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Study groups and learning circles can offer a systematic way for early childhood teachers to interact about their work and create a culture of professional development. This paper describes how faculty systematically followed a collaborative co-inquiry process in order to improve a new early childhood interdisciplinary teacher preparation program. The team met on a regular basis throughout one academic year, with the stated objective of infusing observation/documentation knowledge and skills in a coherent and systematic way throughout the students' program of studies. The group created a template of the "cycle of inquiry," which could apply to all courses, and analyzed the documentation process along a series of "skill dimensions": (1) "level" that students are expected to achieve (awareness, application, refinement/integration); (2) "focus" of the students' observations (who, what, where, when, how); (3) width of the "lens" of observation (e.g., focused narrowly on one dimension of behavior or widely on a whole classroom environment); (4) "intended audience" of the completed documentation (e.g., children, parents, professional colleagues); and (5) "finished product" of documentation (e.g., project panel, memory book, slide presentation). The co-inquiry process allowed the faculty to improve the ways that the program helps students move from an awareness level toward a practitioner level in using observation and documentation. The students' reflections and finished work suggest how they learned to promote children's learning, partner with parents, and come to think of themselves as "professionals" in their field.

Rapid reviews of research are a key way in which policy makers use research. This paper examines 74 rapid reviews commissioned by health policy agencies through the Sax Institute's Evidence Check programme. We examine what prompted policy makers to commission rapid reviews, their purpose, how and when they intended to use them, and how this varied by agency. Policy makers commissioned rapid reviews primarily as part of planned policy processes and to identify alternative solutions to problems. Government departments responsible for multiple policy domains were more likely to commission rapid reviews for agenda setting and to test new ideas.

The article discusses the ambiguity of the term "spirituality" in contemporary theology. It highlights the relationship with religious traditions and academic research. It reports that scholars express concerns about its fluidity, especially in Christian theology. It mentions that recent scholarship proposes a three-tiered model to understand its semantic development, typology, and interdependence with theology.

Pediatricians are well-positioned to screen for early childhood adversities, but effective responses to positive screens require an understanding of which adversities typically co-occur, and to what extent they are associated with other risk or protective factors. Among children seen at an urban academic pediatric practice, this study aimed to (1) examine the prevalence of different types of early adversity and protective experiences reported by primary caregivers, and (2) define latent classes of co-occurring adversities. Of 1434 children whose parents completed the Safe Environment for Every Kid (SEEK) at well-child visits during November 2019–January 2021, three classes of adverse experiences emerged, including those reporting low adversity (L; 73%), caregiver stress (CS; 17%), and both caregiver stress and depression (CSD; 10%). Among those who also completed the Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire (ACE-Q, n = 1373) and the Protective and Compensatory Experiences Scale (PACES, n = 1377), belonging to the L class was associated with lower ACE-Q and higher PACES scores. For parent-respondents only, ACE-Q scores were significantly greater for the CSD class compared to the CS and L classes. Pediatricians should attend to the needs of caregivers reporting both stress and depression, as these families may face especially high levels of adversity and low levels of protective factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

If a picture is worth a thousand words, how many words is a whole picture book worth? This was exactly the question Pierce School teachers asked themselves when they began the project of compiling a photo library for creating realistic and relevant short texts by and for students across all grades in their K-8 elementary school. In an effort to motivate young readers, inspire young authors, and use literacy to strengthen the school community, teachers and students compiled photographs to create an image library for creating texts about their school community. Teachers then guided their students to create a variety of texts using photos from the shared library of images as illustrations or prompts for writing in. These student-created texts form a corpus of narrative and informational texts that build on images that are accessible and meaningful to all members of the school community. (Contains 1 table.)

Patients present to primary care clinics with a variety of experiences, including exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and other social determinants of health. The pervasive impact of early adversity on later healthcare outcomes has resulted in the development of trauma-informed care principles that can be applied to healthcare settings. The primary aim of this study is to improve understanding of patient and staff experiences within a trauma-informed urban healthcare setting to guide considerations and recommendations when implementing such a model. A phenomenologic approach was taken using an interpretivist paradigm to collect qualitative data by conducting patient and staff focus groups. The following themes were identified: the communal experience of significant trauma, lack of continuity of care and time for each appointment, the importance of a sense of community and standardization and normalization of asking about trauma, development of social support networks, and creating a safe and non-judgmental healthcare space. Based on findings, considerations for implementing a trauma-informed healthcare model are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The stepwise symmetry-allowed cycloaddition reactions of [[SNS].sup.+] with the dinitriles NC-X-CN (X = C[Cl.sub.2], CO) were investigated. The reaction of [[SNS].sup.+] and dinitrile in 2:1 ratio yielded the dicycloaddition [...]

Psychiatric disorders are becoming more frequently diagnosed within the pediatric primary care setting. Despite increased diagnosis within primary care, only a minority of patients receive further psychiatric or specialty care. The integrated/collaborative care treatment model was designed to improve access within primary care. The purpose of this review is to identify randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies that have investigated whether increased access improves treatment engagement, satisfaction, and improved mental health outcomes. Six studies met inclusion criteria. Studies reviewed indicated increased access to behavioral health treatment through use of the integrated/collaborative care model and improved mental health outcomes. Recommendations for screening and treatment are provided. Limitations of the reviewed studies include lack of generalizability to urban populations, minority youth, and youth younger than 4 years of age. Practice recommendations to address these limitations are identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Study groups and learning circles can offer a systematic way for early childhood teachers to interact about their work and create a culture of professional development. This paper describes […]

The article offers insight on the pilgrim that overcomes the temptations in abandoning a permanent religious vocation in the context of St. Ignatius of Loyola's guidance. Topics discussed include the religious advice of St. Ignatius to those who were dissatisfied with their conventional life, his emphasis on the significance of perseverance, and the call to self-amendment.

The Blackfoot Cave site (5DA2358) in eastern Douglas County was excavated by the Denver Chapter of the Colorado Archaeological Society between 2007 and 2014. Two rock shelters comprise the focal point of the site although the site boundaries extend well beyond the shelters in all directions. The site is multicomponent, exhibiting prehistoric and historical archaeological materials that represent a lengthy span of human occupation. A working ranch for over a century, the site has been subjected to impacts that have resulted in some modification of surface contours and considerable mixing of artifacts of different ages. Fifty-three 1 m x 1 m units were excavated in multiple areas of the site. Of this number, 22 were deemed sufficiently undisturbed that comprehensive analysis of artifacts and other remains was warrranted. Excavated materials of prehistoric age include lithic, ground stone, and ceramic artifacts in addition to faunal and macrobotanical remains. Based on radiocarbon dates in combination with projectile point styles and ceramics, the prehistoric occupation of the site is believed to have extended from the Early Archaic period to at least the Middle Ceramic period, with possible evidence during the Paleoindian period and early Protohistoric as well. Occupation of Blackfoot Cave occurred intermittently but repeatedly beginning ca. 6,000 years ago or perhaps earlier, and the intensity of use appears to have increased during the Early Ceramic period. Due to the presence of a perennial spring, it is possible that habitation at the site was prolonged beyond the time when most other sites in the region were abandoned as a result of drought conditions. Historical cultural materials include square and round nails, various apothecary and other bottles and jars, children's toys, white heart trade beads, a musket ball, and faunal remains including butchered bison bone. Pre-homestead use of the site area, ca. 1840s-1890s, is represented by scant artifacts and faunal materials, while the ranching history, beginning in the 1870s and intensifying at approximately the turn of the twentieth century, is evident in the form of abundant artifacts and faunal materials as well as structures and structural remnants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on ways to nurture learning and development of children toward nature through environmental education. It explores the environmental-based education at the Ruth Staples Child Development Laboratory (CDL) for the University of Nebraska in Lincoln, Nebraska which aims to promote environmental literacy on the relationship between the natural environment and the health of people. It says that environmental-based education uses environment to improve children's overall development and learning. It discusses six principles of environmental education identified by the North American Association for Environmental Education (NAAEE) including interdependence, systems, and lifelong learning. It provides guidance for implementing environmental education among young children.

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Chemistry is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) can be anatomically divided into anteromedial (AM) and posterolateral (PL) bundles. Current ACL reconstruction techniques focus primarily on reproducing the AM bundle, but are insufficient in response to rotatory loads. The objective of this study was to determine the distribution of in situ force between the two bundles when the knee is subjected to anterior tibial and rotatory loads. Ten cadaveric knees (50 ± 10 years) were tested using a robotic/universal force-moment sensor (UFS) testing system. Two external loading conditions were applied: a 134 N anterior tibial load at full knee extension and 15°, 30°, 60°, and 90° of flexion and a combined rotatory load of 10 N m valgus and 5 N m internal tibial torque at 15° and 30° of flexion. The resulting 6 degrees of freedom kinematics of the knee and the in situ forces in the ACL and its two bundles were determined. Under an anterior tibial load, the in situ force in the PL bundle was the highest at full extension (67 ± 30 N) and decreased with increasing flexion. The in situ force in the AM bundle was lower than in the PL bundle at full extension, but increased with increasing flexion, reaching a maximum (90 ± 17 N) at 60° of flexion and then decreasing at 90°. Under a combined rotatory load, the in situ force of the PL bundle was higher at 15° (21 ± 11 N) and lower at 30° of flexion (14 ± 6 N). The in situ force in the AM bundle was similar at 15° and 30° of knee flexion (30 ± 15 vs. 35 ± 16 N, respectively). Comparing these two external loading conditions demonstrated the importance of the PL bundle, especially when the knee is near full extension. These findings provide a better understanding of the function of the two bundles of the ACL and could serve as a basis for future considerations of surgical reconstruction in the replacement of the ACL. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule family 1 (SLA MF1) is an Ig-like receptor and a costimulatory molecule that initiates signal transduction networks in a variety of immune cells. In this study, we report that SLA MF1 is required for Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated induction of interferon β (IFNβ) and for killing of Gram-negative bacteria by human macrophages. We found that SLA MF1 controls trafficking of the Toll receptor--associated molecule (TRAM) from the endocytic recycling compartment (ERC) to Escherichia coli phagosomes. In resting macrophages, SLA MF1 is localized to ERC, but upon addition of E. coli, it is trafficked together with TRAM from ERC to E. coli phagosomes in a Rab11- dependent manner. We found that endogenous SLA MF1 protein interacted with TRAM and defined key interaction domains as amino acids 68 to 95 of TRAM as well as 15 C-terminal amino acids of SLA MF1. Interestingly, the SLA MF1--TRAM interaction was observed for human but not mouse proteins. Overall, our observations suggest that SLA MF1 is a new target for modulation of TLR4--TRAM--TRIF inflammatory signaling in human cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule family 1 (SLAMF1) is an Ig-like receptor and a costimulatory molecule that initiates signal transduction networks in a variety of immune cells. In this study, we report that SLAMF1 is required for Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated induction of interferon β (IFNβ) and for killing of Gram-negative bacteria by human macrophages. We found that SLAMF1 controls trafficking of the Toll receptor-associated molecule (TRAM) from the endocytic recycling compartment (ERC) to Escherichia coli phagosomes. In resting macrophages, SLAMF1 is localized to ERC, but upon addition of E. coli , it is trafficked together with TRAM from ERC to E. coli phagosomes in a Rab11-dependent manner. We found that endogenous SLAMF1 protein interacted with TRAM and defined key interaction domains as amino acids 68 to 95 of TRAM as well as 15 C-terminal amino acids of SLAMF1. Interestingly, the SLAMF1-TRAM interaction was observed for human but not mouse proteins. Overall, our observations suggest that SLAMF1 is a new target for modulation of TLR4-TRAM-TRIF inflammatory signaling in human cells., (© 2018 Yurchenko et al.)