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Background: Individuals living in poverty often visit primary healthcare clinics for health problems stemming from unmet legal needs. We examined the impact of a medical-legal partnership on improving the social determinants of health (SDoH), health-related quality of life, and perceived health status of attendees of a Legal Clinic Program (LCP). Methods: This was a pre-post program evaluation of a weekly LCP established within an urban primary healthcare clinic to provide free legal consultation. Patients aged 18 years or older were either approached or referred to complete a screening tool to identify potential legal needs. Those identified with potential legal needs were offered an appointment with LCP lawyers who provided legal counsel, referrals, and services. For those who attended the LCP, changes in SDoH and health indicators were collected via a self-reported survey 6 months after they attended the LCP and compared to their baseline scores using paired t -tests, McNemar's test for paired proportions, and the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test for related samples. Results: During the 6-month evaluation period, 31 participants attended the LCP and completed both the baseline and 6-month surveys; 67.8% were female, 64.5% were white, 90.3% were not working full-time, and 61.3% had a household income of $700 to 1800 per month. At follow-up, 25.8% were receiving at least 1 new benefit and there was a statistically significant reduction in food insecurity (35.5% vs 9.7%, P <.05). Also, perceived health status using the visual analog scale (ranges from 0 to 100) significantly improved from 42.5 points (SD = 25.3) at baseline to 56.6 points (SD = 19.6) after 6 months (P <.05). Conclusions: The LCP has the potential to improve the health and wellbeing of patients in primary healthcare clinics by addressing unmet legal needs and SDoH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An interdisciplinary team of academics and representatives of fishing fleets and government collaborated to study the emerging requirements for sustainability in Canada's fisheries. Fisheries assessment and management has focused on biological productivity with insufficient consideration of social (including cultural), economic, and institutional (governance) aspects. Further, there has been little discussion or formal evaluation of the effectiveness of fisheries management. The team of over 50 people (i) identified a comprehensive set of management objectives for a sustainable fishery system based on Canadian policy statements, (ii) combined objectives into an operational framework with relevant performance indicators for use in management planning, and (iii) undertook case studies that investigated some social, economic, and governance aspects in greater detail. The resulting framework extends the suite of widely accepted ecological aspects (productivity and trophic structure, biodiversity, and habitat-ecosystem integrity) to include comparable economic (viability and prosperity, sustainable livelihoods, distribution of access and benefits, regional-community benefits), social (health and well-being, sustainable communities, ethical fisheries), and institutional (legal obligations, good governance structure, effective decision-making) aspects of sustainability. This work provides a practical framework for implementation of a comprehensive approach to sustainability in Canadian fisheries. The project also demonstrates the value of co-construction of collaborative research and co-production of knowledge that combines and builds on the strengths of academics, industry, and government. Une equipe interdisciplinaire d'universitaires et de representants gouvernementaux et de flottes de peche a collabore a l'etude des nouvelles exigences en matiere de perennite des ressources halieutiques canadiennes. L'evaluation et la gestion de ces ressources ont mis l'accent sur la productivite biologique en ne tenant pas suffisamment compte d'aspects sociaux (y compris des aspects culturels), economiques et institutionnels (de gouvernance). L'efficacite de la gestion des peches a en outre fait l'objet de tres peu de discussions ou d'evaluations formelles. L'equipe composee de plus de 50 membres a (i) cerne un ensemble exhaustif d'objectifs de gestion pour un systeme de peches perenne reposant sur des enonces de principes canadiens, (ii) regroupe ces objectifs en un cadre operationnel comptant des indicateurs de rendement pertinents a utiliser dans la planification de la gestion et (iii) realise des etudes de cas pour examiner plus en detail certains aspects sociaux, economiques et de gouvernance. Le cadre en decoulant elargit l'ensemble des aspects ecologiques (productivite et structure trophique, biodiversite et integrite des habitats et ecosystemes) largement acceptes pour y inclure des aspects economiques (viabilite et prosperite, moyens de subsistance durables, repartition de l'acces et des benefices, avantages pour les regions-collectivites), sociaux (sante et bien-etre, collectivites durables, peches ethiques) et institutionnels (obligations legales, structure de bonne gouvernance, processus decisionnel efficace) comparables de la perennite. Ces travaux fournissent un cadre pratique pour la mise en oeuvre d'une approche integree visant la perennite des ressources halieutiques canadiennes. Le projet demontre egalement la valeur de la construction collective de recherches collaboratives et de la production collective de connaissances qui mettent en commun les forces des universitaires, de l'industrie et des gouvernements. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction Canada's legislation and international commitments require attention to ecological, social (including cultural), economic, and institutional (governance) aspects of fisheries. The Federal Sustainable Development Strategy (ECCC 2016), which, along with [...]

We aimed to explore continuity of health care and health barriers, facilitators, and opportunities for people at the time of release from a provincial correctional facility in Ontario, Canada. We conducted focus groups in community-based organizations in a city in Ontario, Canada: a men's homeless shelter, a mental health service organization, and a social service agency with programs for people with substance use disorders. We included adults who spoke English well enough to participate in the discussion and who had been released from the provincial correctional facility in the previous year. We conducted three focus groups with 18 total participants. Participants had complex health needs on release, including ongoing physical and psychological impacts of time in custody. They identified lack of access to high quality health care; lack of housing, employment, social services, and social supports; and discrimination on the basis of incarceration history as barriers to health on release. Access to health care, housing, social services, and social supports all facilitated health on release. To address health needs on release, participants suggested providing health information in jail, improving discharge planning, and developing accessible clinics in the community. This pilot study identified opportunities to support health at the time of release from jail, including delivery of programs in jail, linkage with and development of programs in the community, and efforts to support structural changes to prevent and address discrimination. These data will inform ongoing work to support health and continuity of care on release from a provincial correctional facility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines drug and alcohol abuse, alone and in combination, among older people (N=100) using case records, interviews, and a questionnaire. Results showed 29 percent used other drugs in conjunction with alcohol, particularly among Blacks. Most respondents began to drink heavily between age 55 and 64. (JAC)

Compared number/types of cases handled by Family Court during June 1, 1975 through December 31, 1976. Random sample was used as primary data source. Only significant difference between juvenile and status offenders was related to family income. Juveniles in the $5,000 or less bracket committed less crimes of theft than those from the $15,000 or less bracket. (Author/HLM)

ABSTRACT: Inherent variability in nontarget terrestrial plant (NTTP) testing of pesticides creates challenges for using and interpreting these data for risk assessment. Standardized NTTP testing protocols were initially designed to calculate the application rate causing a 25% effect (ER25, used in the United States) or a 50% effect (ER50, used in Europe) for various measures based on the observed dose–response. More recently, the requirement to generate a no‐observed‐effect rate (NOER), or, in the absence of an NOER, the rate causing a 5% effect (ER05), has raised questions about the inherent variability in, and statistical detectability of, these tests. Statistically significant differences observed between test and control groups may be a product of this inherent variability and may not represent biological relevance. Attempting to derive an ER05 and the associated risk‐assessment conclusions drawn from these values can overestimate risk. To address these concerns, we evaluated historical data from approximately 100 seedling emergence and vegetative vigor guideline studies on pesticides to assess the variability of control results across studies for each plant species, examined potential causes for the variation in control results, and defined the minimum percent effect that can be reliably detected. The results indicate that with current test design and implementation, the ER05 cannot be reliably estimated. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2018;14:639–648. © 2018 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Fisheries sustainability is recognized to have four pillars: ecological, economic, social (including cultural) and institutional (or governance). Although international agreements, and legislation in many jurisdictions, call for implementation of all four pillars of sustainability, the social, economic and institutional aspects (i.e., the “human dimensions”) have not been comprehensively and collectively addressed to date. This study describes a framework for comprehensive fisheries evaluation developed by the Canadian Fisheries Research Network (CFRN) that articulates the full spectrum of ecological, economic, social and institutional objectives required under international agreements, together with candidate performance indicators for sustainable fisheries. The CFRN framework is aimed at practical fisheries evaluation and management and has a relatively balanced distribution of elements across the four pillars of sustainability relative to 10 alternative management decision support tools and indicator scorecards, which are heavily focused on ecological and economic aspects. The CFRN framework has five immediate uses: (a) It can serve as a logic frame for defining management objectives; (b) it can be used to define alternate management options to achieve given objectives; (c) it can serve as a tool for comparing management scenarios/options in decision support frameworks; (d) it can be employed to create a report card for comprehensive fisheries management evaluation; and (e) it is a tool for practical implementation of an integrated social–ecological system approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This introduction to the special issue, ‘Engagement, Witnessing and Activism: Independent Chinese Documentary Filmmakers’ Different Positions, Approaches and Aesthetics,’ argues that how the political is registered and expressed in Chinese activist documentaries cannot simply be read through Western ideas, concepts and aesthetics. Rather, Chinese work has been shaped partly in relation to state-sanctioned public discourse, and partly through the localising of international influences according to Chinese socio-political conditions. Contemporary Chinese activist documentary makers have chosen as their primarymodus operandian open, exploratory engagement with the ‘grassroots’ (jiceng). The core commitment in this approach is to the truth of the on-screen subject’s experienceas they themselves see it. Modes of engagement with the grassroots include: making visible people and identities that state-sanctioned representations hide or gloss over; bearing witness to events and situations that are similarly hidden, or presented in a very particular manner, in state-sanctioned representations; and exploring memories and historical experiences which are otherwise unacknowledged or presented within narrow interpretive parameters in state-sanctioned media. This introduction details how the articles in this special issue analyse and discuss Chinese activist works that utilise one or more of these modes. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Zhang Zhen has recently brought Jane M. Gaines’ notion of ‘political mimesis’ to bear on a young lineage of Chinese activist documentaries. This article considers the appropriateness of political mimesis as a critical tool for understanding Chinese activist works, arguing it needs to be heavily qualified. The article proposes that Laura Rascaroli’s theorisation of the essay film can help us understand the critical dialogue Chinese activist documentaries seek to open with viewers, through a close analysis of Hu Jie’s pioneeringSearching for Lin Zhao’s Soul(2004). The article considers how Hu Jie encourages the forging of an emotional bond between viewers and his film’s absent subject – the murdered dissident Lin Zhao – via the filmmaker’s embodied presence on screen. It then analyses how Hu Jie uses a mode of direct, embodied address to insert viewers into a politicised dialogue in the film’s concluding moments, via an act of dialogical interpolation similar to that which Rascaroli describes in relation to the essay film. It is through its emotive representation of a political ‘martyr’ and the interpolation of the viewer into a politicised dialogue relevant to the present thatSearching for Lin Zhao’s Soulachieves is efficacy as an ‘activist’ text. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

An unmanned vehicle has been developed for dual use as both an aircraft and a submersible. To achieve long-range emplacement of a highly maneuverable underwater asset to a target environment, the Flimmer (Flying-Swimmer) vehicle is designed for both high-speed flight and low-speed swimming. Building on previous research in bioinspired propulsion and control systems, the vehicle employs a unique set of artificial flapping fins for underwater maneuvering, which must be considered when evaluating the flight and water landing capabilities. This paper describes the computational analysis and experimental results for all three phases of vehicle operation-- flight, landing, and swimming. Computational fluid dynamics simulation results predict aero- and hydrodynamic characteristics and demonstrate landing loads on and trajectory of the vehicle. Experimental data demonstrate flight and swimming performance and validate the computational results, and experimental testing of water landing provides a comparison with computations. Results and analyses of the Flimmer vehicle performance demonstrate the operational capabilities of an unmanned hybrid vehicle for long-range flight and low-speed swimming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined outcomes for 320 youth in a Center for Mental Health Services system-of-care demonstration site. Youth received wraparound-only (n = 213),MST-only (n = 54),or wraparound + MST (n = 53). Participants were 12 years old on average and mostly White (90%), and 75% were Medicaid-eligible. Service use and functional and clinical outcomes were examined at 6-month intervals out to 18 months. All three groups improved over the study period. The MST-only group demonstrated more clinical improvement than the other groups. Functional outcomes did not differ significantly across groups. Youth in wrap + MST had higher baseline severity and experienced less clinical and functional change than the other two groups, despite more mental health service use. Targeted, evidence-based treatment may be more effective than system-level intervention alone for improving clinical symptoms among youth with serious emotional disorders served in community-based settings. New or amended approaches may be needed for youth with the most severe disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some computer education goals, such as computer-assisted instruction, are very expensive and difficult to meet. Programing, computer literacy, and word processing are less expensive computer education areas, and programs are easier to implement. (PGD)

The purpose of the study was to compare feelings of anomie experienced by aged clients who were able to remain in their homes with the services of a homemaker provided through the auspices of federally funded program, with the feelings of anomie experienced by elderly clients living in nursing homes. The following factors were considered: first, that feelings anomie are common among the elderly, and second, that these feelings may be intensified among the elderly in a nursing home setting. There was no statistically significant difference in the degree of anomie experience by the aged in nursing homes and the aged residing in their own homes and receiving haste maker services. Analysis of the data failed to reject the null hypothesis. Data suggested a trend indicating that nursing home residents experience a higher degree of anomie, isolation, normlessness and powerlessness. As the groups are divided up and compared based on sex, race, religion, and marital status the higher degree of anomie does not remain with the nursing home residents.

A primary purpose of this study was to derive some empirical evidence as to whether involvement of spouses in the treatment process significantly affects completion of treatment and recidivism of the alcoholic. Case records of seventy patients admitted to a hospital alcohol intervention unit and their spouses comprised the total sample. The independent variable, spouse panicipation in three group educational sessions on alcohol as a drug and alcoholism as a progressive disease, was contrasted with completion of treatment and recidivism of the alcoholic patient. Data was also collected to determine which of the subjects panicipated in three or more outpatient sessions. Participation of spouses in the group work strategy derived from a developmental perspective was related to both dependent variables; however, calculations with respect to outpatient sessions failed to yield statistical significance. Data also suggested that the "spouse group" facilitated a better understanding of alcoholism as a progressive disease and alcohol as a drug, and also promoted a more hopeful outlook by alcoholics and their spouses. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The Senior Community Employment Program is a federally subsidized employment and job mining program for needy older workers. A primary aim is to move some enrollees through the program into unsubsidized employment. To facilitate this aim, an intervention involving social group work principles was designed to enhance self-esteem and self-confidence of enrollees by means of didactic teaching through role playing and discussion. A pilot study of the intentention was implemented, using eleven enrollees for the experimental group with a matched sample of enrollees as a control group. Results demonstrated that the group intervention was effective in altering behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This was a study of 2,419 adult probation cases, which had been closed due to completion of probation or revocation of probation, between January 1, 1975, and December 31, 1978. These cases were supervised in the Shreveport Probation and Parole District including the Northwest Louisiana parishes of Caddo, Bossier, Webster, Claiborne, Jackson, and Bienville. An attempt was made to determine the personal characteristics of the probationers as related to recidivism to aid in the selection of future probationers and thereby reduce the recidivism rate. Recidivism was considered to be unsatisfactory termination or revocation of probation. One hundred felony and misdemeanor probation cases were selected by simple random sample from the total population and all pertinent data were collected from case files. Of the cases making up the sample, 14% were revoked and 86% were completed successfully. A significant relationship was found between recidivism and school grade completed, prior criminal record, age at first arrest, number of prior arrests, offender classification, and length of probation sentence. Factors found to be not significantly related were race, sex, age left school, marital status, employed at time of offense, age at time of present offense and type of offense. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This study was conducted to compare the number and types of cases handled by the Family Court System during the period of June 1, 1975 through December 31, 1976. A random sample of case records were used as the primary data source. Variables used in the study were: age, sex, race, types of crimes committed, income, marital status of parents, whether the parents were buying or renting their homes, court time consumed in processing these cases, and school offender last attended to determine the area with the highest percentage of crime rate. A data form was completed for each case record based on the above variables and frequency distributions were developed based on those data. Chi Square, and Pearson product-moment Correlation Coefficient were used to determine significance for each of the hypotheses. The .05 level of significance was utilized as a level at which the hypotheses would be accepted or rejected. Analysis of the data revealed die following with regard to the null hypotheses: H, — There was no significant difference in time consumed by the Court procedure between Groups A, B, and C, H2. It was found that profiles indicating further involvement with the Court between Group A and Group B reflected no significant difference, and H3. There was a significant difference in the number of case records in Group A and Group B. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The programmatic research presented in this study concerned the Jefferson Parish Day Caie Transitional Center Project in Gretna, Louisiana, a community-based day care treatment program offering services to adjudicated juveniles who have lengthy records or prior arrests and convictions. This research is part of a more comprehensive on-going program evaluative effort. The purpose of (he programmatic research involved in this investigation was to gain a tint approximation to impact evaluation. The research involved before and after measures on target participants in the areas of (1) reading, spelling and math proficiency as measured by the Wide Range Achievement Test; (2) intelligent quotients as determined by administration of the Slosson Verbal IQ Test; (3) personality traits as derived by the Minnesota Multiple Phasic Inventory Test or the KinCannon short version for low readers; and (4) arrests/offenses as recorded in Jefferson Parish Juvenile Courts Services' masterflle. Simple before and after measurement is not definite proof of net impact but rather is used to document the fact that a project is having an impact on participants that is consistent with project goals. The results of this study provide indication that the program has a positive effect on participants. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

No abstract available for this article. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The information age is bringing about a change in the world division of labor. Many of the great trading cities that arose during the Industrial Revolution as shipping, railroad, and financial centers are now facing new challenges, challenges brought about by global telecommunications. Information technology and the changing nature of business and government offer new opportunities and threats to these and other cities as they strive to acquire or retain treasured economic activity. Telecommunications and computation capacity are among the tools cities can use as they vie with one another for this commerce. This study describes how U. S. cities are affected by these trends and summarizes some of the key technological and policy issues involved. Several case studies are reported, which show the various strategies used by large cities such as New York and Boston, progressive Midwest cities such as Omaha, and small cities such as Heathrow, Florida. Some preliminary principles of success are adduced. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Comments on the hazard communication standard implemented by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration in the U.S. Background information on the industrial safety standard; Pros and cons of the federal standard for employers; Policy implications on management strategies. INSET: ESM UPDATE.

The central issue in computer education is the same as any other aspect of school management: Good management requires a working knowledge of the subject to enable implementation of the highest quality and most cost-efficient program possible to meet your objective. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]