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The next level of energy performance of new buildings within the European Union will be the Nearly Zero-Energy Building (NZEB). A lot of work has been spent on pilot and demonstration buildings on this and also even higher energy performance levels throughout all EU countries. However, most of the high performance buildings realised so far result in higher investment costs when compared to the current national minimum energy performance requirements. The considerably higher investment costs are one of the main barriers to the early application of the NZEB-level in Europe. The EU H2020 project CoNZEBs works on technical solution sets that result in lower investment costs for NZEBs, bringing the costs close to those of conventional new buildings. The focus is on multi-family houses. In each of the four participating countries Germany, Denmark, Italy and Slovenia a team of researchers is analysing which sets of marketready technologies at the building envelope, the services systems for heating, domestic hot water, ventilation and cooling (where required) in combination with renewable energy systems can fulfil the NZEB requirements at lower costs than those incurred by the national mainstream NZEB application. Additional efforts are being spent on the life-cycle costs and the life-cycle analysis of the solution sets, as well as on the impact of future developments of primary energy factors, energy costs and technology efficiencies.

Realized potential of energy generation systems in residential buildings meeting the efficiency house plus standard In Germany, the implementation of a nearly climate‐neutral building stock will only be successful if energy efficiency is constantly improved in the sectors of building construction and, particularly, building operation. In terms of building energy consumption, it is also essential that the share of renewable energy will be continuously increased. In this context, the new generation of 'Efficiency House Plus' buildings provides an innovative approach. This new generation of buildings consistently supports the steady transition from energy‐consuming buildings towards energy‐producing buildings. Since the 'Efficiency House Plus' is not restricted to any specific technology it can be realized in multiple ways, based on an approach that is open to all types of technology, using an intelligent combination of energy‐efficient construction technologies and renewable energy generation systems. This report analyses the realized potential of electricity generated by on‐site photovoltaic systems at the demonstration buildings of the German federal government's 'Efficiency House Plus' research initiative. These values can be used as benchmarks in the early stages of the building design process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Germany possesses a long tradition in energy-saving construction and has continuously tightened the energy performance requirements and extended the balancing scope in its energy-saving ordinance. In the last few years, several buildings with energy concepts that have the aim of generating more energy than the building needs (if compared in an annual balance) have been designed, realized and monitored – so-called plus energy buildings. This article presents selected examples of the plus energy approach for both residential and non-residential buildings along with their key technologies and available research initiatives dealing with the issue. It also discusses the different possibilities for defining the notion of plus energy and points to ongoing further developments for additional building types and settlements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Das Bundesministerium für Verkehr, Bau und Stadtentwicklung (BMVBS) hat in Berlin ein Modellgebäude als Pilotobjekt für die neue Förderinitiative 'Effizienzhaus Plus' errichten lassen. Mit diesem Modellhaus sollen die Leistungsfähigkeit der verschiedenen Konzeptkomponenten erprobt und Erfahrungen für die Breitenanwendung gesammelt werden. Im Rahmen eines Monitoringprogramms wird das Gebäude vom Fraunhofer-Institut für Bauphysik im bewohnten Zustand zwei Jahre lang messtechnisch erfasst und energetisch bewertet. Dieser Bericht beschreibt die ersten Zwischenergebnisse nach Ablauf einer 12-monatigen Messperiode. Die Messungen zeigen, dass trotz ungünstiger meteorologischer Randbedingungen die Erträge aus den fassadenintegrierten Photovoltaikanlagen höher ausfielen als die Gebäudetechnik und die Nutzer im Laufe der Messperiode für den Gebäudebetrieb benötigten. Mit der überschüssigen Energie konnten etwa 25 % des Energiebedarfs der Elektromobile abgedeckt werden. Unter 'normalen' meteorologischen Bedingungen hätte das Haus den kompletten Bedarf der Elektromobile abdecken können und noch Überschüsse ins Netz eingespeist. Die meteorologischen Randbedingungen in der Messperiode März 2012 bis Februar 2013 führten zu etwa 20 % (3.320 kWh) geringeren Solarstromerträgen aufgrund der real aufgetretenen ca. 40 % geringeren Sonnenscheinstunden als im Jahresmittel der letzten zehn Jahre. Die Energieverbräuche im Gebäude lagen im Messzeitraum etwa 75 % höher als vorherberechnet. Dies lag im Wesentlichen an Ineffizienzen im Bereich der Heizanlage aufgrund deutlich höherer Systemtemperaturen als geplant, an der nicht bedarfsgeregelten Außenluftmenge der Lüftungsanlage und an höheren Stromverbräuchen als angenommen im Haushaltsbereich. Die Ergebnisse des ersten Betriebsjahres zeigen, dass bei hocheffizienten Häusern eine Monitoring- und Einregulierungsphase zwingend eingeplant werden muss, um die planerisch ermittelten Kennwerte auch im praktischen Betrieb realisieren zu können. Validation measurements of the BMVBS Efficiency House Plus in Berlin - Survey period from March 2012 to February 2013. In Berlin, the German Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development (BMVBS) had a model building erected to pilot the new funding initiative 'Efficiency House Plus'. This model is also intended to test and prove the performance of various components of the concept and to provide experience for a wider application. During a 2-year monitoring programme conducted by Fraunhofer IBP, data of the occupied building will be measured and analysed with regard to its energy performance. This report presents the first preliminary results obtained from a 12-month survey period. Measurements found that - despite unfavourable meteorological boundary conditions - the power yields from façade-integrated PV systems still exceeded the energy needs of building services and building users during the survey period. The resultant surplus energy was used to cover about 25 % of the energy demand for electro-mobility. Under 'regular' weather conditions the House would have been able to completely cover the energy demand of the electric vehicles, and still there would have been energy left to be fed into the public grid. The meteorological boundary conditions that were prevailing in the measurement period from March 2012 through February 2013 caused a 20 % drop (3,320 kWh) in the solar power yield due to an actual reduction of the sunshine hours, which were about 40 % less than the annual average of the last ten years. In the survey period, the energy consumption in the building was about 75 % higher than predicted. This discrepancy was mainly due to the inefficient performance of the heating system (caused by substantially higher system temperatures than assumed). It was further due to the uncontrolled amount of outdoor air in the mechanical ventilation system and last but not least it was also due to the fact that the electricity consumption of household appliances was higher than expected. The results of the first year of operation suggest that in the case of high-performance buildings it is absolutely required to include a planned monitoring and regulation/control phase, to be capable of realising the design parameters in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Im Rahmen des Begleitforschungsvorhabens zur EnEff:Stadt-Forschungsinitiative des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Technologie (BMWi) wurde vom Fraunhofer-Institut für Bauphysik eine Softwarelösung entwickelt, die Stadtplaner und andere Akteure in diesem Bereich in den ersten Planungsphasen unterstützt. Innerhalb des IEA ECBCS Annex 51 wurde in Zusammenarbeit mit internationalen Partnern hieraus ebenfalls eine englischsprachige Version mit länderabhängigen Rahmenbedingungen und Informationen erstellt. Die Software mit dem Namen 'Energiekonzept-Berater für Stadtquartiere' ('District Energy Concept Adviser') enthält eine Sammlung von individuellen Hilfsinstrumenten für die Planung. Das Herz der Software ist ein Tool, das ein Stadtquartier energetisch bewertet. Dazu werden Gebäudetypen und weitere vorkonfigurierte Systeme herangezogen, um eine einfache und schnelle Abbildung der Gebäude im Quartier zu ermöglichen. Dadurch benötigt der Anwender nur wenige Schritte, um das Energieeinsparpotenzial von verschiedenen Strategien aus dem Bereich der Gebäudehülle, der Anlagentechnik und zentralen Energieversorgungssystemen zu ermitteln. EnEff:Stadt - The District Energy Concept Adviser. Within the framework of the German research initiative EnEff:Stadt (launched by the German Federal Ministry for Economy and Technology), Fraunhofer Institute for Building Physics IBP has developed a computer programme to support actors in the field of urban planning during the first stages of planning energy-efficient district concepts. This programme was developed in collaboration with international partners from IEA ECBCS Annex 51 'Energy Efficient Communities' and comprises a set of individual supporting tools. The very heart of the programme is a tool for the energy assessment of districts, which uses archetypes and other pre-set configurations to allow for a simple and quick data input mapping all the buildings in the district. Thus it takes the user just a few steps to identify the energy saving potential of various strategies in the areas of building construction, technical building systems, and centralized supply systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bauphysik is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The project BESTFAÇADE, sponsored by the Energy Intelligent Europe programme of the European Union, and led by MCE-Anlagenbau, Austria, accumulated the state of the art of double skin façades (DSFs) in seven European countries (Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Portugal and Sweden). Twenty-eight façades of different buildings in all partner countries of BESTFAÇADE have been analysed for the aspects, types of façade in different countries, DSFs in different climatic regions of Europe, existing simulations and measurements, thermal behaviour, indoor air quality, comfort, user acceptance, energy demand and consumptions, control strategies, integrated building technology, cost (investment, maintenance and operation), resource conservation, environmental impact, comparison to conventional glass façades (CGFs), integration of renewable energy sources into DSFs, as well as non-energy related issues, such as, acoustics, aesthetics, fire protection, moisture, corrosion, durability, maintenance and repair. Most of the buildings are office buildings, followed by schools and service buildings. Nearly all of the buildings have mechanical ventilation systems, and both heating and cooling are performed mostly by air heating/cooling systems. The types of façades are mainly multi-storey and corridor types; in Belgium juxtaposed modules are frequently used. The façade gaps are mostly naturally ventilated (except for Belgium, where the indoor air is led by mechanical ventilation via the gap to the centralized air handling unit). The shading is performed mainly with Venetian blinds located in the gap. Unfortunately data on energy demand and temperatures are infrequently measured and rarely available. The cost of DSFs is significantly higher than conventional façades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]