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Background: Self-care of adolescents with congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the challenges of the health care system. CHD is a common chronic disease that affects the quality of life (QoL) and self-efficacy of adolescents. This study compares the effectiveness of self-care education by face-to-face method and video clip (VC) on self-efficacy and QoL in late adolescents with CHD. Methods: This research was a non-randomized clinical trial. A total of 111 late adolescents aged 18 to 21 years with CHD referred to Rajaie Cardiovascular, Medical, and Research Center in Tehran, Iran, were recruited by convenience sampling and non-randomly assigned to either control, face-to-face (F2F), or VC groups (37 subjects in each group). The F2F group participated in two educational sessions (each lasted 35-45 minutes) with an interval of one week, and the VC group received a 90-minute video to watch at home. The study data were collected before (T1) and two months after the intervention (T2), using the Generalized Self-Efficacy (GSE) scale and World Health Organization’s Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) and analyzed in SPSS version 19 software using the Chi-square test, Fisher test, paired t test, Scheffé test, and ANOVA. The significance level was set at P0.05). Conclusion: Self-care education through F2F and VC significantly affects the self-efficacy and QoL of late adolescents. Such educational programs can greatly reduce the possible complications of the disease by empowering this group.

Background & Aim: Caring for children with congenital heart disease is very challenging for their parents, and the mothers of these children have a low quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of discharge planning on quality of life among mothers of children with congenital heart disease undergoing surgery. Methods & Materials: In this quasi-experimental study, 72 mothers of children with congenital heart disease referred to Shahid Rajaie Cardiovascular center in Tehran in 2019 were included in the study using the continuous sampling method and non-randomly allocated to experimental or control groups (36 in each group). Data collection tool included demographic questions and the SF-36 questionnaire, which was completed before and two months after the intervention. The intervention was performed in six thirty-minute training sessions at the time of admission, during hospitalization and discharge. The training follow-up continued for two months after discharge. Data was analyzed by the SPSS software version 20 using Chi-Square test, independent t-test and Fisher's exact test. Results: The mean score of quality of life before the intervention was 58.93±19.35 in the experimental group and 64.93±16.78 in the control group, and there was no significant difference between groups (P=0.165). Two months after the intervention, the mean score of quality of life was 73.44±17.81 in the experimental group and 73.67±16.49 in the control group, and there was no statistically significant difference between groups (P=0.956). Conclusion: The discharge planning did not improve the mothers’ quality of life. It is suggested that in addition to educating about proper care of the child, psychological support be provided for mothers while implementing discharge planning. Clinical trial registry: IRCT20180501039489N3

Background & Aim: The goal of asthma treatment and management is its control. Yoga is one of the complementary treatments which is used to control asthma. This study aimed to determine the effect of yoga breathing exercises on asthma control in 5-11 year-old children with asthma. Methods & Materials: In this quasi-experimental study, 84 children with asthma, aged 5-11 years, referred to Asthma and Allergy Clinic of Aliasghar hospital, were included in the study in 2018. The participants were selected through continuous sampling and non-randomly allocated to an experiment- or a control group (42 in each group). The Childhood Asthma Control Test (C_ACT) was used to collect the data, before and after the intervention. The intervention included yoga breathing exercises. The researcher trained the children and their parents at the clinic and these exercises were performed by the children for two months, with parental supervision at home. Data were analyzed by the SPSS software version 21 using independent t-test, paired t-test, chi-square and Fishers exact test. Results: The mean of age was 8.42(1.96) for the experiment group and 8.11(1.8) for the control group. In the experiment group, 76.2% were male, and 23.8% were female. In the control group, 73.8% were male and 26.2% were female. Before the intervention, the mean of asthma control score was 17.81±4.42 for the experiment group and 18.38±4.24 for the control group but this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.54). After the intervention, the mean of asthma control score for the experiment group and control group was 21.69±1.6 and 19.83±2.4, respectively. This difference was statistically significant (P˂0.001). Conclusion: Yoga breathing exercises improved asthma in children. According to the results, yoga breathing exercises are suggested as scientific, simple and refreshing techniques in children with asthma. Clinical trial registry: IRCT20180501039489N1

Background & Objective: It is necessary for a correct evaluation to use valid instruments prepared exactly according to the study population and special field This study aimed to determine valid and reliable criteria for clinical evaluation of nursing teacher in Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Iran Methods: In this exploratorydescriptive study reviewing different sites and literature primary clinical evaluation form with 60 items based on the Likert scale was designed Face validity of the instrument was determined based on students teachers and nursing and educating professors opinions and content validity was determined based on Waltz and Bausell index Construct validity was determined by factor analysis Also reliability of instrument was determined by Cronbachs alpha coefficient splithalf coefficient and testretest Results: Factor analysis to determine construct validity created two factors: educational behaviors factor with 21 phrases factor coefficient of 06330788 and eigenvalues of 20059 and supportive behaviors factor with 6 phrases factor coefficient of 06290799 and eigenvalues of 1915 Cronbachs alpha coefficient of clinical evaluation instrument was 095 totally 096 for factor 1 and 085 for factor 2 Splithalf coefficient was 081 and total Pearson correlation coefficient was 077 (P > 0001) Pearson correlation coefficient of answers to final question what do you evaluate your teacher finally? was 081 for factor 1 (P > 0001) and 072 for factor 2 (P > 0001) Conclusion: Our instrument for clinical evaluation of nursing teachers (student form) was designed with two factors: educational behaviors factor with 21 phrases and suportive behaviors factor with 6 phrases and had a high degree of validity and reliability We suggest this instrument can be used for clinical evaluation of nursing teachers in Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences

Introduction: Acquiring clinical skills is an important issue in nursing education. This study aimed to determine senior nursing students’ opinion toward their achievement level of clinical skills in Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in 2008-2009 academic years.Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, sixty students who were selected by census from those who were passing the last semester of the Nursing BSc program. Data collecting tool was a questionnaire on ordinal scale. It included 190 items on clinical skills regarding medical-surgical nursing in areas of caring patients with common medical–surgical diseases, nursing (care) procedures, performing and interpreting diagnostic tests, care before, during, and after diagnostic procedures, recording, medication administration, working with therapeutics equipments, and students' demographic information. Data was analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive statistical analysis.Results: Most students believed that clinical skills of medical surgical nursing were 18.3%, 63.3%, 18.3% respectively as excellent, good, and average. Total mean score of clinical skills was 365.51±79.08 out of 570 and was reported as good. The best clinical competence reported to be in medication administration and nursing procedures, and the lowest competence reported to be in care before, during and after diagnostic procedures.Conclusion: Most students reported their own clinical skills of medical surgical nursing as excellent and good. Since in some areas clinical skills reported as moderate to poor, or in some cases as not performed, it seems that an accurate evaluation of students’ clinical performance prior to graduation is highly needed. Clinical training programs also should be revised along with putting emphasis on its strength points.

Introduction: High concentration of blood lead is accompanied by adverse health effects on growth of foetus and the newborn., Aim: The aim of this study was to determine umbilical cord blood lead level and its relationship with birth weight, length and head circumference of the newborns in Abadan, Iran., Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 3 ml blood was collected from the umbilical cord vein in 147 newborns, immediately after the birth. Blood lead was measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Data collection instruments included demographic questionnaire (age of mother, gestational age, newborn gender, job and education of mother) and also data registration form (umbilical cord blood lead concentration, weight, length, and head circumference of newborn). Data was analyzed with SPSS software version 16.0., Results: The mean of umbilical cord blood lead was determined 0.65±0.32 µg/dl (0.3-1.35 µg/dl). The decrease of birth weight with increased blood lead level was small and was not statistically significant. There was reverse significant correlation between umbilical cord blood lead level and birth length and head circumference. There was no significant correlation between blood lead and other variables such as age, weight, education and job of mother and gestational age., Conclusion: Umbilical blood lead level was determined <5 µg/ dl. Excess of umbilical cord blood lead caused decreasing birth weight, length and head circumference of the newborns.