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At some point prior to their children turning 18, roughly 70% of mothers will hold the position of breadwinner in their family. The increasing number of breadwinning mothers is reflective of the shifting roles of women in families. Although a family role shift is evident for mothers, the centrality of women in the development of families across the lifespan remains unchanged. The centrality of mothers to family development is obvious in the family life cycle. Embedded in the traditional family structure, the family life cycle is a commonly used assessment model for family lifespan development despite its incongruence with professional counseling ethics and curriculum standards. The incongruence highlights the need for a family development model appropriate for diverse family structures. Therefore, a pilot case study approach guided this study as an initial exploration into the family development of high achieving women. An in-depth semi-structured interview with a single participant was conducted and then analyzed using a phenomenological approach. Four themes emerged from the participant's experience: self-efficacy and hustle, supportive relationships, resources used, and barriers faced. The findings from this study demonstrated a clear need for additional research. Additionally, the researcher recommends that counselor educators and family counselors should be cautious in their utilization of existing family development assessment models with diverse families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An exploration of peer-reviewed articles published in the last decade in 11 journals from the American Counseling Association (ACA) was conducted to identify the state of research on teaching family and systems theory in the field of counselor education. This study presents a review of the relevant literature using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework. While much has been published over the past decade specific to family and systems theory, few recommendations exist for counselor educators attempting to select the most recent and relevant publications to include in their counselor education curricula. A summary of the review and recommendations for counselor educators who are designing and teaching counselor education curricula on family and systems theory are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food Science & Technology & Economy is the property of Grain Science & Technology & Economy Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objective] The purpose of this study was to reveal the mechanism of impact of family life cycle on farming households’ farmland abandonment behavior, clarify the influencing factors of farmland abandonment behavior at different stages of the family life cycle, and provide a decision-making reference for farmland abandonment management in hilly and mountainous areas. [Methods] Based on the theoretical analysis and using the micro-survey data of farming households in the hilly and mountainous areas of Jiangxi Province from 2020 to 2021, we constructed the Logit and Tobit models, empirically analyzed the influence of family life cycle on farming households’ decisions to abandon farmland and the scale of farmland abandonment, and examined the influencing factors of farmland abandonment behavior in different family life cycle stages. [Results] The results show that: (1) The decisions and scale of farmland abandonment at different family life cycle stages are obviously different. Compared to the families in the supporting period, the possibility of abandoning the farmland was significantly higher for those in the stable period and the empty-nest period, and the scale of the abandoned farmland increased in the stable period, the maintenance period, and the empty-nest period. (2) Compared to the families in the supporting period, the families in the stable period can indirectly influence the scale of farmland abandonment by increasing rural labor transfer to non-agricultural sectors. (3) There is a heterogeneity in the factors that affect farmland abandonment behavior at different stages of the family life cycle. [Conclusion] In conclusion, it is necessary to fully consider the characteristics of farmland abandonment behavior of farming households at different stages of family life cycle, and provide targeted strategies of farmland abandonment governance.

Background: Cancer affects patients and their families, but few data are available on factors associated with diversity of family structures among patients with cancer. Family is a source of both support and responsibility that must be understood to support patients and their families. Methods: Pooled data (2004–2015) from the National Health Interview Study were used to compare characteristics of cancer survivors with and without minor children and differences by sex and race/ethnicity among survivors with minor children. Results: 13.9% of cancer survivors have minor children in the household, and this experience is more likely for women and people who identify as other than non‐Hispanic White. Conclusion: There are considerable differences by sex and race/ethnicity in the characteristics of cancer survivors with minor children. Clinicians should make consideration of family circumstances a routine part of their history. Doing so will help to identify potential sources of support and responsibility that may affect adherence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Encouraging farmers to adopt greener and cleaner energy is crucial for reducing energy pollution and achieving carbon neutrality goals. In rural China, the decision making of farmers is often closely related to the whole family. At different stages of the family life cycle, the family has different characteristics, which leads to heterogeneity in the focus and final decision of farmers in adopting living clean energy. Therefore, this paper studies the farmers' living clean energy adoption behavior from the perspective of the family life cycle. It is helpful to identify the different policy needs and the evolution of farmers in different stages in order to provide a reference and inspiration for encouraging the adoption of living clean energy by farmers and for promoting the development of clean energy in rural areas. Based on the survey data of 1382 farmers in Jiangxi Province, this paper uses a multiple linear regression model to explore the impact of the family life cycle on farmers' clean energy adoption behavior. The results show the following: (1) The family life cycle has a significant impact on farmers' living clean energy adoption behavior, which is reflected in four aspects: energy demand, livelihood strategy, health demand and support burden; (2) Awareness of environmental ecology and frequency of government promotion have significant positive effects on farmers' living clean energy adoption behavior, while gender has significant negative effects on farmers' clean energy adoption behavior; (3) There are also differences in the influencing factors of farmers' living clean energy adoption behavior at different stages of the family life cycle. Therefore, when promoting clean energy in rural areas, a precise clean energy incentive mechanism should be adopted to treat families in different family life cycle stages differently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study discusses the transformation of the peasant family in Russia in the twentieth century and focuses on the materials of the budget surveys of peasant households in the Middle Urals in 1928/1929 and in 1963. The population censuses of 1926, 1939, and 1959 allow us to compare the family structure in rural areas of the Urals diachronically and to chart the evolution of the Russian peasant family. While the Ural budget surveys reflect the national dynamics, they also bear the signs of specific regional characteristics: milder demographic effects because WOII, higher rates of urbanization in rural areas as a result of the accompanying migration processes. Our study has shown that the demographic transition in Russia was characterised by the following : a very fast, albeit belated, change in the family structure from 1920 to the 1960s; the family was affected by demographic disasters such as wars and political campaigns. As a result, the peasant family could not maintain the fertility rates at the replacement level. The structural-typological analysis and micro-level modelling of the family life cycle have demonstrated that peasant families had peculiar mechanisms of adaptation to internal and external pressures. While the life cycle of the traditional family household was largely determined by the peasant economy, in an urbanized society there were two main family types and, correspondingly, two types of the family life cycle. The reduced life cycle of the single parent family became secondary to the 'model' life cycle of the two parent family. Soviet modernization contributed to the transformation of 'fragmented' family forms into a typical version of the family landscape, not only in cities but also in rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of New Building Materials / Xinxing Jianzhu Cailiao is the property of New Building Materials Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the context of increasingly severe resource and environmental constraints, accelerating family farms to take the path of green agricultural development is an urgent practical problem to be solved. The bancassurance interaction, an innovative form of financial support policy for agriculture, can effectively alleviate the risks and credit rationing problems faced by family farms in the operation process, provide new opportunities for green production of family farms, and is of great significance to promoting sustainable agricultural development. This study uses data from 564 planting family farms in Shaanxi Province to analyze the impact of the bancassurance interaction on adopting green production technology in family farms and its mechanism, paying particular attention to the heterogeneous effects of the family life cycle and family economic level. The results of this study show that the bancassurance interaction has a significant positive impact on the adoption of green production technology by family farms. Compared with agricultural credit and insurance, the effect of the bancassurance interaction on adopting green production technologies is more evident. The analysis of the impact mechanism shows that the bancassurance interaction can promote the adoption of green production technology in family farms through three channels: increasing investment in agricultural production, expanding the scale of land management, and strengthening exchanges of green technology. Among them, the effect of increasing agrarian production investment is the most pronounced. The heterogeneity analysis shows that the impact of the bancassurance interaction on the green production technology of family farms varies significantly according to the family life cycle and economic level. Family farms at the dependency stage and low-income level were more willing to adopt green production technologies driven by the bancassurance interaction. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously innovate the interaction mode between banks and insurance companies, rationally allocating agricultural production factors and combining the actual situation of each family farm to strengthen the leading role of the bancassurance interaction in adopting green production technologies and promoting high-quality agricultural development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The implementation of China's rural homestead withdrawal policy has been a topic of great interest in recent years. However, little is known about its impact on farmers' homestead withdrawal behavior from the perspective of psychological resilience. This study aims to evaluate the impact of psychological resilience on farmers' homestead withdrawal behavior and to explore its mechanism and heterogeneity, as well as its impact on compensation choices. The research data was collected through a survey of 657 rural households in Shaanxi and Shandong provinces. The probit model and mediation effect model were used to analyze the data. The results demonstrate that psychological resilience positively affects farmers' homestead withdrawal behavior; this finding is robust. Specifically, the positive influence of stability and adaptability dimensions of psychological resilience is more significant. Moreover, the effect of psychological resilience varies across different family life cycles, and it has a stronger promoting effect on the homestead withdrawal behavior of child-raising families. Mechanism analysis indicates that psychological resilience can promote homestead withdrawal behavior by reducing farmers' land dependence consciousness and improving farmers' risk preferences. Finally, farmers with strong psychological resilience are more inclined to choose cash compensation. Based on these findings, this paper proposes targeted policy recommendations for rural homestead system reform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The literature examining the role played by family life cycle in farm households’ decisions to adopt sustainable agricultural technology (SAT) remains scant. To bridge this gap, we evaluate the impact of family life cycle on farm households’ adoption of SATs by using multivariate probit regression analyses of survey data from 902 farm households in Hubei Province, China. The results show that most farm households belong to the middle stages of the family life cycle. Straw returning is the most frequently adopted SAT among farm households. Farm households’ SAT adoption decisions are closely related to family life cycle. SAT adoption by farm households differs at each family life cycle stage. Based on this finding, when stimulating SAT adoption, the government should consider the different capital endowments and needs of farm households at different family life cycle stages as well as conduct differential and targeted technology promotion measures.

Migrant workers moving to urbanized areas constitute a floating labor pool that provides flexible and cheap labor for urbanization processes. The Thirteenth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China proposed the "acceleration of citizenization of rural migrant workers". Promoting the citizenization of migrant workers has always been a focus of the government and aca-demia as well as a fundamental part of China's new urbanization strategy. Based on the questionnaire data of 1 270 migrant workers of the Pearl River Delta in 2017, this paper adopts the multinomial Logistic regression analysis to explore the residential choice and influencing factors among four types of migrant workers' families, which are childless family (I), parents and minor children combined family (ii), unmarried children and their parents combined family (iii), and empty-nest family (iV), from the perspective of the family life cycle. The results show that: 1) The average age, the length of residence, the level of education, the average monthly income, and the per capita living area of the four types of families show regular differentiation. 2) The residential choice of 4 types of families is mainly in urban villages; Types I and IV prefer to select factory dormitories and affordable housing communities, respectively, while types II and III prefer to select commodity housing communities. 3) The main influencing factors of the residential choice of migrant workers in the Pearl River Delta are family type, individual factor, rural factor, migration factor, and location factor. Based on the results of this study, we put forward community-based policy suggestions for citizenization strategy [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Praxis der Kinderpsychologie und Kinderpsychiatrie is the property of Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht GmbH & Co. KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Encouraging farmers to adopt greener and cleaner energy is crucial for reducing energy pollution and achieving carbon neutrality goals. In rural China, the decision making of farmers is often closely related to the whole family. At different stages of the family life cycle, the family has different characteristics, which leads to heterogeneity in the focus and final decision of farmers in adopting living clean energy. Therefore, this paper studies the farmers’ living clean energy adoption behavior from the perspective of the family life cycle. It is helpful to identify the different policy needs and the evolution of farmers in different stages in order to provide a reference and inspiration for encouraging the adoption of living clean energy by farmers and for promoting the development of clean energy in rural areas. Based on the survey data of 1382 farmers in Jiangxi Province, this paper uses a multiple linear regression model to explore the impact of the family life cycle on farmers’ clean energy adoption behavior. The results show the following: (1) The family life cycle has a significant impact on farmers’ living clean energy adoption behavior, which is reflected in four aspects: energy demand, livelihood strategy, health demand and support burden; (2) Awareness of environmental ecology and frequency of government promotion have significant positive effects on farmers’ living clean energy adoption behavior, while gender has significant negative effects on farmers’ clean energy adoption behavior; (3) There are also differences in the influencing factors of farmers’ living clean energy adoption behavior at different stages of the family life cycle. Therefore, when promoting clean energy in rural areas, a precise clean energy incentive mechanism should be adopted to treat families in different family life cycle stages differently.

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between spouse burnout and differentiation of self of married individuals, and to reveal whether spouse burnout of married individuals at different stages of the family life cycle (FLC) differs according to some demographic variables. This study is a descriptive research in the relational screening model. A total of 535 married individuals, 382 (71,4%) women and 153 (28,6%) men, participated in the study voluntarily. In the research "Personal Information Form", "Couple Burnout Scale" and "Differentiation of Self Scale" were used as data collection tools. Since the data were not normally distributed, non-parametric methods "Spearman Rank Differences Correlation Coefficient", "Mann Whitney U" and "Kruskal Wallis H Tests" were used in the analysis of the data. According to the findings obtained as a result of this study, a statistically significant negative relationship was found between all subdimensions of differentiation of self and spouse burnout. Spouse burnout in the family cycle with adolescent children differed according to gender and spouse burnout was higher in women. It has been observed that spouse burnout differs according to working status in the school-age family and family with adolescent children, and spouse burnout is higher in those who do not work. In the cycle of elderly and single parents, spouse burnout differed between below minimum wage and minimum wage categories in terms of income, and spouse burnout was higher among those with minimum wage. It has been observed that spouse burnout differs in terms of marriage styles in the childless family and school age family cycle, and spouse burnout is higher in individuals who have arranged marriages. On the other hand, it was observed that spouse burnout did not differ significantly in terms of education level, number of children, types of family of origin, and living in the same city with the family of origin in all phases of FLC. The findings were discussed in line with the literature and suggestions were presented on the subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The birth of a child with congenital heart disease (CHD) completely changes the family situation. CHD is a chronic condition that from birth to life is associated with psychological characteristics and poses many challenges. This review presents the main features of the life cycle of a family with a child with CHD. The stages of a family life cycle are 6: independent living; married couple; family with children up to school age; with children from school age to adulthood; stage of “empty nest”; late stage. Each is characterized by different psychological features. The third stage or the appearance of a child with CHD is manifested by a high level of stress and anxiety, the formation and change of parenting styles, relationships with doctors. School achievements, frequent hospitalizations, and social isolation are leading in the fourth stage. The fi fth stage sometimes does not occur. Sixth is related to health problems. The fi rst stage of independence is also very problematic and often missing. The leading factors in the second stage are heredity, professional realization, and relationships with the partner. The family with CHD follows the usual stages of the life cycle, but the psychological features are related to the presence of chronic disease. Preferred parenting styles, levels of anxiety, and self-esteem differ from those, used in families without a child with CHD. It is necessary to develop training for parents to support the adaptation and integration of the disease in the life of the family.

Relevance. Demographic transformation, which began in the middle of the 20th century mainly in economically developed countries, has now become the most important global trend. Decline in the birth rate, increase in life expectancy, change in the habitual structure of households almost everywhere in recent decades have occurred against the backdrop of accelerated urbanization, increase in the level of education of citizens, changes in forms of employment, and the formation of a digital economy. The turbulence of the socio-economic space, the challenges and shocks of recent times are even more significantly and rapidly changing the usual formats of various aspects of household life, including changes in the traditional approaches of households to the use of their budgets. Objective: based on the basic provisions of relevant scientific theories for this topic, to identify the main directions of evolutionary transformations in the approaches of households when they use family budgets, which are typical for different countries. Methods: analysis and synthesis of scientific literature, problem-focused comparison of theoretical concepts, analysis of current OECD statistics on household income and expenditure in various countries. Results. The study showed that modern scientific theories consider issues related to the formation and use of family budgets by households in a very ambiguous and rather contradictory way, emphasizing various causes, manifestations and expected consequences of the phenomenon under consideration. The research identified common and specific features characteristic of the formation and spending of family budgets in a number of OECD countries (on the example of Germany, USA, UK, Japan and Italy). It is shown that the development of the financial market not only expanded the investment opportunities of households, but also increased the risks associated with decisions on spending their budgets. Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, a conclusion was drawn that for a deeper study of the trends that characterize the process of making household decisions on spending family budgets, a comprehensive methodology is needed, including a reasonable combination of ideas, principles and tools proposed at different times by representatives of various scientific schools and directions. Based on the analysis of statistical data, it is proved that the optimization of the institutional environment in the capital market can stimulate households to make decisions to increase the share of their investments in relatively risky assets. It is concluded that the development of the capital market in conditions of high concentration of national wealth, as a rule, increases inequality and the society income polarization. In this regard, the development of national financial markets must be considered in a broader context, including the search for new approaches to solving key socio-economic problems of modern society.

Deliberate Self-Harm (DSH) among adolescents is a frequent reason for Emergency Department admissions. Many studies that have considered the risk factors for DSH, mainly from a psychiatric standpoint. However, looking at it from a family life cycle perspective is also important. This study discusses the contribution of systemic themes such as differentiation of self to events leading up to DSH. Of the 24 adolescents presenting with first time DSH without any psychiatric disorder in a 12-month period, 16 were triggered by conflicts with parents and 8 due to conflicts with romantic partners. A struggle with differentiation of self was the major systemic theme. Brief intervention strategies that consider these systemic issues and help both the adolescent and the family are likely to be of benefit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Farm households' sustainable livelihoods in the dryland area of the Yellow River basin is an important guarantee of ecological protection and high-quality development for the Yellow River basin. However, farm households in this region have been facing frequent droughts, water resource shortages, severe soil erosion and other problems; their livelihood security has been seriously threatened. This study used a livelihood resilience framework to evaluate farm households' livelihood resilience in dryland areas through the field survey data and identified the influencing factors of livelihood resilience using the GeoDetector and the Lindeman, Merenda and Gold method (LMG) from the family life cycle perspective. The results revealed the following points: (1) there were significant differences in livelihood resilience, adaptive capacity and anticipatory capacity at each stage of the family life cycle at a 5% significant level. (2) The top two variables of livelihood resilience were preparedness and planning, and substitutable assets, followed by household characteristics. With the evolution of the family life cycle, the impacts of family assets and basic service access on livelihood resilience showed a "U" trend. On the contrary, savings and safety nets showed an inverted "U" shape. (3) Both the GeoDetector and LMG metric models could identify the key influencing factors, but the variable importance rankings of the two models were different to some degree. Finally, based on the results of the analysis, this study proposed targeted policy recommendations for building livelihood resilience of farm households. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The implementation of China’s rural homestead withdrawal policy has been a topic of great interest in recent years. However, little is known about its impact on farmers’ homestead withdrawal behavior from the perspective of psychological resilience. This study aims to evaluate the impact of psychological resilience on farmers’ homestead withdrawal behavior and to explore its mechanism and heterogeneity, as well as its impact on compensation choices. The research data was collected through a survey of 657 rural households in Shaanxi and Shandong provinces. The probit model and mediation effect model were used to analyze the data. The results demonstrate that psychological resilience positively affects farmers’ homestead withdrawal behavior; this finding is robust. Specifically, the positive influence of stability and adaptability dimensions of psychological resilience is more significant. Moreover, the effect of psychological resilience varies across different family life cycles, and it has a stronger promoting effect on the homestead withdrawal behavior of child-raising families. Mechanism analysis indicates that psychological resilience can promote homestead withdrawal behavior by reducing farmers’ land dependence consciousness and improving farmers’ risk preferences. Finally, farmers with strong psychological resilience are more inclined to choose cash compensation. Based on these findings, this paper proposes targeted policy recommendations for rural homestead system reform.

Research suggests that until recently families in history could only avoid episodes of poverty if they put money aside. By helping to smooth consumption over the family life cycle, finance could prevent impoverishment, and is also likely to have had an effect on family life. Saving may have influenced cohabitation structures and the timing and incidence of birth, marriage, and death. That families depended on finance is underlined by the fact that some financial institutions and instruments were specifically developed to help families to smooth consumption over the life cycle. Families' demand for finance thus also shaped financial institutions and instruments. This Introduction provides an overview of how families' demand for finance shaped financial institutions and instruments, and how finance may have helped families to prevent episodes of poverty, and explains how the contributions to this special issue tie into this. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exploring the relationship between child rearing burden and farmers' adoption of climate adaptation technologies can be used to improve farmers' adoption of these technologies, thus reducing the impact of climate change on agricultural production and increasing agricultural output. However, with the full implementation of the Chinese three-child policy, the number of children in families will continue to increase and the cost of raising children will rise, which will have a crowding out effect on the adoption of climate adaptive technologies. In this context, we analyzed the impact and mechanism of child rearing burden on farmers' adoption of climate adaptive technology by Probit model and discussed its heterogeneity based on family life cycle theory. Cross-sectional survey data were collected from 511 farm households in the 3 provinces of China to produce the findings. We found that the child rearing burden had a significant negative impact on farmers' adoption of climate adaptive technology. The impact mechanism analysis showed that the child rearing burden mainly affected farmers' adoption of climate adaptive technology through three paths: risk appetite, economic capital and non-agricultural employment, with non-agricultural employment having the largest impact, followed by risk appetite and finally, economic capital. Furthermore, the effect of child rearing burden on the adoption of climate adaptive technology was heterogeneous amid different family life cycles: In the upbringing and burden period, the child support burden had a significant negative impact on the adoption of climate adaptive technology and the impact was greater in the upbringing period, while in the stable period, the child support burden had a significant positive impact on the adoption of climate adaptive technology. The influence mechanism was also heterogeneous in different family life cycles. This paper not only provides research evidence on the relationship between child rearing burden and farmers' adoption of climate adaptive technology, but also has certain empirical value for the formulation and implementation of supportive measures for improving fertility policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The factors that influence residents' willingness to accept long-term compensation are largely ignored, which leads to coal-to-electricity compensation failures. The core of Internet use is a viable solution to the inefficient coal-to-electricity transition for clean energy. This study employs the Heckman two-stage model to show that the compensation standard for coal-to-electricity transition should range from 25.61 to 174.07 yuan per person. Internet use has significantly promoted the compensation amount for the coal-to-electricity transition among residents. The conclusion is consistent with the theory of "information transmission", indicating that netizens are particularly concerned about the positive information that interferes with the clean energy subsidy standards. The propensity score match method and replacement variables ensure the stability of the research conclusion. Secondly, a subdivision of the sample has shown a significant positive impact of internet use on women in rural areas with lower education levels in northern China. The paper also found that the increase in the importance of different Internet use promotes the amount of compensation for residents' coal-to-electricity transition. The driving mechanisms behind the increase include the learning effect, transaction cost effect and marketization effect, and the family life cycle was found to exhibit an inverted "U" regulation function in the relationship. Therefore, this study provides new policies for the determinants of compensation standards for the coal-to-electricity transition with Internet use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of increasingly severe resource and environmental constraints, accelerating family farms to take the path of green agricultural development is an urgent practical problem to be solved. The bancassurance interaction, an innovative form of financial support policy for agriculture, can effectively alleviate the risks and credit rationing problems faced by family farms in the operation process, provide new opportunities for green production of family farms, and is of great significance to promoting sustainable agricultural development. This study uses data from 564 planting family farms in Shaanxi Province to analyze the impact of the bancassurance interaction on adopting green production technology in family farms and its mechanism, paying particular attention to the heterogeneous effects of the family life cycle and family economic level. The results of this study show that the bancassurance interaction has a significant positive impact on the adoption of green production technology by family farms. Compared with agricultural credit and insurance, the effect of the bancassurance interaction on adopting green production technologies is more evident. The analysis of the impact mechanism shows that the bancassurance interaction can promote the adoption of green production technology in family farms through three channels: increasing investment in agricultural production, expanding the scale of land management, and strengthening exchanges of green technology. Among them, the effect of increasing agrarian production investment is the most pronounced. The heterogeneity analysis shows that the impact of the bancassurance interaction on the green production technology of family farms varies significantly according to the family life cycle and economic level. Family farms at the dependency stage and low-income level were more willing to adopt green production technologies driven by the bancassurance interaction. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously innovate the interaction mode between banks and insurance companies, rationally allocating agricultural production factors and combining the actual situation of each family farm to strengthen the leading role of the bancassurance interaction in adopting green production technologies and promoting high-quality agricultural development.

Copyright of Polskie Forum Psychologiczne is the property of Kazimierza Wielki University in Bydgoszcz and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of the present study was to explore and to understand how 36 urban Southern Angolan couples perceived their family's development across the lifetime. The study sought to compare those results with three systemic approaches of family development, two Western and another indigenous. Through semi-structured interviews, the existence of two trajectories of family life, with similar life events, were identified. The life events of these two trajectories were organized in a different chronological order, based on the religious commitment of the individuals. The results showed discrepancies with the Western models on the composition of the household (i.e., big backyard families and families with a third element) as well as the type of events considered to be important milestones within the family trajectory (e.g., the inexistence of the empty nest). This study provides support for the indigenous framework proposed by Simões and Alberto (2015) and contributes to a better comprehension of the family functioning of the urban Southern Angolan families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to explore gender influence on home renovation based on family life cycle in suburban housing of Bukit Kencana Jaya Semarang, Indonesia. Sixty households were interviewed and the resulting data were analyzed using the mix method. This attempt is important to determine the gender roles and relations influencing housing demand policies. The result showed most renovation activities were conducted on families with children, in addition to formulating two deductions. First, in single and new couples, gender productive roles tend to support house function in terms of economic existence and societal perception. Second, in families with children and elderly, these utilities serve as a habitat for income sources and welfare support.

The family life cycle is a concept that defines the family as a system that changes and develops over time and explains the stages the family goes through in this process of change. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the literature studies on family life cycle. For this purpose, full text resources for the family life cycle between 2000-2020 in DergiPark, EBSCO, Google Academic, YÖK-TEZ, ERIC, PROQUEST and Web of Science databases were discussed. The basis of the study is based on the screening model. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 and the results are presented descriptively as a graph, frequency and percentage. It is seen that mostly qualitative research methods are used in studies. Although the studies are generally conducted with families, it is understood that many different sample groups have been studied. Family life cycle studies are mainly carried out in the field of Family Counseling and Psychology and apart from these two fields studies are carried out in many different fields such as, sociology, health/medicine, social work, family and consumer sciences, economy, tourism, special education, business, psychological counseling, architecture, geography, marketing educational sciences, recreation, human resources, urban management and theology. In the reviewed studies, the family life cycle has been discussed on many different issues, including family counseling approaches, psychology, coping with stress, spouse burnout, resilience and marital satisfaction. As a result of the scanning, a total of 119 studies, including 61 articles, 40 doctoral dissertations, 15 master theses and 3 books, were reached. The obtained studies were evaluated in terms of method, sample, research area, subject titles and publication type sub-dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although researchers have been increasingly using life course perspectives for studying various types of consumption‐related behaviors, they are yet to fully benefit from a recently developed multidisciplinary research approach, known as "the life course paradigm." This paradigm is viewed as a theoretical orientation for the study of stability and change in thoughts and actions over time. It is used extensively across disciplines and internationally, but it has received limited attention in the consumer field; and it has the potential of helping researchers improve their efforts to study consumers over time. To help inform the reader about this paradigm and its assumptions, this article first presents a conceptual life course model and demonstrates its application. Next, it briefly discusses studies that have employed life course explanations of a variety of consumption‐related activities, and interprets their results within the context of the life course model, identifying gaps and research questions that could be effectively studied using the life course paradigm. Finally, the article presents a research agenda on topics of interest to several groups of researchers, offering novel insights and innovative methods to help them think about how to study various types of consumer behavior over time within the life course conceptual blueprint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Family Research (JFR) is the property of University of Bamberg Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Farm households’ sustainable livelihoods in the dryland area of the Yellow River basin is an important guarantee of ecological protection and high-quality development for the Yellow River basin. However, farm households in this region have been facing frequent droughts, water resource shortages, severe soil erosion and other problems; their livelihood security has been seriously threatened. This study used a livelihood resilience framework to evaluate farm households’ livelihood resilience in dryland areas through the field survey data and identified the influencing factors of livelihood resilience using the GeoDetector and the Lindeman, Merenda and Gold method (LMG) from the family life cycle perspective. The results revealed the following points: (1) there were significant differences in livelihood resilience, adaptive capacity and anticipatory capacity at each stage of the family life cycle at a 5% significant level. (2) The top two variables of livelihood resilience were preparedness and planning, and substitutable assets, followed by household characteristics. With the evolution of the family life cycle, the impacts of family assets and basic service access on livelihood resilience showed a “U” trend. On the contrary, savings and safety nets showed an inverted “U” shape. (3) Both the GeoDetector and LMG metric models could identify the key influencing factors, but the variable importance rankings of the two models were different to some degree. Finally, based on the results of the analysis, this study proposed targeted policy recommendations for building livelihood resilience of farm households.

The present study addresses the psychometric properties of the Portuguese translation and adaptation of the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale – version IV (FACES IV). The sample included 1083 individuals from 387 nuclear families, with an average age of 36 years. Besides its sociodemographic heterogeneity, the sample also included participants in various family life cycle stages and belonging to different family subsystems. We found overall good to moderate psychometric properties, namely adequate internal consistency, convergent validity, and discriminant ability. However, rigid and enmeshed scales presented weaker results. Normative expectations and cultural bias are discussed. FACES IV appears to be a valid and reliable measure of family dynamics, suitable for research and clinical purposes within the Portuguese context. However, further studies need to be carried out regarding the instruments' properties in tapping extremely high cohesion (enmeshment) and low flexibility (rigidity) levels. Highlights: The Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale - version IV (FACES IV) validation with a large and heterogeneous sample of the Portuguese population. Limitations of previous Portuguese validation efforts were addressed, namely sample homogeneity and lack of adequate measures to address convergent validity. Portuguese FACES IV measures reliably and validly cohesion and flexibility. Family functioning assessed according to different stages of the family life cycle and family subsystem membership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genetic diseases are a family matter, requiring adjustment and management from the family system, particularly when the diagnosis is recent. Literature has evidenced the importance of the role of older relatives in families dealing with some genetic diseases; however, knowledge is scarce regarding rare incurable genetic disorders, such as Huntington disease. Therefore, this exploratory qualitative study aims at describing how adjustment to Huntington disease occurs, from a family perspective, considering the roles performed by older generations, in the Portuguese context. It adopts the critical incidents technique, administered based on semi-structured interviews, and comprises 10 participants, aged 28 to 72 years (8 females), from seven families. Participants reported 130 critical incidents. The interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, and submitted to thematic analysis. Findings portray participants and their families as "beginners" in understanding and incorporating Huntington disease in their lives, due to recent diagnosis. In addition, data suggest that older relatives play two relevant roles in the creation of family narratives: (1) "shaping awareness about HD" (68 critical incidents) and (2) "influencing HD management" (62 critical incidents). Genetic counseling and family-centered interventions aimed at supporting families with a history of hereditary genetic diseases, should consider a narrative approach involving older relatives, since they have a great influence in sustaining family stories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we sought to empirically validate the model of development of urban families in Southern Angola. The study was carried out with a sample of 256 participants (n = 130, 50.78% women; n = 126, 49.22% men) from urban centers of Southern Angola, aged between 18–79 years. We aimed, particularly, to identify women's and men's perceptions of their family functioning (SCORE-15), family vulnerability to stress (FILE), family strengths (FSQ), and family investment in rituals and routines (FRQ-R). The results from the structured additive regression models (STAR) demonstrated the adequacy of this model to explain and organize the data from the sample studied. Moreover, the results identified the perception of an adjusted family functioning, despite the high levels of family vulnerability to stress and low levels of family strength, compared with international studies. This study also showed a great investment in family rituals and routines. Results from STAR highlight the consistency of women throughout family evolution, and greater fluctuations in the results presented by men, particularly those who are in the stages of families with an adolescent or a young adult child and families in the "sandwich" generation. These results contribute to the enrichment of Simões and Alberto's model and a better understanding of the family reality in urban Southern Angola. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mega-sporting events often contribute to both financial and nonfinancial aspects of a destination. Nonetheless, several problematic issues (e.g. risk/safety issues, high travel costs, and online broadcasting) require a hosting destination focusing more on marketing and promotion strategies to boost event attendance. As such, this study aims to understand the optimal bundling package strategy for a mega-sporting event by investigating the effect of customers' life cycle stage on their preferences in purchasing an event-related package. Several event package features used in this study are important determinants of mega-sporting event participation. More important, respondents in different family life cycle stages showed different levels of sensitivity to each package attribute, thereby constructing different preferences. The result of this study would be useful information for designing more attractive mega-sporting event packages and/or target marketing strategies focusing on different life stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Migration flows in the Russian Federation are intensive in recent years. People go to the places where they can have better conditions for work and solutions of social problems. The purpose of this article is studying such opportunities in the strategy of regional social and economic development of 2030. The methodology of the research consists in the solution of a number of questions. The concept “life cycle of family” is debatable. The paper gives its treatment and presents the cognitive map of requirements of different stages of the life cycle. The authors give the analysis of the strategy of regional social and economic development. The empirical base of the research is the strategy of social and economic development of Volgograd region, Rostov region, Krasnodar Krai, the Republic of Kalmykia, the Republic of Adygea. The article characterizes the specifics of satisfying needs for services of health care, education, culture, sport, the possibility to receive housing, the requirement to human resources in the specified regions. It allowed to define characteristics of individuals interested in accommodation on a certain area and to offer directions of their rebranding. The article provides assessing competitiveness of the strategy of regional social and economic development for 2018–2030 in terms of the family life cycle. The following indicators are used for this purpose: climate attractiveness, unemployment rate, population share with incomes below the subsistence rate, infantile mortality on 1 thousand births, mortality on 100 thousand people of the working population, average monthly salary, share of the employed in small and average business from the total number of the population. The authors conclude that the developed strategies of socio-economic development of territories taking into account the competition between regions do not fully contribute to overcoming the negative trends of their development. In addition to working out the strategy of a particular subject of the Russian Federation, the analysis of the provisions planned by neighboring regions is necessary.

Exploring the relationship between child rearing burden and farmers’ adoption of climate adaptation technologies can be used to improve farmers’ adoption of these technologies, thus reducing the impact of climate change on agricultural production and increasing agricultural output. However, with the full implementation of the Chinese three-child policy, the number of children in families will continue to increase and the cost of raising children will rise, which will have a crowding out effect on the adoption of climate adaptive technologies. In this context, we analyzed the impact and mechanism of child rearing burden on farmers’ adoption of climate adaptive technology by Probit model and discussed its heterogeneity based on family life cycle theory. Cross-sectional survey data were collected from 511 farm households in the 3 provinces of China to produce the findings. We found that the child rearing burden had a significant negative impact on farmers’ adoption of climate adaptive technology. The impact mechanism analysis showed that the child rearing burden mainly affected farmers’ adoption of climate adaptive technology through three paths: risk appetite, economic capital and non-agricultural employment, with non-agricultural employment having the largest impact, followed by risk appetite and finally, economic capital. Furthermore, the effect of child rearing burden on the adoption of climate adaptive technology was heterogeneous amid different family life cycles: In the upbringing and burden period, the child support burden had a significant negative impact on the adoption of climate adaptive technology and the impact was greater in the upbringing period, while in the stable period, the child support burden had a significant positive impact on the adoption of climate adaptive technology. The influence mechanism was also heterogeneous in different family life cycles. This paper not only provides research evidence on the relationship between child rearing burden and farmers’ adoption of climate adaptive technology, but also has certain empirical value for the formulation and implementation of supportive measures for improving fertility policies.

Abstract Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a complex behaviour and occurs most commonly during adolescence. This developmental period is characterized by the drive to establish an equilibrium between personal autonomy and connectedness with primary caregivers. When an adolescent self-injures, caregivers often experience confusion about how to react. Reports of feeling guilt, fear, and shame are common in the wake of learning about a child’s self-injury. This cascade of negative feelings and self-appraisals may lead to hypervigilance and increased caregiver efforts to control the child’s behaviour. The adolescent may experience this as an intrusion, leading to worse family functioning and increased risk of NSSI. This cascade is not well acknowledged or articulated in current literature. This article remedies this gap by presenting the NSSI Family Distress Cascade.

Objective: Drawing from the family communication patters theory and family life cycle theory, this study examined predictors for middle-aged (40 to 59 years old) and older (60 to 79 years old) individuals’ comfort level and actual patterns in communication about their EoL wishes with their families, specifically with their spouse and child(ren). Background: Communicating about end-of-life (EoL) wishes is not easy for many, even though scholars recommend clarifying and communicating EoL wishes with family members well before one is near death. People are not always well educated or informed about their EoL care options and wishes, do not always know what an AD entails, how an AD works, or how to communicate effectively about advance care planning. The discussion of one’s EoL wishes is beneficial, not only for improving the overall care and well-being of a patient, but also for their family and caretakers. Method: A total of 189 married individuals between the ages of 40 and 80 with one or more child(ren) participated in a survey that examined the clarity of their EoL wishes, knowledge of their EoL issues, health status, and the two dimensions of their family communication environment. Conclusion: The current study indicates that an open family communication climate, knowledge of EoL issues, clarity of EoL wishes, and age are strong predictors for individuals’ engagement in EoL communication among their family.

The COVID‐19 pandemic has taken a toll on all individuals and their families around the world. Some suffer more adversely than others depending on their unique developmental needs, resources, and resilience. However, instead of breaking down, many families and therapists have hunkered down to cope with this 'wicked' situation as it continues to evolve. This article examines the unique challenges and opportunities of COVID‐19 for families at different life developmental stages, as well as the challenges and opportunities for systemic therapists as they venture into unfamiliar territory. Through a case example and by integrating recent literature related to this pandemic, we apply three key and interconnected systemic themes (unsafe uncertainty, family life cycle, and social diversity) to discuss the challenges and opportunities for families and therapists, respectively. We are optimistic that there are many possibilities as families and therapists draw on, and often reinvent, currently available resources to navigate their course in this pandemic. We also find that while the pandemic continues to present unsafe and uncertain situations, there are new ways of being and behaving, especially when families and professionals work together collaboratively. Despite formidable challenges, there are many opportunities, both within families and communities that cut through different social contexts related to family, culture, economics, and even politics. Families and therapists could endure better when they are more cognisant of how and what these contexts may impact and offer them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the American Board of Family Medicine, “The scope of family medicine encompasses all ages, both sexes, each organ system and every disease entity.” What makes the seemingly daunting task of practicing family medicine possible is that family physicians learn to utilize similar clinical reasoning for all of their patients regardless of age, and that they care for patients in the context of their families. In our work with residents, we utilize a multimedia presentation that incorporates poetry by Shel Silverstein, the song, He Was Walking Her Home, by Mark Schultz, and the Pixar/Disney movie, Up, to help teach these concepts and demonstrate how caring for multiple generations simultaneously enriches the care of each generation.

This work investigates the influence of the transgenerational phenomenon on the family life cycle of couples with small children. As of collection of data from genograms, it was possible to obtain a systemic reading on the family origin of each spouse, as well as the nuclear family constituted by them. During the couple’s therapy sessions, they worked on the concept of self-differentiation, allowing the couple to understand the origin of their marital problems, which emerged after the birth of their daughters. As a consequence, the couple may experience evolutionary changes in their marital relationship, confirming what the Bowenian Therapy says about understanding as to the vehicle of healing.

The present study seeks to review and integrate evidence from the empirical literature on family dynamics during the emerging adulthood years. Fifty studies were analyzed, resulting in the following research findings: (a) Emerging adulthood is a period of change in family relationships; (b) family systems anchor both individual and family development during emerging adulthood years; (c) reports of family dynamics by parents and children suggest intergenerational differences; (d) feeling "in between" is not only a characteristic of individuals but also a family experience; and (e) individual‐ and family‐level sociodemographic indicators shape family dynamics in emerging adulthood. The main challenges for future research entail considering the family as the unit of analysis by collecting data from multiple family members, conducting longitudinal studies to better understand changes in family relationships across emerging adulthood, and focusing on family relationships beyond the parent–child dyad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Ecology & Rural Environment is the property of Journal of Ecology & Rural Environment Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study explores differentiation of self (DoS) and its association with couple adjustment across the family life cycle, in a sample of Spanish individuals (n = 506). Individuals in stage VII (nearing the end of life) revealed significantly lower levels of DoS than those in other stages, except for V (moving on at midlife). Individuals in stages V and VII also revealed lower couple adjustment than individuals in stage II (couple formation). DoS was positively associated with couple adjustment across all stages, particularly V-VII. Longitudinal studies will confirm the trend for decrease in DoS and couple adjustment. Implications for therapy are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The number of women participating in the work force has increased significantly during the past few decades. Unfortunately, the labor force behaviors of mothers are still greatly influenced by their parenthood. Consequently, even though their participation has increased, their motherhood remains a critical factor, one that plays a crucial part in their working behaviors and can trigger the motherhood penalty effect. Most of the previous research that explored mother's patterns concerning work force participation was based on the theme of motherhood as a single state. This research aims to introduce family life cycle perception of occupational status via the mother's points of view. The period of midlife has been selected, a period which enables introspection into former occupational history and a solid base for future planning. 50 Midlife mothers have participated in a mixed method research that explored their perceptions about their parenthood. Preliminary qualitative findings concerning their working behaviors are being introduced. The instrument selected for this qualitative study was in-depth semistructured guide. The initial results support the idea that motherhood has a continuous crucial effect on mothers' work force decisions via their family life cycle. 44 out of 50 midlife mothers changed their working behaviors as a direct result of their parenthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. This article identifies and describes Mexican nuclear families through the typology of the life cycle comparing four Mexican federal states. Methodology. The sociodemographic data source worked to carry out this study was the Intercensal Survey of Mexico (2015). The typology focuses on the stages of the life cycle of households that have a conjugal nucleus and/or dependent members. This classification was made depending on the age of the children and, in the case that there were no children in the home, the classification was made through the age of the woman. Results and conclusions. In the federal entities analyzed, it was observed that most single-parent homes have female heads of households while biparental homes are directed by men. The family life cycle is very heterogeneous. However, households are mostly in a consolidation stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite multiple studies related to lifestyles and family life cycle, few academics have concentrated on leisure topics in emerging countries, such as Colombia. This qualitative study was conducted via 16 in-depth interviews and a total of 32 participants to explore lifestyles in terms of leisure among couples by their family life cycle, specifically couples starting a life together (couples without children) and those who are already in the stage of raising young children (full nest). Literature indicates that lifestyles and leisure are directly related to the economic situation; therefore, this study focuses on participants with greater economic income, which is represented by individuals from the upper-middle and upper strata (5 and 6) in the city of Medellín, Colombia (South America). Findings reveal similar lifestyles in terms of leisure in both types of couples. However, the availability of time, frequency, and type of products or services in which these couples invest their time and money present some differences, especially due to children. This study can be useful to marketing managers whose target market is related to homes in family formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]