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Introduction: lumbar foraminal stenosis refers to the constriction of the lateral canal through which the nerve root exits the spinal canal in the lumbar spine. It occurs in 8-11% of patients aged over 40 years. Failure to detect and alleviate foraminal constriction can contribute to up to 60% of instances of unsuccessful lumbar surgery. This study aimed to develop an index to assess the extent of foraminal narrowing, thereby aiding decisions regarding direct or indirect foraminal decompression. Material and methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 49 patients, wherein measurements of all five lumbar foramina were taken using X-rays and simple magnetic resonance imaging. These measurements primarily focused on the foraminal width and the lower endplate, which were then correlated to establish a foraminal width/lower endplate index. Results: the foraminal width/lower endplate index < 10% yielded an odds ratio (OR) of 3.07 on lateral radiography, 3.59 on flexion radiography, and 4.01 on extension radiography. In MRI, an OR of 0.195 was found for the left foramina, while an OR of 3.07 was observed for the right foramina. Conclusion: this study paves the way for further exploration of preoperative and postoperative clinical outcomes across various surgical decompression methods guided by the FW/LE index. To enhance decision making, it is recommended to conduct research comparing pre- and postoperative clinical findings in individual patients, considering their FW/LE index measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista de Investigación e Innovación en Ciencias de la Salud (RIICS) is the property of Fundacion Universitaria Maria Cano and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The factors and patterns associated with antibiotic consumption in infants are unclear. Our aim was to assess the cumulative incidence of antibiotic consumption from birth to 16 months and identify factors associated with antibiotic consumption among infants aged 4–16 months. Material and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in 2016 in a sample of 18 882 women from Galicia, Spain, who had given birth to a live child between September 1, 2015 and August 31, 2016. We calculated the cumulative incidence of antibiotic consumption based on maternal reports regarding the infant’s consumption from birth to 14 months obtained through interviews; we did not estimate consumption at ages 15 and 16 months due to the small sample size. To assess which factors were associated with antibiotic consumption, we carried out a nested case-control study matching cases and controls for birth month on a 1:1 ratio. Results: The cumulative incidence of antibiotic consumption among infants aged 0–14 months increased from 7.5% to 66.0%. The case-control study included data for 1852 cases and 1852 controls. Daycare attendance (OR: 3.8 [95% CI: 3.2–4.6]), having older siblings (OR: 1.8 [95% CI: 1.6–2.1]), health care visits to private clinics (OR: 1.6 [95% CI: 1.4–2.0]), and passive smoking (OR: 1.3 [95% CI: 1.1–1.6]) were associated with an increased probability of antibiotic consumption. Maternal age between 30–39 years or 40 years and over at the time of birth was associated with a decreased probability of antibiotic consumption (OR: 0.8 [95% CI, 0.7–1.0] and OR: 0.6 [95% CI: 0.5–0.8], respectively). Conclusions: Some of the factors associated with antibiotic consumption in infants are modifiable and should be considered in the development of public health measures aimed at reducing antibiotic consumption. Resumen: Introducción: Los factores y patrones asociados al consumo de antibióticos en los lactantes no están claros. Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar la incidencia acumulada de consumo de antibióticos desde el nacimiento hasta los 16 meses e identificar los factores asociados al consumo de antibióticos entre lactantes de 4 a 16 meses. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal en 2016 que incluyó una muestra de la población de 18.882 mujeres españolas de Galicia que habían dado a luz a un niño vivo entre el 1 de septiembre de 2015 y el 31 de agosto de 2016. Se calculó la incidencia acumulada de consumo de antibióticos a partir de los resultados de la entrevista a la madre sobre el consumo del lactante desde el nacimiento hasta los 14 meses; no se estimó a los 15 y 16 meses debido al reducido tamaño muestral. Para valorar las características asociadas al consumo de antibióticos se anidó en el estudio transversal un estudio de casos y controles emparejando por mes de nacimiento, un control por caso. Resultados: La incidencia acumulada de consumo de antibióticos entre los lactantes de 0 a 14 meses de edad aumentó del 7,5% al 66,0%. Para el estudio de casos y controles, se obtuvo información de 1.852 casos y de 1.852 controles. La asistencia a la guardería (OR: 3,8 [IC 95%: 3,2–4,6]), tener hermanos/as mayores (OR: 1,8 [IC 95%: 1,6–2,1]), las consultas sanitarias en la clínica privada (OR: 1,6 [IC 95%:1,4–2,0]) o haber estado expuesto al humo ambiental de tabaco (OR: 1,3 [IC 95%: 1,1–1,6]) se asociaron con un mayor riesgo de consumo de antibióticos. Tener madres de entre 30 y 39 años o de 40 años y más en el momento del parto se asoció con un menor riesgo de consumo de antibióticos (OR: 0,8 [IC 95%: 0,7–1,0] y OR: 0,6 [IC 95%: 0,5–0,8], respectivamente). Conclusiones: Algunos de los factores asociados al consumo de antibióticos en los lactantes pueden ser modificables y deben ser considerados en el desarrollo de medidas de salud pública dirigidas a reducir el consumo de antibióticos.

Copyright of Gaceta Médica de Caracas is the property of Academia Nacional de Medicina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo: analizar la percepción de las madres hermosillenses sobre las prácticas de riesgo sanitario en la alimentación de sus hijos, preescolares y escolares. Metodología: estudio transversal realizado entre 2021 y 2022 en el municipio de Hermosillo, Sonora, México, el cual incluyó entrevistas semiestructuradas. El análisis de los datos se realizó de manera cualitativa, utilizando el análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: las madres perciben que los preescolares tienen mayor vulnerabilidad que los escolares a padecer una infección intestinal. Sin embargo, estos son más enfermizos. Limitaciones: la recolección de los datos se llevó a cabo durante la pandemia de COVID-19, por lo que la interacción con las voluntarias fue virtual. Valor: el estudio aborda los cuidados sobre la salud y la alimentación de los hijos desde una perspectiva materna. Conclusiones: la vigilancia que realizan las madres se acentúa más en los hijos de edad preescolar, con variantes que se relacionan con factores socioculturales, como las creencias, las costumbres familiares, el conocimiento y las experiencias previas.

Introduction: Shellac is a known allergen present mainly in cosmetics used on the eyelids and lips, although new sources of exposure have recently been described. Our objective was to assess the use of shellac as a contact allergen in Spain and the clinical profile of patients allergic to shellac. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included patients patch tested for shellac between 2018 and 2021 from the Spanish Registry of Contact Dermatitis and Cutaneous Allergy (REIDAC). Results: A total of 980 patients were patch tested for shellac (20% in ethanol), and 37 (3.77%, 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.58–3.97%) showed positive results. Most of these patients were tested for shellac due to a suspicion of cosmetic contact dermatitis. Seven patients with present relevance were found, five with relation to cosmetics, and the other two with an occupational background of food handling. The reaction index for shellac was 0.51 and the positivity ratio was 67.56% (95% CI, 52.48–82.65%). Conclusions: Shellac appears to be a prevalent allergen in patients with suspected contact dermatitis related with cosmetics or foodstuff. However, further studies are needed to validate its use in other patients. Resumen: Introducción: El shellac es un alérgeno conocido por su presencia en cosméticos para labios y párpados, aunque en los últimos años se han descrito nuevas fuentes de exposición. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo fue evaluar cómo se está usando el shellac, como alérgeno de contacto en España, y las características clínicas de los pacientes alérgicos al shellac. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo transversal con los pacientes incluidos en el Registro Español de Dermatitis de Contacto y Alergia Cutánea en los que se realizaron pruebas epicutáneas con shellac desde 2018 a 2021. Resultados: El shellac (20% en etanol) fue usado en 980 pacientes, con resultados positivos en 37 de ellos (3,77%; intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%: 2,58-3,97%). La mayoría de estos pacientes realizaron las pruebas epicutáneas por una sospecha de dermatitis de contacto por cosméticos. Se encontraron 7 pacientes con una relevancia presente, 5 de ellos en relación con el uso de cosméticos, y los otros 2 fueron dermatitis de contacto ocupacionales en el contexto de la manipulación de alimentos. El índice de reacción para el shellac fue del 0,51% y la ratio de positividad del 67,56% (IC 95%: 52,48-82,65%). Conclusiones: El shellac parece un alérgeno frecuente en los pacientes con sospecha de dermatitis de contacto por cosméticos o alimentos. Sin embargo, se necesitan más estudios para validar su uso en otros pacientes.

Objetivo: Los trabajadores de la salud se enfrentaron a niveles sin precedentes de carga emocional relacionada con la pandemia de la COVID-19. Este estudio pretende conocer la autopercepción del estado de sobrecarga emocional de los profesionales del Servicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea (SNS-O) en dos momentos durante la pandemia y sus factores asociados. Método: Estudio transversal mediante el uso de un cuestionario que incluye la Escala de Autoevaluación de Sobrecarga Emocional, enviado por correo electrónico a todos los profesionales sanitarios del SNS-O en dos momentos de la pandemia, en octubre de 2020 y octubre de 2021. Los resultados de la escala global y de las subescalas ‘“miedos-ansiedad”’ y ‘“respuesta afectiva”’ se compararon entre los dos momentos de medición según puesto de trabajo, ámbito, área y servicio, mediante modelos ANCOVA?. Resultados: Participaron en la encuesta de 2020 1.485 (11,3%) sanitarios y 950 (7,3%) en la encuesta de 2021 de. La diferencia media para el score global entre 2020 y 2021 fue -1.87 (95% IC: -2.38, -1.35), indicando una reducción de la sobrecarga emocional con la evolución de la pandemia, con algunas diferencias entre categorías profesionales. Conclusiones: El año 2020 tuvo gran impacto en la sobrecarga emocional que disminuyó al año siguiente. Uno de los mayores temores del personal sanitario durante su exposición laboral a enfermedades infecciosas epidémicas sigue siendo el miedo a contraer la enfermedad y transmitirla a sus familiares y entorno social. Conforme aumenta la proximidad con el paciente y su entorno, incrementa la probabilidad de afectación psicoemocional.

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Coronary Ectasia (CE) is a pathological remodeling with a low worldwide prevalence. It is defined as a diffuse dilatation greater than 1.5 times the diameter of the adjacent segments of the same or different coronary arteries. Objective: To document the clinical and angiographic characteristics, and medical treatment at the discharge of patients diagnosed with coronary ectasia who attended the National Institute of Cardiology (INC). Methods: Cross-sectional study with a non-experimental descriptive design, with a non-probabilistic convenience sampling. Results: Of 69 patients who attended the INC with a diagnosis of CD, most were men, with a mean age of 56 + 11 years, the most common coronary risk factor in patients with CE was smoking 58% (40); it was associated mostly with an acute myocardial infarction ST-segment elevation (STEMI) 65.2% (45), of frequent location in the lower face 40% (18), correlated with the most affected artery is the Right Coronary Artery (CD) 69.6% (48), followed by the circumflex (Cx) 56.5% (39). A mean LVEF of 47 + 9.72 was evident within the ventricular function. As well as the preferential use of dual antiplatelet therapy with anticoagulant (DAP + OAC) in 58% (40) at the discharge of each patient from the INC. Conclusion: CE is a not uncommon pathological remodeling in INC. This study showed that STEMI is the most typical manifestation of CE, diagnostic coronary angiography identified a type 3 Markis, so a low rate of mortality and recurrence of cardiovascular events would be expected, and despite the lack of consensus on the ideal therapy, at the INC individualized treatment is preferred, recommending lifestyle changes, and using triple therapy (DAP + OAC) as a medical treatment only at the time of patient discharge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology is the property of Editorial of the University of Almeria (Spain) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been associated in a bidirectional way. The objective of this study was to determine the association between clinical parameters of periodontitis and RA. Seventy-five (75) participants distributed in 3 groups (21 patients with periodontitis without RA, 33 patients with periodontitis with RA and 21 patients with reduced periodontium with RA) were included in this cross-sectional study. A full periodontal and medical examination was performed in each patient. Additionally, subgingival plaque samples for the detection of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and blood samples for biochemical markers of RA were also taken. Logistic regression analysis adjusted for confounding variables, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and a linear multivariate regression were used to analyze the data. Patients with RA presented less severity of periodontal parameters. The highest levels of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies were detected in non-periodontitis patients with RA. Covariates such as age, P. gingivalis , diabetes, smoking, osteoporosis and use of medication were not associated with RA. All periodontal variables and P. gingivalis expressed a negative correlation with biochemical markers of RA (P < 0.05). Periodontitis was not associated with RA. Furthermore, there was no correlation between periodontal clinical parameters and biochemical markers of RA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivo: determinar los niveles de empatía en profesionales de enfermería de un hospital de alta complejidad, relacionar la edad con la empatía (y cada una de sus dimensiones), y establecer si existen diferencias entre estos niveles según el tipo de jornada laboral. Método: diseño comparativo, correlacional y transversal. La muestra utilizada (n=271) constituyó el 40,9% del total de profesionales de enfermería. Se estudiaron las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Empatía de Jefferson para Profesionales de la Salud. Se calcularon estadísticos descriptivos: media y desviación estándar. La asociación entre empatía y edad se estimó mediante ecuaciones de regresión y significancia estadística de los coeficientes de regresión, luego de evaluar el tipo de curva mediante análisis de varianza. Resultados: se identificó el modelo subyacente de las tres dimensiones de la empatía. Los valores de los estadísticos descriptivos observados fueron relativamente bajos en empatía y sus dimensiones. Los niveles de empatía no se asociaron con el rango de edad. No se encontraron diferencias en la empatía entre los tipos de horarios de trabajo. Se encontró variabilidad en las dimensiones: “cuidado compasivo” y “ponerse en los zapatos del paciente”. Conclusión: estos resultados muestran que los niveles de empatía observados pueden implicar un desempeño deficiente en el cuidado empático de los pacientes.

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la seroprevalencia de anticuerpos contra SARS-CoV-2. Para ello, entre el 21 de noviembre y el 12 de diciembre del año 2020, se desarrolló un estudio transversal en 1182 muestras de residentes de un municipio bonaerense en la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Se midió IgG por ELISA en muestras obtenidas vía digitopunción. La prevalencia general fue del 12,2 % (n = 144; IC95 %: 10,3 – 14,0) con un cociente 1:3,8 entre la incidencia acumulada y la observación en nuestro estudio; en mujeres fue del 13,0 % (IC95 %: 10,2 – 15,7) y en hombres, del 10,5 % (IC95 %: 7,6 – 13,3) (p = 0.21). Las prevalencias en grupos etarios fueron las siguientes: 18 a 30 años, del 17,8 % (IC95 %: 12,0 – 23,6); 31 a 60 años, del 12,2 % (IC95 %: 9,3 – 15,1) y 61 años o más, del 9.9 % (IC95 %: 6.9 - 13.9) (p = 0.02). Las prevalencias según los terciles socioeconómicos (por Necesidades Básicas Insatisfechas) fueron para el Tercil I (mejor tercil): 7,7 % (IC95 %: 4,7 – 10,7); el Tercil II: 12.5 % (IC95 %: 8,7 – 16,4); y el Tercil III: 15,2 % (IC95 %: 11,6 – 18,8) (p = 0.002). También hubo diferencias entre las localidades de dicho municipio y entre variables clínicas autorrefenciadas. Se detectaron 12 muestras positivas para IgM: el 1 % del total y el 8,3 % respecto de los casos IgG-positivos. Los estudios de seroprevalencia resultan útiles y podrían contribuir a modelizaciones matemáticas más ajustadas.

RESUMEN Introducción: El tratamiento de las infecciones del tracto urinario es casi siempre empírico, lo que genera una serie de problemas en la consulta diaria. Objetivo: Caracterizar clínica y microbiológicamente las infecciones de vías urinarias bajas no complicadas en pacientes de una clínica de primer nivel. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal descriptivo. La identificación de las bacterias del cultivo de orina se efectuó por métodos establecidos. La prueba de susceptibilidad a los antimicrobianos se realizó por la técnica Kirby-Bauer. Se utilizó el programa estadístico SPSS versión 26, con la prueba de ji al cuadrado y un análisis multivariado discriminante. Se calculó también razón de momios con el programa Epi-Info. Resultados: Se incluyeron 270 pacientes, con frecuencia de 39,3 % de cultivos positivos, y Escherichia coli como la especie predominante. Se identificaron, además, 31,3 % de bacterias Gram positivas. Se presentó significancia estadística entre la infección urinaria y factores como el sexo, y la infección del tracto urinario previa en las mujeres. Se obtuvo 100 % de cepas resistentes a ampicilina. En general, se obtuvieron porcentajes de resistencia altos en los antimicrobianos probados. Conclusiones: Escherichia coli fue la especie más frecuentemente aislada, sin embargo, existe una serie de microorganismos implicados en enfermedades del tracto genital como Gardnerella vaginalis, que parecen estar involucrados en la etiología de las infecciones del tracto urinario. Se identificaron factores de riesgo como el sexo biológico y las infecciones previas en mujeres. Se obtuvieron porcentajes de resistencia altos en los antimicrobianos probados.

Copyright of Revista ION is the property of Universidad Industrial de Santander and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The right to die is an international dilemma. Some countries and states already have laws regulating one of the most common applications of this right, the active voluntary euthanasia. The evidence from these countries highlights the importance of a bioethical framework to limit some of its applications. In this regard, the evaluation of attitudes towards euthanasia in medical personnel will allow to understand the attitudes of these professionals and how they can deal with such requests, whether this assisted death is decided by the patients or their surroundings. Consequently, the aim of this study was to develop a brief scale to evaluate attitudes, as well as to determine their significance according to the gender and seniority of the professionals in this situation. A double design strategy was followed. On the one hand, a psychometric design with an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and, on the other, a descriptive analytical design for the comparison of groups. A six-item scale (AE-PM) and two factors were extracted. The first focuses on attitudes towards euthanasia to alleviate suffering for medical reasons and the second one to alleviate the patient’s emotional suffering. The scale (AHE-PM) is useful for the rapid exploration of attitudes towards euthanasia in physicians, a professional group with limited free time, who may also encounter relatively frequent requests for active voluntary euthanasia. The two factors obtained allow attitudes to be assessed from a bioethical perspective, providing information on the application under apparent medical justification and in situations based on the patient’s subjective emotional suffering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Investigación e Innovación en Ciencias de la Salud (RIICS) is the property of Fundacion Universitaria Maria Cano and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological well-being of adolescents in Catalan schools by gender identity, and to compare coping strategies adopted to manage the health crisis and their relationship with the self-perceived impact of COVID-19 on mental health. Method: Cross-sectional study in educational centres that includes 1171 adolescents over 15 years old from October to November 2021. Multivariate logistic regression models were built to evaluate the association between coping strategies with self-perceived impact of the pandemic on mental health. Results: A greater proportion of girls perceived a worsening in mental health than boys due to COVID-19 (36.9% and 17.8%, respectively). The main emotions reported for both girls and boys were worry and boredom. The study found an association between positive coping strategies with less adverse mental health among girls, whereas unhealthy habits were associated with a higher probability of declaring worsening of mental health for both girls and boys. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological well-being in adolescents and a clearly worse impact on girls. It is important to keep monitoring the medium- and long-term secondary impacts of the pandemic on mental health outcomes of adolescents and to gather information that can improve services for the development of healthy coping strategies during health crises like COVID-19, which include gender perspective. Resumen: Objetivo: Describir el impacto de la COVID-19 en el bienestar emocional de adolescentes en Cataluña y comparar las estrategias de afrontamiento adoptadas durante la pandemia y su relación con el impacto autopercibido de la COVID-19 en la salud mental según identidad de género. Método: Estudio transversal en centros educativos de Cataluña incluyendo 1171 alumnos/as mayores de 15 años, de octubre a diciembre de 2021. Mediante modelos de regresión logística multivariante se evaluó la asociación entre las estrategias de afrontamiento y el impacto autopercibido de la pandemia en la salud mental. Resultados: Una mayor proporción de chicas que de chicos percibía un empeoramiento en su salud mental por la COVID-19 (36,9% y 17,8%, respectivamente). Las principales emociones reportadas tanto en chicas como en chicos fueron preocupación y aburrimiento. Se observó una asociación entre estrategias de afrontamiento positivas y una menor probabilidad de declarar un empeoramiento en la salud mental a raíz de la pandemia en las chicas, mientras que otras estrategias relacionadas con hábitos poco saludables se asociaron a una mayor probabilidad de declarar un empeoramiento de la salud mental en chicas y chicos. Conclusiones: Este estudio demuestra el impacto negativo de la pandemia de COVID-19 en el bienestar psicológico de los/las adolescentes, especialmente en las chicas. Es importante seguir monitorizando el impacto de la COVID-19 a medio y largo plazo en la salud mental de los/las adolescentes y disponer de información que pueda mejorar los servicios para el desarrollo de estrategias de afrontamiento saludables durante crisis de salud como la COVID-19 considerando una perspectiva de género.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the geographic variation in the prevalence of asthma in children, according to their place of residence in Mexico. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of the epidemiological surveillance system dataset for respiratory diseases in Mexico carried on. From 27 February to 5 November 2020, a total of 1,048,576 subjects were screened for SARS-CoV2 infection, of which 35,899 were children under 18 years of age. The strength of the association was estimated by odds ratio (OR). Results: Of 1,048,576 patients who attended for SARS-CoV2 infection detection, 35,899 corresponded to pediatric patients who met the study criteria. The estimated national prevalence of asthma was 3.9% (95% CI: 3.7-4.1%). The nationwide prevalence of asthma was 3.9% (95% CI: 3.7% - 4.1%); the minimum was 2.8% (Southeast region) and the maximum 6.8% (Southeast region). Compared to the South-West Region that presented the minimum prevalence at the national level, the Northwest (OR = 2.41) and Southeast (OR = 1.33) regions showed the highest risk of asthma in pediatric population. Conclusion: The prevalence of asthma in children differed markedly among the different regions of Mexico; two regions, Northwest and Southeast, stood out. This study puts into context the role of the environment on the prevalence of asthma in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This cross-sectional study investigates mathematical and mathematics educational values of students across grade levels in Turkey. The sample of the study consisted of 970 students, including 511 fifth-grade and 459 ninth-grade students who received education in seven geographical regions of Turkey which were determined via a proportional stratified random sampling method. The data of the study were obtained with a bipolar scale developed within the scope of the What I Find Important [WIFI] (in maths learning) project. The results revealed a statistically significant difference in the value pairs of process–product, pleasure–hardship, application–computation, facts–ideas, exposition–exploration, recalling–creating, rationalism–objectism, whereas results revealed no statistically significant difference in terms of value pairs of ability–effort, openness–mystery and control–progress. Additionally, it was determined that at the end of middle school, the pleasure–hardship value pair evolved into hardship value, the application–computation value pair evolved into computation value and finally the exposition–exploration value pair evolved into exposition value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Aula Abierta. Revista de Investigación, Formación e Innovación en Educación (RIFIE) is the property of Universidad de Oviedo, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: While increased neurofilament light chain (NfL) in serum concentrations are linked to the progression of several neurological conditions, their distribution and implications within the general adult population remain largely unexplored. The current research aims to clarify the relationship between serum NfL levels and neurological disorders in a broad and representative population sample., Methods: We utilized information gathered from 1751 adults involved in the 2013-2014 cycle of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey . Our analytical approach encompassed logistic regression, smoothed curve fitting, and subgroup analyses to identify potential correlations between serum NfL levels and neurological conditions, such as depression, severe hearing and visual impairments, stroke, subjective memory deficits, and sleep problems., Results: After adjusting for all confounders, we found that higher serum NfL levels were significantly associated with increased risks of depression, stroke, subjective memory deficits, and longer sleep duration (p < 0.05). Subgroup analyses supported these findings. Additionally, BMI significantly influenced the relationship between serum NfL levels and long-term subjective memory decline., Conclusion: Our research shows that higher serum NfL levels are strongly related to an elevated risk for several neurological disorders. These findings highlight the role of serum NfL serving as a critical marker for early detection and monitoring of neurological conditions, emphasizing its importance in both clinical and public health settings., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier España, S.L.U. and Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI). All rights reserved.)

Diversos estudios epidemiológicos y de intervención apuntan a una asociación fuerte y consistente entre la ingesta excesiva de azúcares y el riesgo de desarrollar caries dentales y enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. El objetivo fue describir los 10 principales alimentos que contribuyen a la ingesta de azúcares añadidos en muestras representativas de poblaciones urbanas de ocho países latinoamericanos, y considerar diferencias por país, sexo, nivel socioeconómico (NSE) y grupo de edad. Se realizó una encuesta transversal multinacional en hogares de Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Perú y Venezuela (N=9218; 15–65 años). La contribución porcentual a la ingesta total del nutriente sirvió para identificar los alimentos aportadores. Los datos se estratificaron por país, sexo, NSE y grupo de edad y se compararon los gramos por día. Excepto en Perú y en el grupo de 50 a 65 años, los refrescos figuraron como el principal contribuyente a la ingesta de azúcares añadidos. Las bebidas caseras y las industrializadas también destacaron. Argentina fue el país con mayor ingesta de azúcares añadidos aportados por bebidas industrializadas, y Chile el país con menor frecuencia de bebidas como fuentes. Entre los 10 contribuyentes, la ingesta de azúcares añadidos fue mayor en el sexo masculino, excepto para sacarosa y pasteles dulces. Mayores ingestas de azúcares provenientes del jugo de fruta natural y sacarosa fueron observadas en el NSE más bajo. Las mayores y menores ingestas en los grupos de edad cambian de acuerdo con la fuente alimentaria. En conclusión, las bebidas azucaradas fueron los principales contribuyentes a la ingesta de azúcares añadidos, y la ingesta varió según la ubicación geográfica y los factores sociodemográficos.

Introducción: el mercado de suplementos registra grandes ventas, pero los datos de prevalencia y razones de uso en España son escasos. Los objetivos del estudio fueron evaluar la prevalencia de uso de suplementos, así como identificar por qué, para qué, modo de uso, quién los prescribe y dónde se adquieren. Metodología: estudio transversal mediante cuestionario ad-hoc autoadministrado online a 2.630 participantes (50% mujeres) de características sociodemográficas asimiladas a la población española. Encuesta de 24 ítems para evaluar prácticas y actitudes de la población sobre los suplementos, 9 ítems sociodemográficos y 6 ítems sobre hábitos de vida. Se realizó análisis descriptivo, frecuencia de uso de suplementos, razones de uso y prescripción en función de las variables sociodemográficas. Se utilizó el IBM SPSS Statistics 25 para el análisis estadístico, situando el valor p de significación estadística en

Copyright of Revista Española de Cardiología (18855857) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Española de Quimioterapia is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Primary headaches affect significant proportion of general population worldwide. Our aim was to describe primary headaches epidemiology among middle-aged adults in a large Brazilian cohort, Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed between primary headaches and sociodemographic using baseline data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Results: From 15,093 participants (mean age 52 y-old), 6082 (40.3%) had TTH (33% definite and 7.3% probable), 4411 (29.2%) had migraine (8.4% definite and 20.8% probable migraine), 140 (0.9%) had other headaches and 4460 (29.6%) reported no headache in the last 12 months. The highest odds ratios (OR) were for the associations between definite migraine with the respective variables: Age ≤ 65 y-old (OR, 3.21; 95%confidence interval (95%CI), 2.20–4.69), female gender (OR, 12.87; (95%CI), 10.72–15.45) and active working status (OR, 3.01; (95%CI), 2.46–3.69). For migraine and TTH having a higher level of education (high school and/or college compared to elementary) was associated with increased OR, mostly definite TTH (OR for high school, 1.47; 95%CI, 1.26–1.71) and OR for college, 1.21; 95%CI: 1.06–1.39) and definite migraine (OR for college, 1.31; 95%CI, 1.04–1.66). While definite TTH was positively associated with higher income (OR for US$1245–3320: 1.14; 95%CI, 1.02–1.27 and OR for more than US$ 3320: 1.16; 95%CI, 1.00–1.34), definite migraine was inversely associated with income (OR for more than US$ 3320: 0.73; 95%CI, 0.58–0.91). Conclusions: Our results suggest that primary headaches, particularly TTH, were more associated with high educational attainment. On the other hand, a high household income was inversely associated with migraine headaches. Resumen: Introducción: Las cefaleas primarias afectan a un alto porcentaje de la población general a nivel mundial. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es describir la epidemiología de las cefaleas primarias en adultos de mediana edad de una gran cohorte brasileña. Métodos: Realizamos un análisis transversal de las características sociodemográficas de pacientes con cefaleas primarias, a partir de los datos del Estudio Longitudinal de Salud del Adulto (ELSA-Brasil). Resultados: De un total de 15.093 participantes (edad media, 52 años), 6.082 (40,3%) tenían cefalea tensional (33% definitiva y 7,3% probable), 4.411 (29,2%) presentaban migraña (8,4% definitiva y 20,8% probable), 140 (0,9%) tenían otras cefaleas primarias y 4.460 (29,6%) no habían presentado cefalea en los últimos 12 meses. Las odds ratios (OR) más altas corresponden a las asociaciones entre diagnóstico definitivo de migraña y las siguientes variables: edad ≤ 65 años (OR, 3,21; IC 95%, 2,20-4,69), sexo femenino (OR, 12,87; IC 95%, 10,72-15,45) y situación laboral activa (OR, 3,01; IC 95%, 2,46-3,69). Un mayor nivel educativo (estudios secundarios o superiores vs. estudios primarios) se asoció con OR más altas, principalmente en pacientes con diagnóstico definitivo de cefalea tensional (OR para estudios secundarios, 1,47; IC 95%, 1,26-1,71; OR para estudios superiores, 1,21; IC 95%, 1,06-1,39) y diagnóstico definitivo de migraña (OR para estudios superiores, 1,31; IC 95%, 1,04-1,66). Encontramos una asociación positiva entre mayor nivel de ingresos y el diagnóstico definitivo de cefalea tensional (OR para el rango 1.245-3.320 US$, 1,14; IC 95%, 1,02-1,27; OR para > 3.320 US$, 1,16; IC 95%, 1,00-1,34), y una asociación negativa entre el nivel de ingresos y el diagnóstico definitivo de migraña (OR para > 3.320 US$, 0,73; IC 95%, 0,58-0,91). Conclusiones: Las cefaleas primarias, y en especial la cefalea tensional, son más frecuentes en personas con mayor nivel educativo. Sin embargo, encontramos una correlación inversa entre el nivel de ingresos y la frecuencia de migraña.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the similarity between the pre-surgical photographic simulation with the result of rhinoplasty with endonasal technique one year after the operation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational, prospective, analytical, cross-sectional study was carried out, where the photographic files of 47 patients operated of rhinoplasty with endonasal technique were analyzed. RESULTS: The nasolabial angle was slightly lower (103.05 ± 8.28) compared to the postsurgical measurements (103.54 ± 11.40); however, no statistically significant differences were observed between these data. Regarding the nasofrontal angle, lower measurements were reported in the postoperative group (133.36 ± 4.83) vs those that made up the simulation records (136.83 ± 3.87). When comparing the simulations with the postoperative results of the Goode projection index (Gp), a record slightly higher than that projected during the simulations was identified. CONCLUSIONS: The endonasal technique using a delivery-type approach, with the placement of an intercrural graft and a shield-type graft, allows long-term lasting quantitative measurements to be achieved when compared to the preoperative simulator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to explore the emotional impact of Covid-19 on healthcare professionals at the Clinical and University Hospital of Valencia (Spain), and to identify the associated variables. A total of 228 professionals completed an ad hoc online survey in May 2020. The healthcare professionals experienced symptoms of stress (32%), depression (26%), anxiety (14%) and intrusive memories (7.5%). A higher frequency of sadness and anxiety was observed in women and in professionals who had presented Covid-19 symptoms. The professional category with the most frequent emotional symptoms was that of auxiliary nurses, and for stress also nurses and residents. The most affected were the first line units. The psychological variables that were negatively associated with the frequency of all symptomatic manifestations were: self-care, self-esteem, resilience and use of active coping strategies, together with self-efficacy and social support for stress and depression. Despite the limitations of the study, the results may contribute to guide preventive programs for health professionals in future health crises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This work is the first registry focused on knowing patients' characteristics with Parkinson's disease (PD), evolution and treatment used in the state of Michoacán. Methods: 68 patients with PD from the neurology consultation of the General Hospital "Dr. Miguel Silva" from October 1, 2019, to December 31, 2019, who fulfilled the UKPDSBB criteria, were studied. Sociodemographic data, disease duration, and severity according to the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) and Hoehn and Yahr Scale were collected. Results: A total of 68 patients were included in the study. Seven of them were eliminated for not meeting the inclusion criteria. Of the 61 evaluated, 31 (50.8%) were women, the mean age was 68 years (± 9.8) and the age of diagnosis was 61 years (± 12.6). The predominant comorbidities were diabetes mellitus (16.4%), systemic arterial hypertension (44.3%), and depression (70.5%). The dominant phenotype was rigid-akinetic, with absence or slight tremor in 50.8%. About 36.1% had between 5 and 10 years of suffering from the disease. 36.1% had exposure to pesticides; 31.1% had a history of head trauma. There were 24.6% smoking and 31.1% alcoholism. The drugs most used for motor manifestations were levodopa/carbidopa in 83.6% and pramipexole in 31.1 %. In part I of the MDS-UPDRS scale, the mean score was 9.8 ± 6.0; part II 14.37 ± 9.6; part III 21.22 ± 12.4 and part IV 3.2 ± 3.69. HY, I occupied 37.7%; II 26.2%; III 23%; IV 9.8% and V 3.3%. Conclusions: In this population, the disease occurred without distinction of gender. The only treatment was pharmacological. Rehabilitation, the support of the psychiatrist and nutritionists, is essential for comprehensive management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista Española de Cardiología (18855857) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición is the property of Sociedad Latinoamericana de Nutricion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo: Establecer la prevalencia de eosinofilia en sangre en adultos con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) según varios puntos de corte. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal en pacientes con EPOC. La frecuencia de eosinofilia en sangre se determinó a partir de la concentración absoluta (células/µL) y relativa (%) de eosinófilos. Fueron realizados modelos multivariados para identificar factores asociados. Resultados: En 81 pacientes incluidos, la edad promedio fue de 71.9 ± 9.8 años; de los cuales, 46 (57 %) fueron hombres. La prevalencia de eosinofilia para los puntos de corte ≥ 100, ≥ 150, ≥ 200, ≥ 300 y ≥ 400 células/µL fue de 64.2, 43.2, 37.0, 16.1 y 9.9 %, respectivamente. De 81 pacientes, 34 (42 %) tuvieron una concentración ≥ 2 %; 21 (25.9 %) ≥ 3 %; 14 (17.3 %) ≥ 4 %; y 10 (12.3 %) ≥ 5 %. La eosinofilia ≥ 100 células/µL se asoció con la edad ≥ 80 años (RM = 6.04, p = 0.026) y con la exacerbación de la EPOC (RM = 9.40, p = 0.038); en cambio, la eosinofilia ≥ 2 %, lo hizo con solamente la edad ≥ 80 años (RM = 3.73, p = 0.020). Complementariamente, la concentración de eosinófilos ≥ 100 y < 300 células/µL se asoció con la exacerbación de la EPOC (RM = 11.00, p = 0.026). Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados sugieren que la frecuencia de eosinofilia en EPOC muestra variaciones sustanciales según la definición adoptada.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of blood eosinophilia in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) according to different cut-off points. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in patients with COPD. The frequency of blood eosinophilia was determined by absolute (cells/ µL) and relative (%) eosinophil count. Multivariate methods were used in order to identify the associated factors. Results: 81 patients were included; the mean age was 71.9 ± 9.8 years; 46 (57%) of the patients were men. The prevalence of eosinophilia for the cut-off points of ≥ 100, ≥ 150, ≥ 200, ≥ 300, and ≥ 400 cells/µL was of 64.2%, 37.0%, 16.1%, and 9.9% respectively. Out of 81 patients, 34 (42%) had a relative eosinophil concentration of ≥ 2%; 21 (25.9%) ≥ 3%; 14 patients (17.3%) had ≥ 4%; and 10 patients (12.3%) had ≥ 5%. Eosinophilia of ≥ 100 cells/µL was associated with age of ≥ 80 years (OR = 6.04, p = 0.026), and with the exacerbation of COPD (OR = 9.40, p = 0.038); in contrast, eosinophilia of ≥ 2% was associated only with age of ≥ 80 years (OR = 3.73, p = 0.020). In addition, the eosinophil count of ≥ 100 and < 300 cells/ µL was associated with the exacerbation of COPD (OR = 11.00, p = 0.026). Conclusions: Our results suggest that the frequency of eosinophilia in the context of COPD shows substantial variations according to the used definition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the prevalence of blood eosinophilia in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) according to different cut-off points. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in patients with COPD. The frequency of blood eosinophilia was determined by absolute (cells/ µL) and relative (%) eosinophil count. Multivariate methods were used in order to identify the associated factors. Results: 81 patients were included; the mean age was 71.9 ± 9.8 years; 46 (57%) of the patients were men. The prevalence of eosinophilia for the cut-off points of ≥ 100, ≥ 150, ≥ 200, ≥ 300, and ≥ 400 cells/µL was of 64.2%, 37.0%, 16.1%, and 9.9% respectively. Out of 81 patients, 34 (42%) had a relative eosinophil concentration of ≥ 2%; 21 (25.9%) ≥ 3%; 14 patients (17.3%) had ≥ 4%; and 10 patients (12.3%) had ≥ 5%. Eosinophilia of ≥ 100 cells/µL was associated with age of ≥ 80 years (OR = 6.04, p = 0.026), and with the exacerbation of COPD (OR = 9.40, p = 0.038); in contrast, eosinophilia of ≥ 2% was associated only with age of ≥ 80 years (OR = 3.73, p = 0.020). In addition, the eosinophil count of ≥ 100 and < 300 cells/ µL was associated with the exacerbation of COPD (OR = 11.00, p = 0.026). Conclusions: Our results suggest that the frequency of eosinophilia in the context of COPD shows substantial variations according to the used definition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antecedentes: Recientemente, el síndrome de alergia oral (SAO) ha sido clasificado de acuerdo con los alimentos que lo inducen: fenotipo I, relacionado con alimentos derivados de plantas; fenotipo II, provocado por alimentos de origen vegetal y animal. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia del síndrome de alergia oral en adolescentes tardíos según la nueva clasificación. Métodos: Estudio transversal en el que se analizaron los datos de 1992 adolescentes de 15 a 18 años; la información se obtuvo a través de un cuestionario estructurado, en el que se interrogó acerca de síntomas orales según el tipo de alimento consumido. Resultados: La prevalencia global de síndrome de alergia oral fue de 1.7 % (IC 95 % = 1.2-2.4): fenotipo I, 0.85 % y fenotipo II, 0.85 %. Según el fenotipo no hubo diferencia por sexo e historia personal de enfermedad atópica; el tiempo de inicio de los síntomas sí mostró asociación (p = 0.048). La frecuencia de los síntomas respiratorios, en piel y mucosas no difirieron entre los grupos; respecto a los síntomas gastrointestinales, la diarrea fue notoriamente más frecuente en el fenotipo II (p = 0.044). Conclusión: Se identificaron claramente los dos fenotipos del síndrome de alergia oral: uno asociado a alimentos de origen vegetal y otro a alimentos tanto de origen vegetal como animal.

The objective of this research is to describe the relationship between depressive disorder and cognitive deterioration in residentialized elderly people. This is a descriptive and correlational study with 70 elderly. The variables have been assessed with a Psychosocial Variables Questionnaire, CAMCOG and GDS. Depression was significantly correlated with cognitive level in the non-assisted elderly sample (r=0.471, p=0.004). Participants' age is negatively associated with the score obtained in the CAMCOG of non-assisted sample (r=-0.352, p=0.038). Depression is more frequent in institutions that care for older people when they are more dependent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Fisioterapia e Pesquisa is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Salud Bosque is the property of Universidad El Bosque and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aims: The terms "patient activation" and "patient empowerment" are used to describe the extent to which individuals are able to manage their own healthcare. Health outcomes and quality of life improve in patients who are more active in health care. The aim of this study was to identify sociodemographic, clinical, sociological and psychological determinants associated with activation in a group of chronically anticoagulated patients., Methods: Cross-sectional study of patients treated with oral antivitamin-k drugs attended at a specialized outpatient anticoagulant unit between November 2021 and June 2022. The main dependent variable was the level of patient activation according to the 13-item Patient Activation Measure (PAM-13). Simple and multiple linear regression models were conducted to identify the determinants associated with PAM-13 score., Results: A total of 137 patients who met all the inclusion criteria were recruited for the study. The mean age was 59.6 years (SD 13.8; range 22-86) and 60.6% were male. Sixty per cent presented a level IV of activation according to the PAM-13 scale. Mean patient activation score was 73.9 (SD 15.4). The factors independently associated with significantly lower activation were: emergency department visits in the past 12 months, intermediate social risk, anxiety symptoms, stress symptoms and low self-efficacy., Conclusions: Five determinants were found to be associated with activation. Knowing the factors that modify the level of activation can help to identify subgroups of chronic anticoagulated patients who are less likely to engage in self-management and are therefore candidates for tailored educational interventions., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: The factors and patterns associated with antibiotic consumption in infants are unclear. Our aim was to assess the cumulative incidence of antibiotic consumption from birth to 16 months and identify factors associated with antibiotic consumption among infants aged 4-16 months., Material and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in 2016 in a sample of 18 882 women from Galicia, Spain, who had given birth to a live child between September 1, 2015 and August 31, 2016. We calculated the cumulative incidence of antibiotic consumption based on maternal reports regarding the infant's consumption from birth to 14 months obtained through interviews; we did not estimate consumption at ages 15 and 16 months due to the small sample size. To assess which factors were associated with antibiotic consumption, we carried out a nested case-control study matching cases and controls for birth month on a 1:1 ratio., Results: The cumulative incidence of antibiotic consumption among infants aged 0-14 months increased from 7.5% to 66.0%. The case-control study included data for 1852 cases and 1852 controls. Daycare attendance (OR: 3.8 [95% CI: 3.2-4.6]), having older siblings (OR: 1.8 [95% CI: 1.6-2.1]), health care visits to private clinics (OR: 1.6 [95% CI: 1.4-2.0]), and passive smoking (OR: 1.3 [95% CI: 1.1-1.6]) were associated with an increased probability of antibiotic consumption. Maternal age between 30-39 years or 40 years and over at the time of birth was associated with a decreased probability of antibiotic consumption (OR: 0.8 [95% CI, 0.7-1.0] and OR: 0.6 [95% CI: 0.5-0.8], respectively)., Conclusions: Some of the factors associated with antibiotic consumption in infants are modifiable and should be considered in the development of public health measures aimed at reducing antibiotic consumption., (Copyright © 2023 Asociación Española de Pediatría. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Background: The prevalence of allergic diseases markedly varies according to the geographical region. Objective: To determine the prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis in children of six and seven years of age. Methods: Cross-sectional study that included a sample of almost 15 thousand children in five cities of Mexico. To obtain the prevalence of allergic diseases and their symptoms, the parents of the children answered The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire. 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated for proportions. Results: Of the total sample, 7466 (52.5 %) were boys and 7463 (47.5%) girls. In general, the prevalence of asthma, exercise-induced asthma and current asthma was 6.1 % (95% CI = 5.7%-6.5%), 2.1 % (95% CI = 1.9%-2.3%) and 11.6 % (95% CI = 11.1% -12.1%), respectively. On the other hand, the prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 5.4 % (95% CI = 5.1%-5.8%), rhinitis with conjunctivitis, 19.2 % (95% CI = 18.6%-19.8%), and current rhinitis, 52.8% (95% CI = 52.0%-53.6%). The prevalence of atopic dermatitis and current dermatitis was 3.4 % (95% CI = 3.1%-3.7%) and 7.8% (95 % CI = 7.4%-8.2%), respectively. Conclusions: Our results indicate that the prevalence of allergic diseases in school children is similar to that observed in previous studies in Mexico.

Introducción: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los desordenes del sueño (DS) en un grupo de estudiantes universitarios y estimar la relacion entre ansiedad e insomnio en el ambiente academico. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal, analitico y observacional en la Facultad de Medicina Humana de la Universidad Ricardo Palma, durante el año académico 2017. Dos cuestionarios validados, fueron admnistrados personalmente a 132 estudiantes despues de obtener su consentimiento informado: El Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck (BAI), y el cuestionario de sueño de Oviedo ritmo sueño-vigilia del paciente. Resultados: La edad media hallada fue de 24.07 +- 2.14 ( 20-34 ), Según estado civil el 67.42% eran solteros. La prevalencia de insomnio según CIE10 fue de 31.8 % (95% CI: 27.3-39.2%) mas frecuentes en mujeres (61.9%) que en hombres (38.9%); y según DSM IV fue de fue de 3.8 % (95% CI: 2.9-8.4%) mas frecuentes en estudiantes mujeres (80%) que en hombres (20%) . La prevalencia de ansiedad clinicamente significativa (moderada y severa) fue de 9.1%, mas frecuente en estudiantes mujeres (66.6%) que en hombres (33.3%). Se encontró una asociacion estadisticamente significativa entre ansiedad e insomnio DSM IV con un OR:7.8 IC95% 1.16-52.26 p: 0.01. Conclusión: La magnitud del insomnio en estudiantes universitarios de la Universidad Ricardo Palma evidencia la importancia de examinar la salud del sueño en esta poblacion. La asociacion entre ansiedad e insomnio es significativa, remarcando la importancia de detectar y tratar oportunamente la ansiedad y no solo el insomnio.

La investigación da cuenta del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y la prevalencia de los trastornos mentales en adolescentes escolarizados en la media vocacional de Popayán, a través de un estudio transversal realizado en los años 2012 y 2015 por el grupo de investigación Psiedu del programa de Psicología de la Universidad Cooperativa, sede Popayán. En las dos cohortes se trabajó con muestras socialmente representativas, los investigadores incluyeron a partir de un mapeo de actores, al máximo de estudiantes miembros de los grados décimo y undécimo de las instituciones. La investigación se realizó con base en la metodología de estudio descriptivo cuantitativo de corte transversal, la información se recogió a partir del instrumento titulado Cuestionario de Tamizaje de Problemas en Adolescentes (POSIT), compuesto por 81 reactivos agrupados en siete áreas de la vida cotidiana: uso/abuso de sustancias, salud mental, relaciones familiares, relaciones con amigos, nivel educativo, interés laboral, conducta agresiva/delictiva (Rahdert, 1991; Mariño, González-Forteza, Andrade, y Medina-Mora, 1998).

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Copyright of Panamerican Journal of Neuropsychology / Cuadernos de Neuropsicología is the property of Cuadernos de Neuropsicologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)