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Currently, there is an increasing need for reliable mechanisms for automatically detecting and localizing people—from performing a people-flow analysis in museums and controlling smart homes to guarding hazardous areas like railway platforms. A method for detecting people using FLIR Lepton 3.5 thermal cameras and Raspberry Pi 3B+ computers was developed. The method creates a control and capture library for the Lepton 3.5 and a new person-detection technique that uses the state-of-the-art YOLO (You Only Look Once) real-time object detector based on deep neural networks. A thermal unit with an automated configuration using Ansible encapsulated in a custom 3D-printed enclosure was used. The unit has applications in simple thermal detection based on the modeling of complex scenes with polygonal boundaries and multiple thermal camera monitoring. An easily deployable person-detection and -localization system based on thermal imaging that supports multiple cameras and can serve as an input for other systems that take actions by knowing the positions of people in monitored environments was created. The thermal detection system was tested on a people-flow analysis performed in the Czech National Museum in Prague. The contribution of the presented method is the development of a small and simple detection system that is easily mountable with wide indoor as well as outdoor applications. The novelty of the system is in the utilization of the YOLO model for thermal data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zimmermann-Laband syndrome is a rare genetic disorder. Patients show multiple phenotypic abnormalities, including skeletal abnormalities of fingers and toes and hypoplasia or aplasia of nails. We studied a pair of monozygotic twins with this syndrome, confirmed at the molecular level, and performed a dermatoglyphic analysis. The analysis showed unusually simple patterning on all fingertips of both individuals: all patterns were arches. There were additional anomalies on the palms. The observed anomalies most likely ref lect disharmony in the development of mesodermal structures of the hand caused by the syndrome. Because dermatoglyphs are complex traits, more research is warranted to unravel the relationship between involved genes and palmar patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Finger vein recognition has evolved into a major biometric trait in recent years. Despite various improvements in recognition accuracy and usability, finger vein recognition is still far from being perfect as it suffers from low-contrast images and other imaging artefacts. Three-dimensional or multi-perspective finger vein recognition technology provides a way to tackle some of the current problems, especially finger misplacement and rotations. In this work we present a novel multi-perspective finger vein capturing device that is based on mirrors, in contrast to most of the existing devices, which are usually based on multiple cameras. This new device only uses a single camera, a single illumination module and several mirrors to capture the finger at different rotational angles. To derive the need for this new device, we at first summarise the state of the art in multi-perspective finger vein recognition and identify the potential problems and shortcomings of the current devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zimmermann–Laband syndrome is a rare, heterogeneous disorder characterized by gingival hypertrophy or fibromatosis, aplastic/hypoplastic nails, hypoplasia of the distal phalanges, hypertrichosis, various degrees of intellectual disability, and distinctive facial features. Three genes are considered causative for ZLS: KCNH1, KCNN3, and ATP6V1B2. We report on a pair of female concordant monozygotic twins, both carrying a novel pathogenic variant in the KCNN3 gene, identified using exome sequencing. Only six ZLS patients with the KCNN3 pathogenic variant have been reported so far. The twins show facial dysmorphism, hypoplastic distal phalanges, aplasia or hypoplasia of nails, and hypertrichosis. During infancy, they showed mild developmental delays, mainly speech. They successfully completed secondary school education and are socio‐economically independent. Gingival overgrowth is absent in both individuals. Our patients exhibited an unusually mild phenotype compared to published cases, which is an important diagnostic finding for proper genetic counseling for Zimmermann–Laband syndrome patients and their families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biometric‐enabled systems have become highly desirable to authenticate and identify people due to the proliferation of mobile technologies. Their application in general settings, such as automated border gates using ePassports or at entrances to buildings or rooms, has become popular as well. Regrettably, where current biometry scanning technologies are reliably suitable for single‐user devices, when hundreds or thousands of people need to be processed, shortcomings emerge. The requirement of physically coming to a halt during scanning poses a limitation to the throughput of the people processed. Additionally, since most of these systems require physical contact, hygienic concerns need to be considered, especially with contagious pandemics such as COVID‐19. In this article, we present a solution to the issue of limited throughput and hygienic concerns by developing a biometric system that allows identification on the fly. Using the experimental setup of our design, we demonstrate that hand‐related biometrics can be acquired on the fly. Furthermore, using a random decision forest classifier and our house‐collected database containing over 560 unique images, we inaugurated that the system is a viable solution for biometric identification on the fly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes historical and existing technologies for monitoring visitors in museum exhibitions. A proposal for a new solution is also included. These technologies mainly include wireless radio technologies (Wi-Fi, ZigBee, Bluetooth, UWB, RFID), while our idea of monitoring is based on the use of heat maps from camera images, i.e. processing of data from multiple camera sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For Entry‐Exit technologies, such as US VISIT and Smart Borders (e‐borders), a watchlist normally contains high‐quality biometric traits and is checked only against visitors. The situation can change drastically if low‐quality images are added into the watchlist. Motivated by this fact, we introduce a systematic approach to assessing the risk of travellers using a biometric‐enabled watchlist where some latency of the biometric traits is allowed. The main results presented herein include: (1) a taxonomical view of the watchlist technology, and (2) a novel risk assessment technique. For modelling the watchlist landscape, we propose a risk categorisation using the Doddington metric. We evaluate via experimental study on large‐scale facial and fingerprint databases, the risks of impersonation and mis‐identification in various screening scenarios. Other contributions include a study of approaches to designing a biometric‐enabled watchlist for e‐borders: a) risk control and b) improving performance of the e‐border via integrating the interview supporting machines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study describes the generation process of a synthetic fingerprint using the Petri nets. The presented Petri net simulates this process, in general. Then, there are presented various initial markings which simulate a particular real‐life scenario. The proposed Petri net could be used to make the creation process more understandable and also it gives some space for optimisation and parallelisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Travelling is becoming available for more and more people. Millions of people are on a way every day. That is why a better control over global human transfer and a more reliable identity check is desired. A recent trend in a field of personal identification documents is to use RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology and biometrics, especially (but not only) in passports. This paper provides an insight into the electronic passports (also called e-passport or ePassport) implementation chosen in the Czech Republic. Such a summary is needed for further studies of biometric passports implementation security and biometric passports analysis. A separate description of the Czech solution is a prerequisite for a planned analysis, because of the uniqueness of each implementation. (Each country can choose the implementation details within a range specified by the ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organisation); moreover, specific security mechanisms are optional and can be omitted). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]