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Background/Aim: In the pathogenesis of odontogenic tumors which arise from the rests of the dental apparatus in the jaw, several molecular pathways have been shown to play critical roles such as genetic alterations in the hedgehog, BRAF/Ras/MAPK, epidermal growth factor receptor. Next generation genomic sequencing has identified gene mutations in many different tumors. Materials and Methods: Here we report four types of odontogenic tumor including six cases in which five had mutation according to next generation sequencing analysis from archival paraffin blocks that diagnosed previously as ameloblastoma (solid), amloblastoma (unicystic-mural), ameloblastic fibroma, squamous odontogenic tumor, and adenomatoid odontogenic tumor. Results: All ameloblastomatic tumors were shown BRAF mutation and adenomatoid odontogenic tumors were KRAS mutation. Conclusion: This evidence may highlight the poorly understood pathogenesis of odontogenic tumors. Further comparisons need to be made with other benign and malignant odontogenic tumors so that unique odontogenic features may be found.

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gazi Medical Journal is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Osmangazi Journal of Medicine / Osmangazi Tip Dergisi is the property of Eskisehir Osmangazi University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Osmangazi Journal of Medicine / Osmangazi Tip Dergisi is the property of Eskisehir Osmangazi University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Osmangazi Journal of Medicine / Osmangazi Tip Dergisi is the property of Eskisehir Osmangazi University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Odontologica Turcica is the property of Acta Odontologica Turcica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background/aim: To investigate the relative frequency of biopsied nonneoplastic oral mucosal lesions in Ankara, Turkey. Materials and methods: Biopsy records of a single center from 2000-2012 were retrospectively collected. Diagnosis was recorded and evaluated with respect to patient demographics (age, sex) and location of the lesion. Results: Of 11,980 biopsies, 1732 (14.5%) were mucosal nonneoplastic lesions. Hyperplastic lesions (n = 1000, 57.7%) with fibroepithelial hyperplasia in 30.9% of patients were the most common type of oral nonneoplastic lesions. The mean age of patients differed with respect to type of mucosal lesion, tending to be lower in patients with reactive lesions. Dermatoses showed a female predominance. Conclusion: Our findings revealed that hyperplastic lesions were the most common among nonneoplastic oral mucosa lesions. Geographic and ethnic differences of patients with various types of oral mucosal lesions require further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Bisphosphonates (BPs) and low-dose doxycycline (LDD) have been shown to inhibit bone resorption and to improve the levels of proinflammatory mediators and destructive enzymes in gingival tissues, respectively. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of mono and combined BP clodronate and LDD therapies in reducing gingival levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and alveolar bone loss in rats with diabetes.Methods: Fifty adult Wistar rats were divided into five study groups as follows: 1) group 1 = diabetes control; 2) group 2 = diabetes + periodontitis; 3) group 3 = diabetes + periodontitis + LDD; 4) group 4 = diabetes + periodontitis + clodronate; and 5) group 5 = diabetes + periodontitis + LDD + clodronate. LDD and clodronate were given as a single agent or as combination therapy during the 7 days of the post-experimental periodontitis period. On day 7, the rats were sacrificed, the mobility of the tooth was recorded, and block biopsies were removed. The gingival tissues were analyzed histologically and immunohistochemically for expression of MMP-9 and IL-1β. Alveolar bone loss was evaluated morphometrically under a light microscope. Data analysis was performed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis and post hoc Tukey and Spearman correlation tests.Results: Alveolar bone loss was significantly greater in groups 2 through 5 than group 1 (P <0.05) but was not significantly different among groups 2 through 5 (P >0.05). Animals with periodontitis (group 2) expressed significantly higher levels of MMP-9 and IL-1β compared with those without periodontitis (group 1) (P <0.05). MMP-9 expression was significantly lower in group 3 than groups 1, 2, and 5 (P <0.05). IL-1β expression was significantly lower in the groups 1, 3, 4, and 5 than 2 (P <0.01) but was not significantly different among groups 1, 3, 4, and 5. Positive correlations were found between alveolar bone loss and density of inflammation (ρ = 0.319, P = 0.021) and between MMP-9 and IL-1β (ρ = 0.418, P = 0.002), respectively.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that ligature-induced periodontitis in animals with diabetes results in significantly higher levels of MMP-9 and IL-1β expression in gingiva. The use of mono and combined clodronate and LDD administrations may significantly reduce levels of MMP-9 and IL-1β expression. However, drug administration did not affect alveolar bone levels during the study period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The essential amino acid taurine has important physiologic and pathologic roles, and has been shown to have osmoregulatory, antioxidative, antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antilipid activities. However, the response of oral gingival epithelium to taurine during wound healing remains unclear. The goal of this study is to evaluate the expression of laminin 5 and Type IV collagen histologically in regenerating gingival epithelium after direct application of taurine on incised human gingival samples. Methods: The study was conducted on 16 gingival samples obtained from gingivectomy specimens of eight adult patients with generalized gingival overgrowth. The samples were divided into two groups: gingival with 1% taurine-hydrated collagen membrane (n = 8) and saline-hydrated collagen membrane (n = 8) applied specimens. The length of the newly formed epithelium on the wound surface and inflammation was assessed on hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections. Basement membrane formation was evaluated by detection of laminin 5 and Type IV collagen expressions on immunohistochemically stained samples. Results: Complete new epithelial formation was observed in 1% taurine-treated gingivectomy specimens, whereas incomplete regeneration of the epithelium was observed in control gin- givectomy specimens (P<0.05). The length of the newly formed epithelium showed a negative correlation with inflammation in the taurine group (P=-0.712; P<0.05). lmmunoreactivity for both laminin 5 and Type IV collagen did not show any significant difference between groups. Conclusion: The local application of taurine-hydrated collagen membrane on human gingival wounds demonstrated the histologic evidence of rapid reepithelization with taurine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Smoking causes an increase in the thickness of gingival epithelium, which is the outcome of increased keratinocyte proliferation or loss. Smoking related changes in the proliferative activity of the gingival epithelium are largely uncharacterized for periodontal diseases. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of smoking on the proliferation of the epithelium in periodontally diseased marginal gingiva by comparing the expression patterns of two different proliferation markers. Methods: Gingival biopsies (N = 60) were obtained from smokers who had clinically healthy gingiva (n = 10), smokers with gingivitis (n = 10), smokers with periodontitis (n = 10), non-smokers with clinically healthy gingiva (n = 10), nonsmokers with gingivitis (n = 10), and non-smokers with periodontitis (n = 10). The quantitative measurement of maximum epithelial thickness was performed on hematoxylin and eosinstained sections. The expression patterns for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki67 were evaluated immunohistochemically. Results: The percentage of PCNA-positive cells was higher than the percentage of Ki67-positive cells in all groups (P <0.001). When the mean values of PCNA and Ki67 were compared in each group, a statistically significant difference was observed only in the healthy smoker group (P = 0.003). Significant differences in PCNA proliferation indices were only found between the smoker group and the non-smoker healthy group (P = 0.015). Conclusions: Smoking had an affect on the proliferation of cells in the oral gingival epithelium, regardless of periodontal status. The increase in thickness of the epithelium was not associated with smoking; periodontal status and inflammation seemed to be more important factors. Smoking induced the replication activity of gingival epithelium and induced DNA repair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Osteochondrolipoma is a rare benign soft tissue neoplasm. It is occasionally considered to be a variant of adipose tissue neoplasm 'lipoma' showing multiple differentiation pathways of pluripotent stem cells. As with the lipomas they can be seen at any location and show cartilagenous and osteoid differentiation when located parosteally. We present a case of osteochondrolipoma located at the symphysis of the mandible. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of an oral osteochondrolipoma associated with parosteal localization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Odontologica Turcica is the property of Acta Odontologica Turcica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Odontologica Turcica is the property of Acta Odontologica Turcica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Synovial sarcoma is a well defined tumor of mesenchymal derivation that accounts for up to 10% of all soft tissue sarcoma. It arises primarily in the extremities with predilection for sites in the proximity to large joints such as the knees. Head and neck has been regarded as an extremely rare location of synovial sarcoma with hypopharynx being the most commonly affected site. The other reported sites are the masticator space, parapharyngeal space. We reported two rare cases of synovial sarcoma in the anterior part of the mandible and infatemporal fossa. In reviewing the English language literature from 1991 to 2011 only five cases of synovial cell sarcoma in the mandible and six cases in the infatemporal fossa has been reported. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Background: Ameloblastoma is a benign but locally invasive and aggressive odontogenic tumor harboring activating BRAF V600E mutations in about two thirds of the cases., Case Presentation: Neoadjuvant therapy with Dabrafenib and Trametinib was given to a 42-year-old male patient with recurrent ameloblastoma of the right mandible with a BRAF V600E mutation for 18 months. The patient manifested an excellent response to the therapy with remarkable reduction in tumor size from 72.6 mm to 55.9 mm. Histopathologically, the tumor underwent significant degenerative changes with only a few sparse vital residuals revealing 0 % Ki67 proliferative index., Conclusions: Neoadjuvant therapy with BRAF-inhibitors or BRAF-MEK-inhibitors is an effective means to reduce the size of mandibulary ameloblastomas. We propose the consideration of neoadjuvant therapy in future treatment modalities to minimize post-surgical morbidity and facial deformations., Competing Interests: The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests:Reinhard Buettner reports a relationship with 10.13039/100006483AbbVie that includes: board membership and speaking and lecture fees. Reinhard Buettner reports a relationship with 10.13039/100002429Amgen that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Reinhard Buettner reports a relationship with 10.13039/100004325AstraZeneca that includes: board membership and speaking and lecture fees. Reinhard Buettner reports a relationship with 10.13039/100004326Bayer AG that includes: board membership and speaking and lecture fees. Reinhard Buettner reports a relationship with 10.13039/100002491Bristol-Myers Squibb that includes: board membership and speaking and lecture fees. Reinhard Buettner reports a relationship with 10.13039/100008349Boehringer Ingelheim that includes: board membership and speaking and lecture fees. Reinhard Buettner reports a relationship with 10.13039/100010905Illumina that includes: board membership and speaking and lecture fees. Reinhard Buettner reports a relationship with Janssen that includes: board membership and speaking and lecture fees. Reinhard Buettner reports a relationship with Lilly that includes: board membership and speaking and lecture fees. Reinhard Buettner reports a relationship with Merck-Serono that includes: board membership and speaking and lecture fees. Reinhard Buettner reports a relationship with 10.13039/100022752MSD that includes: board membership and speaking and lecture fees. Reinhard Buettner reports a relationship with 10.13039/100004336Novartis that includes: board membership and speaking and lecture fees. Reinhard Buettner reports a relationship with Qiagen that includes: board membership and speaking and lecture fees. Reinhard Buettner reports a relationship with 10.13039/100004319Pfizer und 10.13039/100004337Roche that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Reinhard Buettner reports a relationship with Timer Therapeutics GmbH&Co KG that includes: board membership. Reinhard Buettner reports a relationship with Gnothis Inc. Stockholm that includes: board membership. Reinhard Büttner has received honoraria for lectures and advisory boards of following companies: AbbVie, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, BMS, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Illumina, Janssen, Lilly, Merck-Serono, MSD, Novartis, Qiagen, Pfizer und Roche. Reinhard Büttner is founder and co-director of Timer Therapeutics GmbH&Co KG/Germany and Gnothis Inc./Stockholm. Sibel Elif Gültekin has no conflicts of interest. Carina Heydt has no conflicts of interest. Lucia Nogova has received honoraria for consulting/advisory roles as well as travel and accommodations expenses from following companies: Pfizer, Celgene, Novartis, Roche, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Takeda, Bayer, Janssen and Astra Zeneca. Sonja Meemboor has no conflicts of interest. Matthias Kreppel has no conflicts of interest. Reem Aziz-Heiloun has no conflicts of interest., (© 2023 The Authors.)

Unlabelled: An increasing body of evidence suggests that the use of probiotic bacteria is a promising intervention approach for the treatment of inflammatory diseases with a polymicrobial etiology. P. gingivalis has been noted to have a different way of interacting with the innate immune response of the host compared to other pathogenic bacteria, which is a recognized feature that inhibits CXCL8 expression., Objective: The aim of the study was to determine if P. gingivalis infection modulates the inflammatory response of gingival stromal stem cells (G-MSSCs), including the release of CXCL8, and the expression of TLRs and if immunomodulatory L. rhamnosus ATCC9595 could prevent CXCL8 inhibition in experimental inflammation., Material and Methods: G-MSSCs were pretreated with L. rhamnosus ATCC9595 and then stimulated with P. gingivalis ATCC33277. CXCL8 and IL-10 levels were investigated with ELISA and the TLR-4 and 2 were determined through flow cytometer analysis., Results: CXCL8 was suppressed by P. gingivalis and L. rhamnosus ATCC9595, whereas incubation with both strains did not abolish CXCL8. L. rhamnosus ATCC9595 scaled down the expression of TLR4 and induced TLR2 expression when exposed to P. gingivalis stimulation (p<0.01)., Conclusions: These findings provide evidence that L. rhamnosus ATCC9595 can modulate the inflammatory signals and could introduce P. gingivalis to immune systems by inducing CXCL8 secretion.

Human papilloma virus (HPV) is postulated as a risk factor in the etiology of some specific mucosal pathologies in the head and neck regions. Despite the frequent use of p16(INK4a) as a surrogate marker for HPV-infection, there is still controversy with respect to its reliability. This study has been undertaken to assess the potential role of p16(INK 4a) and Ki-67 expression in HPV-related lesions. The study was conducted on 71 specimens of oral, tonsillar and laryngeal lesions which comprised 25 dysplasia and 46 papilloma specimens. Specimens were immunohistochemically stained for p16(INK4A) and Ki-67 proteins. HPV DNA was determined by one step multiplex polymerase chain reaction. HPV DNA was detected in 33.8% of all lesions. Tonsil and larynx lesions showed significant differences with oral lesions for HPV positivity (p < 0.001). p16(INK 4a) over-expression was seen in 56.5% of papilloma and 60% of dysplasia specimens. HPV status showed a positive correlation with p16(INK 4a) expression in tonsillar dysplasias (p < 0.001). p16(INK 4a) expression may have a value as a marker in high risk HPV induced dysplasias, but not in low risk infected lesions. The proliferation index is not related to HPV-induced lesions and may be evaluated as an independent marker in head and neck premalignant lesions.