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As part of the EUREC4A (Elucidating the role of cloud–circulation coupling in climate) field campaign, which took place in January and February 2020 over the western tropical Atlantic near Barbados, the French SAFIRE ATR42 research aircraft (ATR) conducted 19 flights in the lower troposphere. Each flight followed a common flight pattern that sampled the atmosphere around the cloud base level, at different heights of the subcloud layer, near the sea surface and in the lower free troposphere. The aircraft's payload included a backscatter lidar and a Doppler cloud radar that were both horizontally oriented; a Doppler cloud radar looking upward; microphysical probes; a cavity ring-down spectrometer for water isotopes; a multiwavelength radiometer; a visible camera; and multiple meteorological sensors, including fast rate sensors for turbulence measurements. With this instrumentation, the ATR characterized the macrophysical and microphysical properties of trade-wind clouds together with their thermodynamical, turbulent and radiative environment. This paper presents the airborne operations, the flight segmentation, the instrumentation, the data processing and the EUREC4A datasets produced from the ATR measurements. It shows that the ATR measurements of humidity, wind and cloud base cloud fraction measured with different techniques and samplings are internally consistent; that meteorological measurements are consistent with estimates from dropsondes launched from an overflying aircraft (the High Altitude and LOng Range Research Aircraft, HALO); and that water-isotopic measurements are well correlated with data from the Barbados Cloud Observatory. This consistency demonstrates the robustness of the ATR measurements of humidity, wind, cloud base cloud fraction and water-isotopic composition during EUREC4A. It also confirms that through their repeated flight patterns, the ATR and HALO measurements provided a statistically consistent sampling of trade-wind clouds and of their environment. The ATR datasets are freely available at the locations specified in Table 11.

During the EUREC4A field experiment that took place over the tropical Atlantic Ocean east of Barbados, the French ATR 42 environment research aircraft of SAFIRE aimed to characterize the shallow cloud properties near cloud base and the turbulent structure of the subcloud layer. For this purpose, the aircraft payload included radar and lidar remote sensing, microphysical probes, a laser spectrometer, and meteorological sensors. In particular, the aircraft was equipped with a five-hole radome nose as well as several temperature and moisture sensors allowing for measurements of wind, temperature and humidity at 25 Hz. This paper presents the high-frequency measurements made with these sensors and their translation in terms of turbulent fluctuations, turbulent moments and characteristic length scales of turbulence. A particular focus is on the calibration and the quality control of the air moisture measurements, which remain a challenge at fine scales. Level-2 and Level-3 data are distributed as an ensemble of NetCDF files available to the public at AERIS (https://doi.org/10.25326/128, Lothon and Brilouet, 2020).

Background: Inappropriate medication use or suboptimal medication adherence among polymedicated older patients is a public health concern. To tackle this issue, a pharmacist-led shared medication review (SMR) system was implemented in French community pharmacies in March 2018. SMR is an analysis of the drug treatments of the older patient with multiple medications. SMR takes place in the form of several interviews, at the pharmacy with the pharmacist, in a confidential space., Objectives: This observational real-world study evaluated the impact of the SMR service on medication adherence among polymedicated older patients in France. The risk of drug-related iatrogenic events in this population and the extent to which pharmacist SMR recommendations were followed by prescribers were also assessed., Methods: Data were collected using the Observia webtool made by Observia society, a purpose-built digital platform distributed nationwide to community pharmacies to facilitate the SMR process., Results: Data were analyzed from 439 patients (aged 65-75 years or older) who had completed their SMR at one of 297 French community pharmacies equipped with the Observia webtool. Overall, 186 patients had suboptimal adherence before SMR; 47% of these patients (n = 88) improved to have good adherence after completing the review. The rate of SMR-recommended prescription changes implemented by prescribers was low (14.7%; 38 of 258), with changes being implemented precisely as recommended in 47.4% of cases (n = 18). Potential iatrogenic events were identified in 20 patients., Conclusions: Although the SMR service is in the early stages of implementation in France, this study revealed that the process had a positive impact on medication adherence among older polymedicated patients. However, improvements are needed to reinforce prescriber and patient confidence in the system and further improve health outcomes., (Copyright © 2022 American Pharmacists Association®. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objective: A real-world, randomized study assessing the impact of a new, personalized, pharmacist-led text messaging service for managing type 2 diabetes (T2D)., Methods: Messages were tailored to patient's needs based on their disease management habits, propensity for reactance, and physical activity levels at baseline. Treatment adherence (assed using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, MMAS-8, questionnaire), clinical factors (body mass index and physical activity) and biological markers for T2D were compared between patients who received a text message daily for 3 months in addition to standard care (SMS group) and those who received standard care alone (control group)., Results: 114 pharmacies recruited 499 patients. Greater increases in global MMAS-8 scores were observed after 3 months for the SMS group than for the control group, however, this improvement was not sustained after the text messages stopped. Body mass index was found to improve with the text messaging service., Conclusion: This study indicated that personalized text messages provided by community pharmacists can have an impact on adherence levels among T2D patients., Practice Implications: Pharmacy-led innovations, such as text messaging services, could be used to accompany patients in their treatment and to improve patient understanding of their illness between healthcare appointments., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors report no declarations of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)