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The compounds of the MB2X4 type (M-Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, B-Ga, In, Sb, Bi; X- S, Se, Te) exhibit the phenomenon of electron- or optically-controlled magnetism; therefore, they are very promising for creation of lasers, modulators of light, photodetectors and other magnetic fi eld controllable functional devices. Recent studies have shown that the range of functional characteristics of these compounds can be substantially improved and expanded due the changing the composition of these compounds and the obtaining solid solutions of various types of substitution. The abovementioned shows the relevance of researches aimed to obtain and study the properties of solid solutions based on the MB2X4 compounds. The development and optimization of processes for the preparation of new complex phases are based on the data on phase equilibria and thermodynamic characteristics of the corresponding system. The aim of the present study was determining the phase relations in the FeGa2Se4-FeIn2Se4 system. We used the differential thermal analysis (DTA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) in order to analyze the samples of the system. The temperatures of the thermal effects were determined using a NETZSCH 404 F1 Pegasus differential scanning calorimeter within room temperature and ~1300 K. The phase composition of the powdered samples was identifi ed by powder X-ray diffraction D2 Phaser diffractometer at room temperature. The defi nition and refi nement of the structure, as well as calculation of the unit cell parameters of intermediate alloys, were carried out by the Rietveld method using Topas-4.2 software. It is established that the studied system is quasi-binary, and characterized by the presence of the distectic and eutectic equilibria, as well as the formation of broad areas of solid solutions FeGa2Se4 (α-phase) and FeIn2Se4 (β-phase). β-phase with composition of FeGaInSe4 melts congruently at 1222 K and crystallizes in the trigoinal system: Sp.gr. R3m, а = 0.39290(1) nm, с = 3.8542(6) nm, V =515.28 (15) nm3. Using the powder diffraction data, the occupation of the crystallographic positions in FeGaInSe4 was determined by the Rietveld method. It was shown that the occupation of the crystallographic positions in FeGaInSe4 qualitatively differs from FeIn2Se4. Obtained experimental results can be used for choosing the composition of solution-melt for the growth of the high-quality crystals of intermediate phases which are of interest as magnetic semiconductors.

Background: Placental elasticity varies in different diseases. Our objective was to evaluate placental elasticity using point shear wave elastography (pSWE) in pregnancies with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Methods: A total of 66 pregnant women with IUGR and 81 healthy pregnant women were enrolled. Placental elasticity was measured using the transabdominal pSWE method. Ten measurements were made, and the mean was accepted as the mean placental elasticity value in each case. The results for IUGR pregnancies and controls were compared. Results: The mean pSWE values were significantly higher in pregnancies with IUGR, which means that women with IUGR have stiffer placentas (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the pSWE values were significantly and positively correlated with Doppler indices and adverse perinatal outcomes. Conclusion: The pregnancies with IUGR had stiffer placentas than the healthy controls. The utilization of pSWE for placental elasticity may be useful in the diagnosis and management of IUGR as a supplement to the existing ultrasonography methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are various factors related to postpartum depression. In this study we have aimed to determine the effect of mode of delivery on the risk of postpartum depression. A total of 318 women who applied for delivery were included in the study. Previously diagnosed fetal anomalies, preterm deliveries, stillbirths, and patients with need of intensive care unit were excluded from the study. Data about the patients were obtained during hospital stay. During the postpartum sixth week visit Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS) was applied. There was no significant difference between EPDS scores when compared according to age, education, gravidity, wanting the pregnancy, fear about birth, gender, family type, and income level (P > 0.05). Those who had experienced emesis during their pregnancy, had a history of depression, and were housewives had significantly higher EPDS scores (P < 0.05). Delivering by spontaneous vaginal birth, elective Cesarean section, or emergency Cesarean section had no effect on EPDS scores. In conclusion healthcare providers should be aware of postpartum depression risk in nonworking women with a history of emesis and depression and apply the EPDS to them for early detection of postpartum depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The goal of this study was to search the effects of two different doses of tibolone on endometrial IGF-1 and IGFBP-1 levels in ovariectomized rats. Methods: Eighteen adult, female, 80–90-days-old, Wistar rats with an average weight of 250 g underwent bilateral ovariectomy under general anesthesia. After waiting for 4 weeks, they were randomized into three groups to receive either oral tibolone in two different doses or placebo. The treatment was continued for 5 weeks, and then the rats were sacrificed and the endometria were analyzed. Results: Low columnar epithelium of the endometrial surface, longer epithelium and stratified squamous epithelium were seen in the control, low-dose and high-dose groups, respectively. The staining intensity of IGF-1 was mild in control, and moderate in both treatment groups, the difference between control the treatment groups was significant (P=0.015 for group L, and P=0.03 for group H). The staining intensity of IGFBP-1 was moderate in control, and strong in groups L and H. Again the difference was significant between control and both treatment groups (P=0.039 for grup L, and P=0.03 for group H). No significant difference was noted between each treatment group for both IGF-1 and IGFBP-1. Conclusion: Tibolone caused histological changes in endometrium and stimulated IGF-1 and IGFBP-1 staining. Both low and high dose treatments led to moderate and strong staining intensities for IGF-1 and IGFBP-1, respectively. The strong staining intensity of IGFBP-1 is likely due to the progestagenic effect of tibolone. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]