness, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), affecting more than seventeen million people around the world. Diagnosis and treatment guidelines for clinicians caring for patients are needed. In the early stage, we have issued "A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia (standard version)"; now there are many direct evidences emerged and may change some of previous recommendations and it is ripe for develop an evidence-based guideline. We formed a working group of clinical experts and methodologists. The steering group members proposed 29 questions that are relevant to the management of COVID-19 covering the following areas: chemoprophylaxis, diagnosis, treatments, and discharge management. We searched the literature for direct evidence on the management of COVID-19, and assessed its certainty generated recommendations using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Recommendations were either strong or weak, or in the form of ungraded consensus-based statement. Finally, we issued 34 statements. Among them, 6 were strong recommendations for, 14 were weak recommendations for, 3 were weak recommendations against and 11 were ungraded consensus-based statement. They covered topics of chemoprophylaxis (including agents and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) agents), diagnosis (including clinical manifestations, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respiratory tract specimens, IgM and IgG antibody tests, chest computed tomography, chest x-ray, and CT features of asymptomatic infections), treatments (including lopinavir-ritonavir, umifenovir, favipiravir, interferon, remdesivir, combination of antiviral drugs, hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine, interleukin-6 inhibitors, interleukin-1 inhibitors, glucocorticoid, qingfei paidu decoction, lianhua qingwen granules/capsules, convalescent plasma, lung transplantation, invasive or noninvasive ventilation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)), and discharge management (including discharge criteria and management plan in patients whose RT-PCR retesting shows SARS-CoV-2 positive after discharge). We also created two figures of these recommendations for the implementation purpose. We hope these recommendations can help support healthcare workers caring for COVID-19 patients.

Density functional theory calculations combined with the energy and building-block decomposition analyses have been carried out to investigate the structures, stability orders, redox potentials and proton binding of the six Baker-Figgis isomers (α, β, γ, α*, β* and γ*) of [(SbO 6 )W 18 O 54 (OH) 2 ] 9- {H 2 SbW 18 } and [(NaF 6 )W 18 O 54 (OH) 2 ] 7- {H 2 NaW 18 } anions at the level of PBEsol-D3/TZP. Both bonding energy and Gibbs free energy analyses exhibit that the two non-classical Wells-Dawson (WD) species behave quite differently from each other. The pyroanimonate {H 2 SbW 18 }, with a stability order of γ* > β* > α > α* > β > γ, is a non-classical WD species, while the hexafluoride {H 2 NaW 18 } (α > β > γ > γ* > β* > α*) is a transition intermediate between classical and non-classical WD types, possessing both non-classical ([XW 18 O 60 (OH) 2 ] n- , X = I, Te and W) and classical [Si 2 W 18 O 62 ] 8- properties. Energy decomposition analyses (EDA) reveal that spatial arrangement (E host ), host-guest fragment interaction energy (FIE), and structural distortion energy (DE) are three key factors governing the relative stability of isomers; among these, DE is always dominant, while FIE and E host are subordinated but are still important. Building-block decomposition analyses (BDA) disclose that the octahedral {MO 6 } units of the equatorial belt, particularly the staggered belt, are always more distorted than those of the two polar caps inside each structure. The theoretical redox potentials demonstrate that the oxidizing power increases with a trend of α < β < γ and α* < β* < γ* for both species, and the first redox potential is closely related to the energy level of the LUMO of each anion. Evaluation of the proton inclusion energies suggests that {H 2 NaW 18 } can only embed two protons, while {H 2 SbW 18 } may encapsulate four; the number of embedded protons is controlled by both the charge of the heteroatom X and the volume of the tetrahedral {O 4 }/{OF 3 } cavity.

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease. Currently, numerous genetic loci of SLE have been confirmed. Here we try to further explore additional genes contributing to SLE susceptibility in this study., Methods: Forty nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with moderate-risk for SLE in previous study were genotyped in a large-scale replication study with a total of 3,522 cases and 8,252 controls using the Sequenom Massarray system. Association analyses were performed using logistic regression with gender or sample cohorts as a covariate through PLINK 1.07 software., Results: This replication effort confirmed five reported SLE susceptibility loci reaching genome-wide levels of significance (P(meta) <5.00 × 10(-08)): TNFSF4 (rs1418190, odds ratio (OR) = 0.81, P(meta) = 1.08 × 10(-08); rs4916219, OR = 0.80, P(meta )= 7.77 × 10(-09)), IRF8 (rs2934498, OR = 1.25, P(meta) = 4.97 × 10(-09)), miR-146a (rs2431697, OR = 0.69, P(meta) = 1.15 × 10(-22)), CD44 (rs2732547, OR = 0.82, P(meta) = 1.55 × 10(-11)), and TMEM39A (rs12494314, OR = 0.84, P(meta) = 1.01 × 10(-09)). Further logistic regression analysis indicated that the genetic effects within TNFSF4 detected in this study are independent from our previously reported signals., Conclusions: This study increases the number of established susceptibility loci for SLE in Han Chinese population and highlights the contribution of multiple variants of modest effect. Although further studies will be required to identify the causal alleles within these loci, the findings make a significant step forward in our understanding of the genetic contribution to SLE in Chinese population.

Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP) is an autosomal dominantly inherited epidermal keratinization disorder whose etiology remains unclear. We performed exome sequencing in one unaffected and two affected individuals from a DSAP family. The mevalonate kinase gene (MVK) emerged as the only candidate gene located in previously defined linkage regions after filtering against existing SNP databases, eight HapMap exomes and 1000 Genomes Project data and taking into consideration the functional implications of the mutations. Sanger sequencing in 57 individuals with familial DSAP and 25 individuals with sporadic DSAP identified MVK mutations in 33% and 16% of these individuals (cases), respectively. All 14 MVK mutations identified in our study were absent in 676 individuals without DSAP. Our functional studies in cultured primary keratinocytes suggest that MVK has a role in regulating calcium-induced keratinocyte differentiation and could protect keratinocytes from apoptosis induced by type A ultraviolet radiation. Our results should help advance the understanding of DSAP pathogenesis.

Atopic diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD) and asthma, are closely related to clinical phenotypes with hypersensitivity, and often share some similar genetic and pathogenic bases. Our recent GWAS identified three susceptibility gene/loci FLG (rs11204971 and rs3126085), 5q22.1 (rs10067777, rs7701890, rs13360927 and rs13361382) and 20q13.33 (rs6010620) to AD. The effect of these AD associated polymorphisms in asthma is so far unknown. To investigate whether AD relevant genetic variants is identical to asthma and reveal the differences in genetic factors between AD and asthma in Chinese Han population, seven AD associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as well as 3 other SNPs (rs7936562 and rs7124842 at 11q13.5 and rs4982958 at 14q11.2) from our previous AD GWAS were genotyped in 463 asthma patients and 985 controls using Sequenom MassArray system. We found rs4982958 at 14q11.2 was significantly associated with asthma (P = 3.04×10(-4), OR = 0.73). We also detected one significant risk haplotype GGGA from the 4 SNPs (rs10067777, rs7701890, rs13360927 and rs13361382) at 5q22.1 in AD cases (P(correction) = 3.60×10(-10), OR = 1.26), and the haplotype was suggestive of risk in asthma cases in this study (P = 0.014, P(correction) = 0.084, OR = 1.38). These SNPs (rs11204971, rs3126085, rs7936562, rs712484 and rs6010620) at AD susceptibility genes/loci FLG, 11q13.5 and 20q13.33 were not associated with asthma in this study. Our results further comfirmed that 14q11.2 was an important candidate locus for asthma and demonstrated that 5q22.1 might be shared by AD and asthma in Chinese Han population.

We conducted a genome-wide association study of generalized vitiligo in the Chinese Han population by genotyping 1,117 cases and 1,429 controls. The 34 most promising SNPs were carried forward for replication in samples from individuals of the Chinese Han (5,910 cases and 9,916 controls) and Chinese Uygur (713 cases and 824 controls) populations. We identified two independent association signals within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region (rs11966200, Pcombined=1.48x10(-48), OR=1.90; rs9468925, Pcombined=2.21x10(-33), OR=0.74). Further analyses suggested that the strong association at rs11966200 might reflect the reported association of the HLA-A*3001, HLA-B*1302, HLA-C*0602 and HLA-DRB1*0701 alleles and that the association at rs9468925 might represent a previously unknown HLA susceptibility allele. We also identified one previously undescribed risk locus at 6q27 (rs2236313, Pcombined=9.72x10(-17), OR=1.20), which contains three genes: RNASET2, FGFR1OP and CCR6. Our study provides new insights into the genetic basis of vitiligo.

There are two half-mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit of the title compound, [Cu(3)(C(13)H(9)N(2)O(3))(2)(C(5)H(5)N)(4)], and crystallographic inversion symmetry completes each trinuclear mol-ecule. In both mol-ecules, the central Cu atom (site symmetry ) adopts a distorted trans-CuO(2)N(4) octa-hedral geometry, arising from its coordination by two N,O-bidentate aroylhydrazine ligands and two pyridine mol-ecules. The peripheral Cu atoms adopt trans-CuN(2)O(2) square-planar coordinations arising from an N,O,O-tri-dentate ligand (that also bonds to the central Cu atom) and a pyridine mol-ecule.

In the title dinuclear complex, [Cu(2)(C(19)H(11)N(3)O(3)S)(C(5)H(5)N)(2)], the two Cu(II) centers have different coordination environments, viz. N(2)OS and N(2)O(2), each exhibiting a distorted square-planar geometry. π-π inter-actions between the aromatic rings of neighbouring complexes [centroid-centroid distance = 3.856 (5) Å] link pairs of mol-ecules into centrosymmetric dimers, which are further packed into stacks along the b axis with relatively short Cu⋯Cu separations of 3.482 (1) Å. Weak inter-molecular C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds help to consolidate the crystal packing.

Objective: To review our experiences with diagnosis and treatment of 6 cases of penetrating injury to the left ventricle., Methods: Six patients were admitted to the emergency department 0.5 to 3 h after the injury, all with shock and 3 with obvious pericardiac tamponade. All the patients received immediate thoracotomy for repairing the ruptured left ventricle, sub-pericardial window and pericardiocentesis, with also blood autotransfusion., Results: All patients survived the operations. One patient required reexploration because of hemorrhage in the chest and two presented ST-segment changes in postoperative ECG, and one had nonspecific intraventricular conduction delay with T-wave inversion., Conclusions: Penetrating injury to the left ventricle is manifested by low blood pressure and signs of pericardial tamponade. Immediate thoracotomy to relieve the tamponade and effective hemostasis can be critical for management of such patients.