24 results on '"Forthun, Ingeborg"'
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2. Factors leading to excessive fatigue in nurses – a three-year follow-up study
- Author
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Hiestand, Stand, Waage, Siri, Forthun, Ingeborg, Pallesen, Ståle, and Bjorvatn, Bjørn
- Published
- 2024
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3. Global burden of 288 causes of death and life expectancy decomposition in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
- Author
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Naghavi, Mohsen, Ong, Kanyin Liane, Aali, Amirali, Ababneh, Hazim S, Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbasgholizadeh, Rouzbeh, Abbasian, Mohammadreza, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abd ElHafeez, Samar, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdelwahab, Ahmed, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abdollahifar, Mohammad-Amin, Abdoun, Meriem, Abdulah, Deldar Morad, Abdullahi, Auwal, Abebe, Mesfin, Abebe, Samrawit Shawel, Abedi, Aidin, Abegaz, Kedir Hussein, Abhilash, E S, Abidi, Hassan, Abiodun, Olumide, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abolmaali, Meysam, Abouzid, Mohamed, Aboye, Girma Beressa, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abrha, Woldu Aberhe, Abtahi, Dariush, Abu Rumeileh, Samir, Abualruz, Hasan, Abubakar, Bilyaminu, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen ME, Aburuz, Salahdein, Abu-Zaid, Ahmed, Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou, Adal, Tadele Girum, Adamu, Abdu A, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Addolorato, Giovanni, Adebiyi, Akindele Olupelumi, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adepoju, Abiola Victor, Adetunji, Charles Oluwaseun, Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi, Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther, Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo, Adeyomoye, Olorunsola Israel, Admass, Biruk Adie Adie, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Adra, Saryia, Afolabi, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Afzal, Saira, Agampodi, Suneth Buddhika, Agasthi, Pradyumna, Aggarwal, Manik, Aghamiri, Shahin, Agide, Feleke Doyore, Agodi, Antonella, Agrawal, Anurag, Agyemang-Duah, Williams, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Danish, Ahmad, Firdos, Ahmad, Muayyad M, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmad, Shahzaib, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmadi, Keivan, Ahmadzade, Amir Mahmoud, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed, Ayman, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Luai A, Ahmed, Mehrunnisha Sharif, Ahmed, Meqdad Saleh, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Ahmed, Syed Anees, Ajami, Marjan, Aji, Budi, Akara, Essona Matatom, Akbarialiabad, Hossein, Akinosoglou, Karolina, Akinyemiju, Tomi, Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed, Akyirem, Samuel, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz, Alahdab, Fares, Alalalmeh, Samer O, Alalwan, Tariq A, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Manjurul, Alam, Noore, Al-amer, Rasmieh Mustafa, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alanzi, Turki M, Al-Azzam, Sayer, Albakri, Almaza, Albashtawy, Mohammed, AlBataineh, Mohammad T, Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth, Aldawsari, Khalifah A, Aldhaleei, Wafa A, Aldridge, Robert W, Alema, Haileselasie Berhane, Alemayohu, Mulubirhan Assefa, Alemi, Sharifullah, Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta, Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed, Alhabib, Khalid F, Alhalaiqa, Fadwa Alhalaiqa Naji, Al-Hanawi, Mohammed Khaled, Ali, Abid, Ali, Amjad, Ali, Liaqat, Ali, Mohammed Usman, Ali, Rafat, Ali, Shahid, Ali, Syed Shujait Shujait, Alicandro, Gianfranco, Alif, Sheikh Mohammad, Alikhani, Reyhaneh, Alimohamadi, Yousef, Aliyi, Ahmednur Adem, Aljasir, Mohammad A M, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Al-Marwani, Sabah, Al-Maweri, Sadeq Ali Ali, Almazan, Joseph Uy, Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M, Almidani, Louay, Almidani, Omar, Alomari, Mahmoud A, Al-Omari, Basem, Alonso, Jordi, Alqahtani, Jaber S, Alqalyoobi, Shehabaldin, Alqutaibi, Ahmed Yaseen, Al-Sabah, Salman Khalifah, Altaany, Zaid, Altaf, Awais, Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Aluh, Deborah Oyine, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Alwafi, Hassan, Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed, Aly, Hany, Aly, Safwat, Alzoubi, Karem H, Amani, Reza, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amegbor, Prince M, Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Amin, Tarek Tawfik, Amindarolzarbi, Alireza, Amiri, Sohrab, Amirzade-Iranaq, Mohammad Hosein, Amu, Hubert, Amugsi, Dickson A, Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi, Ancuceanu, Robert, Anderlini, Deanna, Anderson, David B, Andrade, Pedro Prata, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Andrei, Tudorel, Angus, Colin, Anil, Abhishek, Anil, Sneha, Anoushiravani, Amir, Ansari, Hossein, Ansariadi, Ansariadi, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Antony, Catherine M, Antriyandarti, Ernoiz, Anvari, Davood, Anvari, Saeid, Anwar, Saleha, Anwar, Sumadi Lukman, Anwer, Razique, Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward, Aqeel, Muhammad, Arab, Juan Pablo, 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Bah, Sulaiman, Bahadorikhalili, Saeed, Bahmanziari, Najmeh, Bai, Ruhai, Baig, Atif Amin, Baker, Jennifer L, Bako, Abdulaziz T, Bakshi, Ravleen Kaur, Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar, Balasubramanian, Madhan, Baltatu, Ovidiu Constantin, Bam, Kiran, Banach, Maciej, Bandyopadhyay, Soham, Banik, Palash Chandra, Bansal, Hansi, Bansal, Kannu, Barbic, Franca, Barchitta, Martina, Bardhan, Mainak, Bardideh, Erfan, Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Barone-Adesi, Francesco, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Barrero, Lope H, Barrow, Amadou, Barteit, Sandra, Barua, Lingkan, Basharat, Zarrin, Bashiri, Azadeh, Basiru, Afisu, Baskaran, Pritish, Basnyat, Buddha, Bassat, Quique, Basso, João Diogo, Basting, Ann V L, Basu, Sanjay, Batra, Kavita, Baune, Bernhard T, Bayati, Mohsen, Bayileyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew, Beaney, Thomas, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Massimiliano, Behboudi, Emad, Behera, Priyamadhaba, Behnoush, Amir Hossein, Behzadifar, Masoud, Beiranvand, Maryam, Bejarano Ramirez, Diana Fernanda, Béjot, Yannick, Belay, Sefealem Assefa, Belete, Chalie Mulu, Bell, Michelle L, Bello, Muhammad Bashir, Bello, Olorunjuwon Omolaja, Belo, Luis, Beloukas, Apostolos, Bender, Rose Grace, Bensenor, Isabela M, Beran, Azizullah, Berezvai, Zombor, Berhie, Alemshet Yirga, Berice, Betyna N, Bernstein, Robert S, Bertolacci, Gregory J, Bettencourt, Paulo J G, Beyene, Kebede A, Bhagat, Devidas S, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhalla, Ashish, Bhandari, Dinesh, Bhangdia, Kayleigh, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhardwaj, Prarthna V, Bhargava, Ashish, Bhaskar, Sonu, Bhat, Vivek, Bhatti, Gurjit Kaur, Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh, Bhatti, Manpreet S, Bhatti, Rajbir, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bikbov, Boris, Bishai, Jessica Devin, Bisignano, Catherine, Bisulli, Francesca, Biswas, Atanu, Biswas, Bijit, Bitaraf, Saeid, Bitew, Bikes Destaw, Bitra, Veera R, Bjørge, Tone, Boachie, Micheal Kofi, Boampong, Mary Sefa, Bobirca, Anca Vasilica, Bodolica, Virginia, Bodunrin, Aadam Olalekan, Bogale, Eyob Ketema, Bogale, Kassawmar Angaw, Bohlouli, Somayeh, Bolarinwa, Obasanjo Afolabi, Boloor, Archith, Bonakdar Hashemi, Milad, Bonny, Aime, Bora, Kaustubh, Bora Basara, Berrak, Borhany, Hamed, Borzutzky, Arturo, Bouaoud, Souad, Boustany, Antoine, Boxe, Christopher, Boyko, Edward J, Brady, Oliver J, Braithwaite, Dejana, Brant, Luisa C, Brauer, Michael, Brazinova, Alexandra, Brazo-Sayavera, Javier, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Breitner, Susanne, Brenner, Hermann, Briko, Andrey Nikolaevich, Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich, Britton, Gabrielle, Brown, Julie, Brugha, Traolach, Bulamu, Norma B, Bulto, Lemma N, Buonsenso, Danilo, Burns, Richard A, Busse, Reinhard, Bustanji, Yasser, Butt, Nadeem Shafique, Butt, Zahid A, Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Calina, Daniela, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Campos, Luciana Aparecida, Campos-Nonato, Ismael R, Cao, Chao, Cao, Yin, Capodici, Angelo, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carr, Sinclair, Carreras, Giulia, Carrero, Juan J, Carugno, Andrea, Carvalheiro, Cristina G, Carvalho, Felix, Carvalho, Márcia, Castaldelli-Maia, Joao Mauricio, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Castelpietra, Giulio, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Catapano, Alberico L, Cattaruzza, Maria Sofia, Cederroth, Christopher R, Cegolon, Luca, Cembranel, Francieli, Cenderadewi, Muthia, Cercy, Kelly M, Cerin, Ester, Cevik, Muge, Chadwick, Joshua, Chahine, Yaacoub, Chakraborty, Chiranjib, Chakraborty, Promit Ananyo, Chan, Jeffrey Shi Kai, Chan, Raymond N C, Chandika, Rama Mohan, Chandrasekar, Eeshwar K, Chang, Chin-Kuo, Chang, Jung-Chen, Chanie, Gashaw Sisay, Charalampous, Periklis, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chaturvedi, Pankaj, Chatzimavridou-Grigoriadou, Victoria, Chaurasia, Akhilanand, Chen, Angela W, Chen, An-Tian, Chen, Catherine S, Chen, Haowei, Chen, Meng Xuan, Chen, Simiao, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Cheng, Esther T W, Cherbuin, Nicolas, Cheru, Wondimye Ashenafi, Chien, Ju-Huei, Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel, Chimoriya, Ritesh, Ching, Patrick R, Chirinos-Caceres, Jesus Lorenzo, Chitheer, Abdulaal, Cho, William C S, Chong, Bryan, Chopra, Hitesh, Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christopher, Devasahayam J, Chukwu, Isaac Sunday, Chung, Eric, Chung, Erin, Chung, Eunice, Chung, Sheng-Chia, Chutiyami, Muhammad, Cindi, Zinhle, Cioffi, Iolanda, Claassens, Mareli M, Claro, Rafael M, Coberly, Kaleb, Cogen, Rebecca M, Columbus, Alyssa, Comfort, Haley, Conde, Joao, Cortese, Samuele, Cortesi, Paolo Angelo, Costa, Vera Marisa, Costanzo, Simona, Cousin, Ewerton, Couto, Rosa A S, Cowden, Richard G, Cramer, Kenneth Michael, Criqui, Michael H, Cruz-Martins, Natália, Cuadra-Hernández, Silvia Magali, Culbreth, Garland T, Cullen, Patricia, Cunningham, Matthew, Curado, Maria paula, Dadana, Sriharsha, Dadras, Omid, Dai, Siyu, Dai, Xiaochen, Dai, Zhaoli, Dalli, Lachlan L, Damiani, Giovanni, Darega Gela, Jiregna, Das, Jai K, Das, Saswati, Das, Subasish, Dascalu, Ana Maria, Dash, Nihar Ranjan, Dashti, Mohsen, Dastiridou, Anna, Davey, Gail, Dávila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto, Davis Weaver, Nicole, Davletov, Kairat, De Leo, Diego, de Luca, Katie, Debele, Aklilu Tamire, Debopadhaya, Shayom, Degenhardt, Louisa, Dehghan, Azizallah, Deitesfeld, Lee, Del Bo', Cristian, Delgado-Enciso, Ivan, Demessa, Berecha Hundessa, Demetriades, Andreas K, Deng, Ke, Deng, Xinlei, Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar, Deravi, Niloofar, Dereje, Nebiyu, Dervenis, Nikolaos, Dervišević, Emina, Des Jarlais, Don C, Desai, Hardik Dineshbhai, Desai, Rupak, Devanbu, Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan, Dewan, Syed Masudur Rahman, Dhali, Arkadeep, Dhama, Kuldeep, Dhimal, Meghnath, Dhingra, Sameer, Dhulipala, Vishal R, Dias da Silva, Diana, Diaz, Daniel, Diaz, Michael J, Dima, Adriana, Ding, Delaney D, Ding, Huanghe, Dinis-Oliveira, Ricardo Jorge, Dirac, M Ashworth, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Thao Huynh Phuong, do Prado, Camila Bruneli, Doaei, Saeid, Dodangeh, Masoud, Dodangeh, Milad, Dohare, Sushil, Dokova, Klara Georgieva, Dolecek, Christiane, Dominguez, Regina-Mae Villanueva, Dong, Wanyue, Dongarwar, Deepa, D'Oria, Mario, Dorostkar, Fariba, Dorsey, E Ray, dos Santos, Wendel Mombaque, Doshi, Rajkumar, Doshmangir, Leila, Dowou, Robert Kokou, Driscoll, Tim Robert, Dsouza, Haneil Larson, Dsouza, Viola, Du, Mi, Dube, John, Duncan, Bruce B, Duraes, Andre Rodrigues, Duraisamy, Senbagam, Durojaiye, Oyewole Christopher, Dwyer-Lindgren, Laura, Dzianach, Paulina Agnieszka, Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian, E'mar, Abdel Rahman, Eboreime, Ejemai, Ebrahimi, Alireza, Echieh, Chidiebere Peter, Edinur, Hisham Atan, Edvardsson, David, Edvardsson, Kristina, Efendi, Defi, Efendi, Ferry, Effendi, Diyan Ermawan, Eikemo, Terje Andreas, Eini, Ebrahim, Ekholuenetale, Michael, Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus, El Sayed, Iman, Elbarazi, Iffat, Elema, Teshome Bekele, Elemam, Noha Mousaad, Elgar, Frank J, Elgendy, Islam Y, ElGohary, Ghada Metwally Tawfik, Elhabashy, Hala Rashad, Elhadi, Muhammed, El-Huneidi, Waseem, Elilo, Legesse Tesfaye, Elmeligy, Omar Abdelsadek Abdou, Elmonem, Mohamed A, Elshaer, Mohammed, Elsohaby, Ibrahim, Emeto, Theophilus I, Engelbert Bain, Luchuo, Erkhembayar, Ryenchindorj, Esezobor, Christopher Imokhuede, Eshrati, Babak, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Espinosa-Montero, Juan, Esubalew, Habtamu, Etaee, Farshid, Fabin, Natalia, Fadaka, Adewale Oluwaseun, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Fahim, Ayesha, Fahimi, Saman, Fakhri-Demeshghieh, Aliasghar, Falzone, Luca, Fareed, Mohammad, Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sá, Faris, MoezAlIslam Ezzat Mahmoud, Faris, Pawan Sirwan, Faro, Andre, Fasanmi, Abidemi Omolara, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Fattahi, Hamed, Fauk, Nelsensius Klau, Fazeli, Pooria, Feigin, Valery L, Feizkhah, Alireza, Fekadu, Ginenus, Feng, Xiaoru, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Feroze, Abdullah Hamid, Ferrante, Daniela, Ferrari, Alize J, Ferreira, Nuno, Fetensa, Getahun, Feyisa, Bikila Regassa, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Flavel, Joanne, Flood, David, Florin, Bobirca Teodor, Foigt, Nataliya A, Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Fomenkov, Artem Alekseevich, Foroutan, Behzad, Foroutan, Masoud, Forthun, Ingeborg, Fortuna, Daniela, Foschi, Matteo, Fowobaje, Kayode Raphael, Francis, Kate Louise, Franklin, Richard Charles, Freitas, Alberto, Friedman, Joseph, Friedman, Sara D, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Fuller, John E, Fux, Blima, Gaal, Peter Andras, Gadanya, Muktar A, Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, Gaihre, Santosh, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Galali, Yaseen, Galles, Natalie C, Gallus, Silvano, Ganbat, Mandukhai, Gandhi, Aravind P, Ganesan, Balasankar, Ganiyani, Mohammad Arfat, Garcia-Gordillo, MA, Gardner, William M, Garg, Jalaj, Garg, Naval, Gautam, Rupesh K, Gbadamosi, Semiu Olatunde, Gebi, Tilaye Gebru, Gebregergis, Miglas W, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin, Gebremeskel, Teferi Gebru, Georgescu, Simona Roxana, Getachew, Tamirat, Gething, Peter W, Getie, Molla, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, Ghahramani, Sulmaz, Ghailan, Khalid Yaser, Ghasemi, Mohammad-Reza, Ghasempour Dabaghi, Ghazal, Ghasemzadeh, Afsaneh, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Ghassemi, Fariba, Ghazy, Ramy Mohamed, Ghimire, Ajnish, Ghoba, Sama, Gholamalizadeh, Maryam, Gholamian, Asadollah, Gholamrezanezhad, Ali, Gholizadeh, Nasim, Ghorbani, Mahsa, Ghorbani Vajargah, Pooyan, Ghoshal, Aloke Gopal, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Gill, Tiffany K, Gillum, Richard F, Ginindza, Themba G, Girmay, Alem, Glasbey, James C, Gnedovskaya, Elena V, Göbölös, Laszlo, Godinho, Myron Anthony, Goel, Amit, Golchin, Ali, Goldust, Mohamad, Golechha, Mahaveer, Goleij, Pouya, Gomes, Nelson G M, Gona, Philimon N, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Gorini, Giuseppe, Goudarzi, Houman, Goulart, Alessandra C, Goulart, Bárbara Niegia Garcia, Goyal, Anmol, Grada, Ayman, Graham, Simon Matthew, Grivna, Michal, Grosso, Giuseppe, Guan, Shi-Yang, Guarducci, Giovanni, Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen, Gudeta, Mesay Dechasa, Guha, Avirup, Guicciardi, Stefano, Guimarães, Rafael Alves, Gulati, Snigdha, Gunawardane, Damitha Asanga, Gunturu, Sasidhar, Guo, Cui, Gupta, Anish Kumar, Gupta, Bhawna, Gupta, Manoj Kumar, Gupta, Mohak, Gupta, Rajat Das, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Sapna, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vijai Kumar, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Gurmessa, Lami, Gutiérrez, Reyna Alma, Habibzadeh, Farrokh, Habibzadeh, Parham, Haddadi, Rasool, Hadei, Mostafa, Hadi, Najah R, Haep, Nils, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hailu, Alemayehu, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Halboub, Esam S, Hall, Brian J, Haller, Sebastian, Halwani, Rabih, Hamadeh, Randah R, Hameed, Sajid, Hamidi, Samer, Hamilton, Erin B, Han, Chieh, Han, Qiuxia, Hanif, Asif, Hanifi, Nasrin, Hankey, Graeme J, Hanna, Fahad, Hannan, Md Abdul, Haque, Md Nuruzzaman, Harapan, Harapan, Hargono, Arief, Haro, Josep Maria, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hasan, Ikramul, Hasan, M Tasdik, Hasani, Hamidreza, Hasanian, Mohammad, Hashi, Abdiwahab, Hasnain, Md Saquib, Hassan, Ikrama, Hassanipour, Soheil, Hassankhani, Hadi, Haubold, Johannes, Havmoeller, Rasmus J, Hay, Simon I, He, Jiawei, Hebert, Jeffrey J, Hegazi, Omar E, Heidari, Golnaz, Heidari, Mohammad, Heidari-Foroozan, Mahsa, Helfer, Bartosz, Hendrie, Delia, Herrera-Serna, Brenda Yuliana, Herteliu, Claudiu, Hesami, Hamed, Hezam, Kamal, Hill, Catherine L, Hiraike, Yuta, Holla, Ramesh, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hossain, Md Mahbub, Hossain, Sahadat, Hosseini, Mohammad-Salar, Hosseinzadeh, Hassan, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hosseinzadeh Adli, Ahmad, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hsairi, Mohamed, Hsieh, Vivian Chia-rong, Hsu, Rebecca L, Hu, Chengxi, Huang, Junjie, Hultström, Michael, Humayun, Ayesha, Hundie, Tsegaye Gebreyes, Hussain, Javid, Hussain, M Azhar, Hussein, Nawfal R, Hussien, Foziya Mohammed, Huynh, Hong-Han, Hwang, Bing-Fang, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ibrahim, Khalid S, Iftikhar, Pulwasha Maria, Ijo, Desta, Ikiroma, Adalia I, Ikuta, Kevin S, Ikwegbue, Paul Chukwudi, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M, Ilic, Milena D, Imam, Mohammad Tarique, Immurana, Mustapha, Inamdar, Sumant, Indriasih, Endang, Iqhrammullah, Muhammad, Iradukunda, Arnaud, Iregbu, Kenneth Chukwuemeka, Islam, Md Rabiul, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Islami, Farhad, Ismail, Faisal, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Iso, Hiroyasu, Isola, Gaetano, Iwagami, Masao, Iwu, Chidozie C D, Iyamu, Ihoghosa Osamuyi, Iyer, Mahalaxmi, J, Linda Merin, Jaafari, Jalil, Jacob, Louis, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, Jadidi-Niaragh, Farhad, Jafarinia, Morteza, Jafarzadeh, Abdollah, Jaggi, Khushleen, Jahankhani, Kasra, Jahanmehr, Nader, Jahrami, Haitham, Jain, Nityanand, Jairoun, Ammar Abdulrahman, Jaiswal, Abhishek, Jamshidi, Elham, Janko, Mark M, Jatau, Abubakar Ibrahim, Javadov, Sabzali, Javaheri, Tahereh, Jayapal, Sathish Kumar, Jayaram, Shubha, Jebai, Rime, Jee, Sun Ha, Jeganathan, Jayakumar, Jha, Anil K, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jiang, Heng, Jin, Yingzhao, Johnson, Olatunji, Jokar, Mohammad, Jonas, Jost B, Joo, Tamas, Joseph, Abel, Joseph, Nitin, Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma, Joshy, Grace, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Jürisson, Mikk, K, Vaishali, Kaambwa, Billingsley, Kabir, Ali, Kabir, Zubair, Kadashetti, Vidya, Kadir, Dler Hussein, Kalani, Rizwan, Kalankesh, Laleh R, Kalankesh, Leila R, Kaliyadan, Feroze, Kalra, Sanjay, Kamal, Vineet Kumar, Kamarajah, Sivesh Kathir, Kamath, Rajesh, Kamiab, Zahra, Kamyari, Naser, Kanagasabai, Thanigaivelan, Kanchan, Tanuj, Kandel, Himal, Kanmanthareddy, Arun R, Kanmiki, Edmund Wedam, Kanmodi, Kehinde Kazeem, Kannan S, Suthanthira, Kansal, Sushil Kumar, Kantar, Rami S, Kapoor, Neeti, Karajizadeh, Mehrdad, Karanth, Shama D, Karasneh, Reema A, Karaye, Ibraheem M, Karch, André, Karim, Asima, Karimi, Salah Eddin, Karimi Behnagh, Arman, Kashoo, Faizan Zaffar, Kasnazani, Qalandar Hussein Abdulkarim, Kasraei, Hengameh, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Kassel, Molly B, Kauppila, Joonas H, Kaur, Navjot, Kawakami, Norito, Kayode, Gbenga A, Kazemi, Foad, Kazemian, Sina, Kazmi, Tahseen Haider, Kebebew, Getu Mosisa, Kebede, Adera Debella, Kebede, Fassikaw, Keflie, Tibebeselassie S, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Keller, Cathleen, Kelly, Jaimon Terence, Kempen, John H, Kerr, Jessica A, Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khalaji, Amirmohammad, Khalid, Nauman, Khalil, Anees Ahmed, Khalilian, Alireza, Khamesipour, Faham, Khan, Ajmal, Khan, Asaduzzaman, Khan, Gulfaraz, Khan, Ikramullah, Khan, Imteyaz 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Mindy D, Szócska, Miklós, Tabaee Damavandi, Payam, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tabatabaei, Seyyed Mohammad, Tabatabaei Malazy, Ozra, Tabatabaeizadeh, Seyed-Amir, Tabatabai, Shima, Tabish, Mohammad, TADAKAMADLA, JYOTHI, Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, Taheri Abkenar, Yasaman, Taheri Soodejani, Moslem, Taiba, Jabeen, Takahashi, Ken, Talaat, Iman M, Talukder, Ashis, Tampa, Mircea, Tamuzi, Jacques Lukenze, Tan, Ker-Kan, Tandukar, Sarmila, Tang, Haosu, Tang, Hong K, Tarigan, Ingan Ukur, Tariku, Mengistie Kassahun, Tariqujjaman, Md, Tarkang, Elvis Enowbeyang, Tavakoli Oliaee, Razieh, Tavangar, Seyed Mohammad, Taveira, Nuno, Tefera, Yibekal Manaye, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Temsah, Reem Mohamad Hani, Teramoto, Masayuki, Tesler, Riki, Teye-Kwadjo, Enoch, Thakur, Rishu, Thangaraju, Pugazhenthan, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Tharwat, Samar, Thayakaran, Rasiah, Thomas, Nihal, Thomas, Nikhil Kenny, Thomson, Azalea M, Thrift, Amanda G, Thum, Chern Choong Chern, Thygesen, Lau Caspar, Tian, Jing, Tichopad, Ales, Ticoalu, Jansje Henny Vera, Tillawi, Tala, Tiruye, Tenaw Yimer, Titova, Mariya Vladimirovna, Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Toriola, Adetunji T, Torre, Anna E, Touvier, Mathilde, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Jasmine T, Tran, Nghia Minh, Trico, Domenico, Tromans, Samuel Joseph, Truyen, Thien Tan Tri Tai, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Tsegay, Guesh Mebrahtom, Tsermpini, Evangelia Eirini, Tumurkhuu, Munkhtuya, Tung, Kang, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Uddin, Sayed Mohammad Nazim, Udoakang, Aniefiok John, Udoh, Arit, Ullah, Atta, Ullah, Irfan, Ullah, Saeed, Ullah, Sana, Umakanthan, Srikanth, Umeokonkwo, Chukwuma David, Unim, Brigid, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Unsworth, Carolyn Anne, Upadhyay, Era, Urso, Daniele, Usman, Jibrin Sammani, Vahabi, Seyed Mohammad, Vaithinathan, Asokan Govindaraj, Valizadeh, Rohollah, Van de Velde, Sarah M, Van den Eynde, Jef, Varga, Orsolya, Vart, Priya, Varthya, Shoban Babu, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Vasic, Milena, Vaziri, Siavash, Vellingiri, Balachandar, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Verghese, Nicholas Alexander, Verma, Madhur, Veroux, Massimiliano, Verras, Georgios-Ioannis, Vervoort, Dominique, Villafañe, Jorge Hugo, Villanueva, Gabriela Ines, Vinayak, Manish, Violante, Francesco S, Viskadourou, Maria, Vladimirov, Sergey Konstantinovitch, Vlassov, Vasily, Vo, Bay, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vongpradith, Avina, Vos, Theo, Vujcic, Isidora S, Vukovic, Rade, Wafa, Hatem A, Waheed, Yasir, Wamai, Richard G, Wang, Cong, Wang, Ning, Wang, Shu, Wang, Song, Wang, Yanzhong, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Waqas, Muhammad, Ward, Paul, Wassie, Emebet Gashaw, Watson, Stefanie, Watson, Stephanie Louise Watson, Weerakoon, Kosala Gayan, Wei, Melissa Y, Weintraub, Robert G, Weiss, Daniel J, Westerman, Ronny, Whisnant, Joanna L, Wiangkham, Taweewat, Wickramasinghe, Dakshitha Praneeth, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Wilandika, Angga, Wilkerson, Caroline, Willeit, Peter, Wilson, Shadrach, Wojewodzic, Marcin W, Woldegebreal, Demewoz H, Wolf, Axel Walter, Wolfe, Charles D A, Wondimagegene, Yohannes Addisu, Wong, Yen Jun, Wongsin, Utoomporn, Wu, Ai-Min, Wu, Chenkai, Wu, Felicia, Wu, Xinsheng, Wu, Zenghong, Xia, Juan, Xiao, Hong, Xie, Yang, Xu, Suowen, Xu, Wang-Dong, Xu, Xiaoyue, Xu, Yvonne Yiru, Yadollahpour, Ali, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, Yang, Danting, Yang, Lin, Yano, Yuichiro, Yao, Yao, Yaribeygi, Habib, Ye, Pengpeng, Yehualashet, Sisay Shewasinad, Yesiltepe, Metin, Yesuf, Subah Abderehim, Yezli, Saber, Yi, Siyan, Yigezu, Amanuel, Yiğit, Arzu, Yiğit, Vahit, Yip, Paul, Yismaw, Malede Berihun, Yismaw, Yazachew, Yon, Dong Keon, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, You, Yuyi, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yousefi, Zabihollah, Yu, Chuanhua, Yu, Yong, Yuh, Faith H, Zadey, Siddhesh, Zadnik, Vesna, Zafari, Nima, Zakham, Fathiah, Zaki, Nazar, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zamora, Nelson, Zand, Ramin, Zangiabadian, Moein, Zar, Heather J, Zare, Iman, Zarrintan, Armin, Zeariya, Mohammed G M, Zeinali, Zahra, Zhang, Haijun, Zhang, Jianrong, Zhang, Jingya, Zhang, Liqun, Zhang, Yunquan, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zhao, Hanqing, Zhong, Chenwen, Zhou, Juexiao, Zhu, Bin, Zhu, Lei, Ziafati, Makan, Zielińska, Magdalena, Zitoun, Osama A, Zoladl, Mohammad, Zou, Zhiyong, Zuhlke, Liesl J, Zumla, Alimuddin, Zweck, Elric, Zyoud, Samer H, Wool, Eve E, and Murray, Christopher J L
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- 2024
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4. Self-reported short and long sleep duration, sleep debt and insomnia are associated with several types of infections: Results from the Norwegian practice-based research network in general practice – PraksisNett
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Bjorvatn, Bjørn, Rørtveit, Guri, Rebnord, Ingrid, Waage, Siri, Emberland, Knut Erik, and Forthun, Ingeborg
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- 2023
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5. Association of sweetened carbonated beverage consumption during pregnancy and ADHD symptoms in the offspring: a study from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa)
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Kvalvik, Liv Grimstvedt, Klungsøyr, Kari, Igland, Jannicke, Caspersen, Ida Henriette, Brantsæter, Anne Lise, Solberg, Berit Skretting, Hartman, Catharina, Schweren, Lizanne Johanna Stephanie, Larsson, Henrik, Li, Lin, Forthun, Ingeborg, Johansson, Stefan, Arias Vasquez, Alejandro, and Haavik, Jan
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- 2022
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6. Excess mortality in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden during the COVID-19 pandemic 2020–2022.
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Forthun, Ingeborg, Madsen, Christian, Emilsson, Louise, Nilsson, Anton, Kepp, Kasper P, Björk, Jonas, Vollset, Stein Emil, Lallukka, Tea, and Knudsen, Ann Kristin Skrindo
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MORTALITY , *RESEARCH funding , *SEX distribution , *SOCIOECONOMIC factors , *POPULATION geography , *AGE distribution , *CAUSES of death , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *EPIDEMICS , *COMPARATIVE studies , *COVID-19 pandemic , *CULTURAL pluralism , *REGRESSION analysis , *SENSITIVITY & specificity (Statistics) - Abstract
Background The Nordic countries represent a unique case study for the COVID-19 pandemic due to socioeconomic and cultural similarities, high-quality comparable administrative register data and notable differences in mitigation policies during the pandemic. We aimed to compare weekly excess mortality in the Nordic countries across the three full pandemic years 2020–2022. Methods Using data on weekly all-cause mortality from official administrative registers in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden, we employed time series regression models to assess mortality developments within each pandemic year, with the period 2010–2019 used as reference period. We then compared excess mortality across the countries in 2020–2022, taking differences in population size and age- and sex-distribution into account. Results were age- and sex-standardized to the Danish population of 2020. Robustness was examined with a variety of sensitivity analyses. Results While Sweden experienced excess mortality in 2020 [75 excess deaths per 100 000 population (95% prediction interval 29–122)], Denmark, Finland and Norway experienced excess mortality in 2022 [52 (14–90), 130 (83–177) and 88 (48–128), respectively]. Weekly death data reveal how mortality started to increase in mid-2021 in Denmark, Finland and Norway, and continued above the expected level through 2022. Conclusion Although the Nordic countries experienced relatively low pandemic excess mortality, the impact and timing of excess mortality differed substantially. These estimates—arguably the most accurate available for any region in capturing pandemic-related excess deaths—may inform future research and policy regarding the complex mortality dynamics in times of a health crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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7. To neutrally offer or strongly recommend? General practitioners’ perspectives on screening for gestational diabetes according to the national guideline in Norway.
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Forthun, Ingeborg, Møen, Kathy Ainul, and Hjörleifsson, Stefán
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GESTATIONAL diabetes , *GENERAL practitioners , *MEDICAL screening , *PREGNANT women , *FEAR , *FOCUS groups - Abstract
AbstractObjectiveDesignSetting and subjectsResultsConclusions\nKEY POINTSTo explore general practitioners’ experiences and reflections on how the current Norwegian guideline for screening for gestational diabetes affects their clinical practice.A qualitive study in which data were collected through semi-structured focus group interviews and analyzed thematically.Five focus groups conducted in 2020 among GPs in Norway; three interviews took place face-to-face and two were held digitally. The total number of participants was 31.GPs acknowledged the potential benefits of more extensive screening, but had concerns about the medicalization of pregnancy, stating that some women experienced considerable anxiety. The GPs expressed doubts about the guideline’s evidence base but differed in how they interpreted what the guideline was asking them to do. Some offered eligible women the opportunity to be screened, while other set up a screening appointment without consulting the women first. For some, fear of incrimination made them recommend screening without being convinced that it was the right thing for the patient.It is unclear whether the guideline for gestational diabetes requires GPs to recommend screening to pregnant women or if they should provide neutral information about the availability of screening. This ambiguity should be addressed, and the guideline evaluated against the core principles of general practice.The Norwegian guideline for gestational diabetes (2017) increased the proportion of pregnant women eligible for screening and spurred considerable debate.The GPs in this study expressed concerns about the lack of evidence and the consequences of screening more women for gestational diabetes.It is unclear to GPs whether they are required to recommend screening to pregnant women or just inform them of its availability.The guideline should be evaluated to better account for the benefits, burdens and costs of screening and any subsequent treatment.The GPs in this study expressed concerns about the lack of evidence and the consequences of screening more women for gestational diabetes.It is unclear to GPs whether they are required to recommend screening to pregnant women or just inform them of its availability.The guideline should be evaluated to better account for the benefits, burdens and costs of screening and any subsequent treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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8. Cerebral palsy among children of immigrants in Denmark and the role of socioeconomic status
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Petersen, Tanja Gram, Forthun, Ingeborg, Lange, Theis, Villadsen, Sarah Fredsted, Nybo Andersen, Anne-Marie, Uldall, Peter, and Strandberg-Larsen, Katrine
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- 2019
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9. The associations between different types of infections and circadian preference and shift work.
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Bjorvatn, Bjørn, Waage, Siri, Emberland, Knut Erik, Litleskare, Sverre, Rebnord, Ingrid K., Forthun, Ingeborg, and Rortveit, Guri
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MORNINGNESS-Eveningness Questionnaire ,CHRONOTYPE ,SHIFT systems ,EYE infections ,SLEEP interruptions ,SEXUALLY transmitted diseases - Abstract
Disturbed sleep and circadian disruption are reported to increase the risk of infections. People with an evening circadian preference and night workers typically report insufficient sleep, and the aims of the present study were to investigate possible associations between various types of infections and circadian preference and shift work status. Data were collected from an online cross-sectional survey of 1023 participants recruited from the Norwegian practice-based research network in general practice – PraksisNett. The participants completed questions about circadian preference (morning type, intermediate type, evening type), work schedule (day work, shift work without nights, shift work with night shifts), and whether they had experienced infections during the last three months (common cold, throat infection, ear infection, sinusitis, pneumonia/bronchitis, COVID-19, influenza-like illness, skin infection, gastrointestinal infection, urinary infection, venereal disease, eye infection). Data were analyzed with chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses with adjustment for relevant confounders (gender, age, marital status, country of birth, children living at home, and educational level). Results showed that evening types more often reported venereal disease compared to morning types (OR = 4.01, confidence interval (CI) = 1.08–14.84). None of the other infections were significantly associated with circadian preference. Shift work including nights was associated with higher odds of influenza-like illness (OR = 1.97, CI = 1.10–3.55), but none of the other infections. In conclusion, neither circadian preference nor shift work seemed to be strongly associated with risk of infections, except for venereal disease (more common in evening types) and influenza-like illness (more common in night workers). Longitudinal studies are needed for causal inferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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10. Associations between excessive fatigue and pain, sleep, mental-health and work factors in Norwegian nurses.
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Hiestand, Stand, Forthun, Ingeborg, Waage, Siri, Pallesen, Ståle, and Bjorvatn, Bjørn
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DROWSINESS , *SLEEP duration , *SPREADING cortical depression , *LOGISTIC regression analysis , *EPWORTH Sleepiness Scale , *SHIFT systems , *NURSE supply & demand - Abstract
Aim: To investigate whether pain, sleep duration, insomnia, sleepiness, work-related factors, anxiety, and depression associate with excessive fatigue in nurses. Background: Fatigue among nurses is a problem in the context of ongoing nursing shortages. While myriad factors are associated with fatigue not all relationships are understood. Prior studies have not examined excessive fatigue in the context of pain, sleep, mental health, and work factors in a working population to determine if associations between excessive fatigue and each of these factors remain when adjusting for each other. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire study among 1,335 Norwegian nurses. The questionnaire included measures for fatigue (Chalder Fatigue Questionnaire, score ≥4 categorized as excessive fatigue), pain, sleep duration, insomnia (Bergen Insomnia Scale), daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale), anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), and work-related factors. Associations between the exposure variables and excessive fatigue were analyzed using chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses. Results: In the fully adjusted model, significant associations were found between excessive fatigue and pain severity scores for arms/wrists/hands (adjusted OR (aOR) = 1.09, CI = 1.02–1.17), hips/legs/knees/feet (aOR = 1.11, CI = 1.05–1.18), and headaches/migraines (aOR = 1.16, CI = 1.07–1.27), sleep duration of <6 hours (aOR = 2.02, CI = 1.08–3.77), and total symptom scores for insomnia (aOR = 1.05, CI = 1.03–1.08), sleepiness (aOR = 1.11, CI = 1.06–1.17), anxiety (aOR = 1.09, CI = 1.03–1.16), and depression (aOR = 1.24, CI = 1.16–1.33). The musculoskeletal complaint-severity index score (aOR = 1.27, CI = 1.13–1.42) was associated with excessive fatigue in a separate model adjusted for all variables and demographics. Excessive fatigue was also associated with shift work disorder (OR = 2.25, CI = 1.76–2.89) in a model adjusted for demographics. We found no associations with shift work, number of night shifts and number of quick returns (<11 hours between shifts) in the fully adjusted model. Conclusion: Excessive fatigue was associated with pain, sleep- and mental health-factors in a fully adjusted model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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11. Prevalence of insomnia and hypnotic use in Norwegian patients visiting their general practitioner.
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Torsvik, Sunniva, Bjorvatn, Bjørn, Eliassen, Knut Eirik, and Forthun, Ingeborg
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GENERAL practitioners ,MEDICAL students ,INSOMNIA ,HYPNOTICS ,POISSON regression - Abstract
Background Sleep problems are common in the general population, but there are few studies on the prevalence of sleep problems and hypnotic use among patients in general practice. Objectives To estimate the prevalence of insomnia (based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [DSM], version 5), self-reported sleep problems and hypnotic use among patients in general practice, and explore whether the prevalence depended on patient characteristics. Methods A cross-sectional study with questionnaire data collected by 114 final-year medical students while deployed in different general practices in Norway during 2020. A total of 1,848 consecutive and unselected patients (response rate 85.2%) visiting their general practitioners (GPs) completed a one-page questionnaire, that included the validated Bergen Insomnia Scale (BIS), questions on for how long they have had a sleep problem, hypnotic use, and background characteristics. Associations were estimated using a modified Poisson regression model. Results The prevalence of chronic insomnia according to BIS was 48.3%, while 46.9% reported chronic sleep problems (sleep problems of ≥3 months) and 17.8% reported hypnotic use. Females, patients with low compared with higher education, and patients who slept shorter or longer than 7–8 h, had higher risk of chronic insomnia disorder (CID), chronic self-reported sleep problems (CSP), and hypnotic use. The oldest age group (≥65 years) had lower risk of chronic insomnia compared with the youngest (18–34) but twice the probability of hypnotic use. Conclusions CID, CSP, and hypnotic use were prevalent among patients visiting their GP. Insomnia can be effectively treated and deserves more attention among GPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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12. The association between self-reported sleep problems, infection, and antibiotic use in patients in general practice .
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Forthun, Ingeborg, Ringheim Eliassen, Knut Eirik, Emberland, Knut Erik, and Bjorvatn, Bjørn
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SLEEP duration ,SLEEP ,SLEEP disorders ,SLEEP hygiene ,POISSON regression ,CO-sleeping ,ANTIBIOTICS - Abstract
Objectives: There is emerging evidence that sleep problems and short sleep duration increase the risk of infection. We aimed to assess whether chronic insomnia disorder, chronic sleep problems, sleep duration and circadian preference based on self-report were associated with risk of infections and antibiotic use among patients visiting their general practitioner (GP). Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 1,848 unselected patients in Norway visiting their GP during 2020.The patients completed a one-page questionnaire while waiting for the consultation, that included the validated Bergen Insomnia Scale (BIS), questions on self-assessed sleep problem, sleep duration and circadian preference and whether they have had any infections or used antibiotics in the last 3 months. Relative risks (RR) were estimated using modified Poisson regression models. Results: The risk of infection was 27% (95% CI RR 1.11–1.46) and 44% higher (95% CI 1.12–1.84) in patients sleeping <6 h and >9 h, respectively, compared to those sleeping 7–8 h. The risk was also increased in patients with chronic insomnia disorder or a chronic sleep problem. For antibiotic use, the risk was higher for patients sleeping <6 h, and for those with chronic insomnia disorder or a chronic sleep problem. Conclusions: Among patients visiting their GP, short sleep duration, chronic insomnia and chronic sleep problem based on self-report were associated with higher prevalence of infection and antibiotic use. These findings support the notion of a strong association between sleep and infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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13. Ingen fasit for beregning av overdødelighet.
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KNUDSEN, ANN KRISTIN SKRINDO, FORTHUN, INGEBORG, and MADSEN, CHRISTIAN
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- 2023
14. A shift to something better? A longitudinal study of work schedule and prescribed sleep medication use in nurses.
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Forthun, Ingeborg, Waage, Siri, Pallesen, Staale, Moen, Bente Elisabeth, and Bjorvatn, Bjørn
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- 2022
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15. Sleep medication and melatonin use among Norwegian nurses – A cross‐sectional study.
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Forthun, Ingeborg, Waage, Siri, Pallesen, Ståle, Moen, Bente Elisabeth, and Bjorvatn, Bjørn
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SHIFT systems ,CROSS-sectional method ,MELATONIN ,HOSPITAL nursing staff ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,INDUSTRIAL hygiene ,POISSON distribution - Abstract
Aim: To estimate the prevalence of sleep medication and melatonin use among nurses and to assess if factors related to work, sleep or mental health, were associated with such use. Design: A cross‐sectional study. Methods: A questionnaire survey including 2,798 Norwegian nurses. Associations were estimated using a modified Poisson regression model. Results: In total, 7.5%, 4.6% and 2.0% of the nurses included in the present study reported prescribed sleep medication, over‐the‐counter sleep medication or melatonin use in the last year, respectively. Short sleep duration, sleep problems and psychological conditions were strongly associated with both prescribed and over‐the‐counter sleep medication use. Nurses who worked more than 60 night shifts in the last year were at increased risk of sleep medication use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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16. Maternal Chronic Conditions and Risk of Cerebral Palsy in Offspring: A National Cohort Study.
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Strøm, Marianne S., Tollånes, Mette C., Wilcox, Allen J., Lie, Rolv Terje, Forthun, Ingeborg, and Moster, Dag
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- 2021
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17. Priority-setting dilemmas, moral distress and support experienced by nurses and physicians in the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway.
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Miljeteig, Ingrid, Forthun, Ingeborg, Hufthammer, Karl Ove, Engelund, Inger Elise, Schanche, Elisabeth, Schaufel, Margrethe, and Onarheim, Kristine Husøy
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ANALYSIS of variance , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *PSYCHOLOGICAL distress , *ETHICS , *MULTIVARIATE analysis , *NURSES' attitudes , *PROFESSIONAL ethics , *PSYCHOLOGICAL tests , *T-test (Statistics) , *ETHICAL decision making , *MULTIPLE regression analysis , *SOCIAL support , *CROSS-sectional method , *DATA analysis software , *PHYSICIANS' attitudes , *ODDS ratio , *COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
Background: The global COVID-19 pandemic has imposed challenges on healthcare systems and professionals worldwide and introduced a ´maelstrom´ of ethical dilemmas. How ethically demanding situations are handled affects employees' moral stress and job satisfaction. Aim: Describe priority-setting dilemmas, moral distress and support experienced by nurses and physicians across medical specialties in the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Western Norway. Research design: A cross-sectional hospital-based survey was conducted from 23 April to 11 May 2020. Ethical considerations: Ethical approval granted by the Regional Research Ethics Committee in Western Norway (131421). Findings: Among the 1606 respondents, 67% had experienced priority-setting dilemmas the previous two weeks. Healthcare workers who were directly involved in COVID-19 care, were redeployed or worked in psychiatry/addiction medicine experienced it more often. Although 59% of the respondents had seen adverse consequences due to resource scarcity, severe consequences were rare. Moral distress levels were generally low (2.9 on a 0–10 scale), but higher in selected groups (redeployed, managers and working in psychiatry/addiction medicine). Backing from existing collegial and managerial structures and routines, such as discussions with colleagues and receiving updates and information from managers that listened and acted upon feedback, were found more helpful than external support mechanisms. Priority-setting guidelines were also helpful. Discussion: By including all medical specialties, nurses and physicians, and various institutions, the study provides information on how the COVID-19 mitigation also influenced those not directly involved in the COVID-19 treatment of patients. In the next stages of the pandemic response, support for healthcare professionals directly involved in outbreak-affected patients, those redeployed or those most impacted by mitigation strategies must be a priority. Conclusion: Empirical research of healthcare workers experiences under a pandemic are important to identify groups at risks and useful support mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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18. Parental education and the risk of cerebral palsy for children: an evaluation of causality.
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Forthun, Ingeborg, Lie, Rolv Terje, Strandberg‐Larsen, Katrine, Solheim, Magne Haugland, Moster, Dag, Wilcox, Allen J, Mortensen, Laust Hvas, Tollånes, Mette C, and Strandberg-Larsen, Katrine
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CHILDREN with cerebral palsy , *FATHER-child relationship , *CEREBRAL palsy , *MOTHER-child relationship , *FATHERHOOD , *DROOLING , *RELATIVE medical risk , *RESEARCH , *RESEARCH methodology , *CASE-control method , *ACQUISITION of data , *EVALUATION research , *MEDICAL cooperation , *COMPARATIVE studies , *ATTRIBUTION (Social psychology) , *DISEASE prevalence , *RESEARCH funding , *PARENTS , *EDUCATIONAL attainment - Abstract
Aim: To explore whether increasing parental education has a causal effect on risk of cerebral palsy (CP) in the child, or whether unobserved confounding is a more likely explanation.Method: We used data from Norwegian registries on approximately 1.5 million children born between 1967 and 2011. We compared results from a traditional cohort design with results from a family-based matched case-control design, in which children with CP were matched to their first cousins without CP. In addition, we performed a simulation study to assess the role of unobserved confounding.Results: In the cohort design, the odds of CP were reduced in children of mothers and fathers with higher education (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.60-0.75 for maternal education, and adjusted OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.67-0.85 for paternal education). In the family-based case-control design, only an association for maternal education remained (adjusted OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.64-0.99). Results from a simulation study suggested that this association could be explained by unobserved confounding.Interpretation: A causal effect of obtaining higher education on risk of CP in the child is unlikely. Results stress the importance of continued research on the role of genetic and environmental risk factors that vary by parents' educational level.What This Paper Adds: Children of higher-educated parents had significantly lower odds of cerebral palsy (CP). There was no evidence of difference in risk of CP within first cousins whose mothers or fathers had different educational levels. Association between parental education and odds of CP did not reflect a causal effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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19. Parental socioeconomic status and risk of cerebral palsy in the child: evidence from two Nordic population-based cohorts.
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Forthun, Ingeborg, Strandberg-Larsen, Katrine, Wilcox, Allen J, Moster, Dag, Petersen, Tanja Gram, Vik, Torstein, Lie, Rolv Terje, Uldall, Peter, and Tollånes, Mette Christophersen
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CEREBRAL palsy , *SOCIAL status , *HEALTH behavior , *REGRESSION analysis - Abstract
Background: We investigated whether the risk of cerebral palsy (CP) in the child varies by parents' socioeconomic status, in Denmark and Norway.Methods: We included almost 1.3 million children born in Demark during 1981-2007 and 2.4 million children born in Norway during 1967-2007, registered in the Medical Birth registries. Data on births were linked to Statistics Denmark and Norway to retrieve information on parents' education and relationship status and, in Denmark, also income. CP diagnoses were obtained from linkage with national registries. We used multivariate log-binominal regression models to estimate relative risk (RR) of CP according to parental socioeconomic status.Results: There was a strong trend of decreasing risk of CP with additional education of both the mother and the father. These trends were nearly identical for the two parents, with a one-third reduction in risk for those with the highest education compared with parents with the lowest education. When both parents had high education, risk of CP was further reduced (RR 0.58, 0.53-0.63). Women with partners had a reduction in risk (RR 0.79, 0.74-0.85) compared with single mothers overall. Risk patterns were stable over time, across countries and within spastic bilateral and unilateral CP. Household income was not associated with risk of CP.Conclusions: Risk of CP in two Scandinavian countries was lower among educated parents and mothers with a partner, but unrelated to income. Factors underlying this stable association with education are unknown, but could include differences in potentially modifiable lifestyle factors and health behaviours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
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20. Maternal Prepregnancy BMI and Risk of Cerebral Palsy in Offspring.
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Forthun, Ingeborg, Wilcox, Allen J., Strandberg-Larsen, Katrine, Moster, Dag, Nohr, Ellen A., Terje Lie, Rolv, Surén, Pål, and Tollånes, Mette C.
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CEREBRAL palsy , *OBESITY complications , *CHI-squared test , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *LONGITUDINAL method , *RESEARCH funding , *LOGISTIC regression analysis , *BODY mass index , *RELATIVE medical risk , *DATA analysis software , *PREGNANCY , *DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and risk of cerebral palsy (CP) in offspring. METHODS: The study population consisted of 188 788 children in the Mothers and Babies in Norway and Denmark CP study, using data from 2 population-based, prospective birth cohorts: the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study and the Danish National Birth Cohort. Prepregnancy BMI was classified as underweight (BMI <18.5), lower normal weight (BMI 18.5-22.9), upper normal weight (BMI 23.0-24.9), overweight (BMI 25.0- 29.9), and obese (BMI ≥30). CP diagnoses were obtained from the national CP registries. Associations between maternal prepregnancy BMI and CP in offspring were investigated by using log-binomial regression models. RESULTS: The 2 cohorts had 390 eligible cases of CP (2.1 per 1000 live-born children). Compared with mothers in the lower normal weight group, mothers in the upper normal group had a 40% excess risk of having a child with CP (relative risk [RR], 1.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.78). Excess risk was 60% (RR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.21-2.01) for overweight mothers and 60% (RR, 1.55; 95% CI 1.11-2.18) for obese mothers. The risk of CP increased 4% for each unit increase in BMI (RR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02-1.06). Estimates changed little with adjustment for mother's occupational status, age, and smoking habits. CONCLUSIONS: Higher prepregnancy maternal BMI was associated with increased risk of CP in offspring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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21. Cohort profile: cerebral palsy in the Norwegian and Danish birth cohorts (MOBAND-CP).
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Tollånes, Mette C., Strandberg-Larsen, Katrine, Forthun, Ingeborg, Petersen, Tanja Gram, Moster, Dag, Andersen, Anne-Marie Nybo, Stoltenberg, Camilla, Olsen, Jørn, and Wilcox, Allen J.
- Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of M Others and BAbies in Norway and Denmark cerebral palsy (MOBAND-CP) was to study CP aetiology in a prospective design. Participants: MOBAND-CP is a cohort of more than 210 000 children, created as a collaboration between the world's two largest pregnancy cohorts--the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort study (MoBa) and the Danish National Birth Cohort. MOBAND-CP includes maternal interview/questionnaire data collected during pregnancy and follow-up, plus linked information from national health registries. Findings to date: Initial harmonisation of data from the 2 cohorts has created 140 variables for children and their mothers. In the MOBAND-CP cohort, 438 children with CP have been identified through record linkage with validated national registries, providing by far the largest such sample with prospectively collected detailed pregnancy data. Several studies investigating various hypotheses regarding CP aetiology are currently on-going. Future plans: Additional data can be harmonised as necessary to meet requirements of new projects. Biological specimens collected during pregnancy and at delivery are potentially available for assay, as are results from assays conducted on these specimens for other projects. The study size allows consideration of CP subtypes, which is rare in aetiological studies of CP. In addition, MOBAND-CP provides a platform within the context of a merged birth cohort of exceptional size that could, after appropriate permissions have been sought, be used for cohort and case-cohort studies of other relatively rare health conditions of infants and children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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22. Stretching oneself too thin and facing ethical challenges: Healthcare professionals' experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Schaufel MA, Schanche E, Onarheim KH, Forthun I, Hufthammer KO, Engelund IE, and Miljeteig I
- Abstract
Backgrounds: Most countries are facing increased pressure on healthcare resources. A better understanding of how healthcare providers respond to new demands is relevant for future pandemics and other crises., Objectives: This study aimed to explore what nurses and doctors in Norway reported as their main ethical challenges during two periods of the COVID-19 pandemic: February 2021 and February 2022., Research Design: A longitudinal repeated cross-sectional study was conducted in the Western health region of Norway. The survey included an open-ended question about ethical challenges among doctors and nurses in hospital departments. Free-text comments were analysed using Systematic Text Condensation and also presented in a frequency table., Ethical Considerations: Ethical approval was granted by the Regional Research Ethics Committee in Western Norway (131,421). All participants provided consent when participating in the study., Results: In 2021, 249 and in 2022, 163 healthcare professionals responded to the open-ended question. Nurses and doctors reported three main categories of ethical challenges related to the COVID-19 pandemic: (1) barriers that hindered them in acting as they ethically would have wanted to do; (2) priority-setting dilemmas linked to overtreatment, transfer of resources and ranking patient needs; and (3) workload expansion threatening work-life balance and employees' health. Category one comprised of resource barriers, regulatory barriers, system barriers, and personal barriers. Regulatory barriers, especially visitor restrictions for next-of-kin, were the most frequently reported in 2021. Resource barriers, related to the increased scarcity of qualified staff, were most frequently reported in 2022. Clinicians stretched themselves thin to avoid compromising on care, diagnostics, or treatment., Conclusions: Developing clinicians' ability to handle and cope with limited healthcare resources is necessary. To foster resilience and sustainability, healthcare leaders, in collaboration with their staff, should ensure fair priority-setting and initiate reflections among doctors and nurses on what it implies to provide 'good enough' care., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
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- 2024
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23. No gold standard for calculating excess mortality.
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Knudsen AKS, Forthun I, and Madsen C
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- Humans, Risk Factors, Mortality
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- 2023
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24. Shift workers are at increased risk of severe COVID-19 compared with day workers: Results from the international COVID sleep study (ICOSS) of 7141 workers.
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Bjorvatn B, Merikanto I, Reis C, Korman M, Bjelajac AK, Holzinger B, De Gennaro L, Wing YK, Morin CM, Espie CA, Benedict C, Landtblom AM, Matsui K, Hrubos-Strøm H, Mota-Rolim S, Nadorff MR, Plazzi G, Chan RNY, Partinen M, Dauvilliers Y, Chung F, and Forthun I
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- Humans, Circadian Rhythm, Sleep, Polysomnography, Work Schedule Tolerance, COVID-19 epidemiology, Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm epidemiology
- Abstract
The present study had two main aims. First, to investigate whether shift/night workers had a higher prevalence and severity of COVID-19 compared with day workers. Second, to investigate whether people regularly working in face-to-face settings during the pandemic exhibited a higher prevalence and severity of COVID-19 compared with those having no need to be in close contact with others at work. Data consisted of 7141 workers from 15 countries and four continents who participated in the International COVID Sleep Study-II (ICOSS-II) between May and December 2021. The associations between work status and a positive COVID-19 test and several indications of disease severity were tested with chi-square tests and logistic regressions adjusted for relevant confounders. In addition, statistical analyses were conducted for the associations between face-to-face work and COVID-19 status. Results showed that shift/night work was not associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 compared to day work. Still, shift/night workers reported higher odds for moderate to life-threatening COVID-19 (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.71, 95%-confidence interval = 1.23-5.95) and need for hospital care (aOR = 5.66, 1.89-16.95). Face-to-face work was associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 (aOR = 1.55, 1.12-2.14) but not with higher disease severity. In conclusion, shift/night work was not associated with an increased risk of COVID-19, but when infected, shift/night workers reported more severe disease. Impaired sleep and circadian disruption commonly seen among shift/night workers may be mediating factors. Working face-to-face increased the risk of COVID-19, likely due to increased exposure to the virus. However, face-to-face work was not associated with increased disease severity.
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- 2023
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