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The agroecological wheat crop in western Paraná is an excellent option for crop rotation, contributing to the quality of the no-tillage system. In this way, the present study aimed to evaluate the agronomic characteristics, the productivity of six wheat cultivars in the agricultural year 2021 cultivated in the West of Paraná in an agroecological system. The experiment was carried out between June and September 2021. Six genotypes were used: TBIO Audaz, TBIO Toruk, BRS Belajoia, ORS Madrepérola, ORS 1403 and UTF 18. The cycle of these cultivars is early to medium. Crop management was carried out in the agroecological system. For fertilization, 8 t ha-1 of chicken litter and the super-lean fertilizer were used. During the maturation period, the production components and grain yield were determined. As a result, it was found that during the crop cycle there was a water deficit which compromised the development of the crop. The highest hectoliter weight was found in the cultivar BRS Belajoia (77.7). In the present work, no cultivar reached the hectoliter weight to be classified as type 1. The highest hectoliter weight was found in the cultivar BRS Belajoia (77.7); however, in the present work, no cultivar reached the hectoliter weight to be classified as type 1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cultivar BRS 420 has superior starch yields in early and late harvest, moderate resistance to the main diseases of the crop, adaptation to mechanized planting and to the no-till system, as well as rapid formation of soil cover (which assists in weed control). It represents an alternative for cassava growers in Paraná and Mato Grosso do Sul. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to determine the interference periods of weeds in cassava 'IAC 90' cultivated in different cycles and cropping systems. An experiment was conducted in the period 2014/15 (1st cycle) and another was conducted from the pruning of cassava plants in the period 2015/16 (2nd cycle). The experimental design was a randomized block design with splitsplit plots and four replicates. The plots represented the cropping systems (conventional and no-tillage) and the split-split plots corresponded to the periods with and without coexistence with weeds (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200 and 225 days after planting or pruning - DAP/DAPr). In the 1st cycle, there was no interaction between the cropping systems and the coexistence periods and, therefore, based on the acceptable losses of 5% in the root and starch yield of 'IAC 90' cassava, the PCPI was estimated between 20 and 212 DAP and 14 to 214 DAP, respectively. In the 2nd cycle, the CPPWI ranged from 17 to 176 DAPr and 30 to 216 DAPr based on the root and starch yield obtained in the conventional method, respectively. While in no-tillage, the estimated CPPWI ranged from 18 to 198 DAPr and 9 to 218 DAPr based on root and starch yield, respectively. In general, the data indicate that conventional weed management should be carried out in a more intensified way than in no-tillage. In addition, CPPWI based on starch losses can avoid losses in root production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The no-tillage system, has contributed to improvements in agricultural soils, among them the like increases in nutrient concentrations.of mineral elements in soil. However, it has been found that this increase concentration occurs mainly in the first few centimeters of the superficial top layer and so risks of nutrient losses by runoff, and associated of the soil, which concurs for losses of mineral elements through of runoff, with economic and environmental damages, are high. This study evaluated the total concentration, in runoff, of mineral elements potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and copper (Cu) in total form and the soluble and particulate concentration form of K, in runoff caused to simulated rainfall of different intensitiesy applied over soil under no-till system and submitted to simulated after application of organic or mineral fertilizers in no-till soil. The fertilizers did not affect the concentration of mineral elements studied nutrients in runoff, except in condition of more high intense rainfall and soil under after organic manure application, which promoted runoff with showed the higher highest concentration of soluble and total K. Independent Irrespective of the type of fertilizers utilized type, the rainfall of higher intensity resulted in higher concentrations of all the mineral elements and forms studied, either in total, soluble or particulate form, evidencing the economic and environmental benefices, risks and suggesting that with the adoption of practices for runoff contention of runoff practices must be adopted , even in tilled croplands areas managed under no-till system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]