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Copyright of Phytothérapie is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Among heavy metals, Cadmium (Cd) is one of the common pollutants with deleterious reproductive and physiological impact in the biological system. This study was designed to evaluate the detrimental effects of Cd on the seminal and histopathological parameters of the testes; and to explore the therapeutic potentials of the methanolic extract of Gmelina arborea (MEGA) fruit in averting such reproductive damages. To achieve this, a total of 45 rabbit bucks aged between 24-28 weeks and weighing between 1.41-1.43 kg were used. The rabbit bucks were assigned to 5 treatments groups (control, Cd-only, Cd + 300 mg MEGA, Cd + 600 mg MEGA and Cd + 900 mg MEGA) in a completely randomized design. The rabbits were dosed with 3 mg CdCl2 /kg feed for 7 days followed by MEGA for 56 days after every 72 hours before the commencement of semen collection. The result of semen evaluation indicates that semen volume, semen motility, semen concentration, total ejaculate and viability were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced by Cd compared to the control group. Libido, body weight and testis density of the Cd-only rabbit group were also significantly (P < 0.05) reduced. Histopathological examination also revealed severe testicular damage due to Cd. However, treatment with MEGA significantly (P < 0.05) reversed the deleterious reproductive effects caused by Cd. In conclusion, Cd drastically affected the testis of rabbit bucks and treatment with MEGA alleviated these deleterious effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Medical Mycology / Journal de Mycologie Médicale is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Societe et Environnement is the property of Les Presses Agronomiques de Gembloux and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: To describe drugs targeting urethra and prostate to treat dysfunctions such LUTS related to BPH, primary bladder neck obstruction (PBNO), detrusor sphincter dyssynergia (DSD) or sphincter deficiency (SD)., Method: Pubmed search for efficacy, mode of action and side effects for each molecule. Additional data were searched from the French regulatory agencies web sites (HAS and ANSM)., Results: To treat LUTS related to BPH alpha-blockers (AB) and 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5ARIs) have a clearer efficacy than plant extract. Daily Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (PDE5Is) alone or in association with AB also demonstrate efficacy in this indication. AB are an option in PBNO and DSD related to multiple sclerosis. Although Botulinum toxin A derived molecules decrease urethral pressure in patient with DSD related to spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis, efficiency remains to be demonstrated. Duloxetine a serotonin reuptake inhibitor increases urethral sphincter pressure and reduce stress urinary incontinence in women and men. Nevertheless, moderate efficacy combine with frequent side effects lead French regulation agency to reject its agreement., Conclusion: Armamenterium to treat urethral dysfunctions has recently increases. Two new therapeutic classes emerge: PDE5Is to treat LUTS related to BPH and an SRIs (Duloxetine) to treat stress urinary incontinence. Efficacy and safety evaluation of all the possible associations between drugs targeting urethra and/or bladder is needed to a subtler and more efficient pharmacologic modulation of lower urinary tract dysfunction., (Copyright © 2013. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.)