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Abstract In recent years, the transformer-based language models have achieved remarkable success in the field of extractive text summarization. However, there are still some limitations in this kind of research. First, the transformer language model usually regards the text as a linear sequence, ignoring the inherent hierarchical structure information of the text. Second, for long text data, traditional extractive models often focus on global topic information, which poses challenges in how they capturing and integrating local contextual information within topic segments. To address these issues, we propose a long text extractive summarization model that employs a local topic information extraction module and a text hierarchical extraction module to capture the local topic information and document's hierarchical structure information of the original text. Our approach enhances the ability to determine whether a sentence belongs to the summary. In this experiment, ROUGE score is used as the experimental evaluation index, and evaluates the model on three large public datasets. Through experimental validation, the model demonstrates superior performance in terms of ROUGE-1, ROUGE-2, and ROUGE-L scores compared to current mainstream summarization models, affirming the effectiveness of incorporating local topic information and document hierarchical structure into the model.

Abstract Thanks to their excellent bond strength, phenyl‐based molecules with thiol anchoring groups are extensively employed to form stable single‐molecule junctions. However, two critical questions are still not answered which seriously hinder high‐yield establishing reliable molecular functional devices: (1) Whether molecular dimer junctions will be formed, and if this is the case, whether the dimerization is caused by intermolecular disulfide bonds or π–π stacking of phenyl rings; (2) Upon a mechanical‐compression force, is it possible that both anchoring groups of the molecule bond to the same electrode instead of bridging two opposite electrodes, which would drastically reduce the yield of the molecular junctions. Here, combining UV‐Vis/Raman spectroscopy of bulk molecules and conductance/flicker‐noise measurements of single molecules, we give compelling evidence that molecular dimers naturally form under ambient conditions, primarily via disulfide bonds rather than by π–π stacking. We further proposed a technique, named electrode‐compression‐hold‐on (ECHO), and reveal that the two thiol groups of phenyl‐backboned molecules will bond to the same electrode upon a compression force with a prolongated ECHO time. In contrast, the compression‐time‐dependent phenomenon is not observed for alkyl‐backboned molecules. The underlying mechanism for these unprecedented observations is elucidated, shedding light on the yield of molecular junctions.

Abstract Electronic switches have been considered to be one of the most important components of contemporary electronic circuits for processing and storing digital information. Fabricating functional devices with building blocks of atomic/molecular switches can greatly promote the minimization of the devices and meet the requirement of high integration. This review highlights key developments in the fabrication and application of molecular switching devices. This overview offers valuable insights into the switching mechanisms under various stimuli, emphasizing structural and energy state changes in the core molecules. Beyond the molecular switches, typical individual metal atomic switches are further introduced. A critical discussion of the main challenges for realizing and developing practical molecular/atomic switches is provided. These analyses and summaries will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the switch mechanisms, providing guidance for the rational design of functional nanoswitch devices toward practical applications.

Bacterial wilt (BW) is a devastating plant disease caused by the soil-borne bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (Rssc). Numerous efforts have been exerted to control BW, but effective, economical, and environmentally friendly approaches are still not available. Bacteriophages are a promising resource for the control of bacterial diseases, including BW. So, in this study, a crop BW pathogen of lytic bacteriophage was isolated and named PQ43W. Biological characterization revealed PQ43W had a short latent period of 15 min, 74 PFU/cell of brust sizes, and good stability at a wide range temperatures and pH but a weak resistance against UV radiation. Sequencing revealed phage PQ43W contained a circular double-stranded DNA genome of 47,156 bp with 65 predicted open reading frames (ORFs) and genome annotation showed good environmental security for the PQ43W that no tRNA, antibiotic resistance, or virulence genes contained. Taxonomic classification showed PQ43W belongs to a novel genus of subfamily Kantovirinae under Caudoviricetes. Subsequently, a dose of PQ43W for phage therapy in controlling crop BW was determined: 108 PFU*20 mL per plant with non-invasive irrigation root application twice by pot experiment. Finally, a field experiment of PQ43W showed a significantly better control effect in crop BW than the conventional bactericide Zhongshengmycin. Therefore, bacteriophage PQ43W is an effective bio-control resource for controlling BW diseases, especially for crop cultivation.

Abstract The integration of convolutional neural network (CNN) and transformer enhances the network’s capacity for concurrent modeling of texture details and global structures. However, training challenges with transformer limit their effectiveness to low-resolution images, leading to increased artifacts in slightly larger images. In this paper, we propose a single-stage network utilizing large kernel attention (LKA) to address high-resolution damaged images. LKA enables the capture of both global and local details, akin to transformer and CNN networks, resulting in high-quality inpainting. Our method excels in: (1) reducing parameters, improving inference speed, and enabling direct training on 1024 $$\times $$ × 1024 resolution images; (2) utilizing LKA for enhanced extraction of global high-frequency and local details; (3) demonstrating excellent generalization on irregular mask models and common datasets such as Places2, Celeba-HQ, FFHQ, and the random irregular mask dataset Pconv from NVIDIA.

BackgroundDrug-induced immune hemolytic anemia (DIIHA) is a rare but serious condition, with an estimated incidence of one in 100,000 cases, associated with various antibiotics. This study reports on a case of ceftizoxime-induced hemolysis observed in a patient in China.Case descriptionA Chinese patient diagnosed with malignant rectal cancer underwent antimicrobial therapy after laparoscopic partial recto-sigmoid resection (L-Dixon). After receiving four doses of ceftizoxime, the patient developed symptoms including rash, itchy skin, and chest distress, followed by a rapid decline in hemoglobin levels, the presence of hemoglobin in the urine (hemoglobinuria), renal failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Laboratory analysis revealed high-titer antibodies against ceftizoxime and red blood cells (RBCs) in the patient’s serum, including immunoglobulin M (IgM) (1:128) antibodies and immunoglobulin G (IgG) (1:8) antibodies, with noted crossreactivity to ceftriaxone. Significant improvement in the patient’s hemolytic symptoms was observed following immediate discontinuation of the drug, two plasma exchanges, and extensive RBC transfusion.ConclusionThis case, together with previous reports, underscores the importance of considering DIIHA in patients who exhibit unexplained decreases in hemoglobin levels following antibiotic therapy. A thorough examination of the patient’s medical history can provide crucial insights for diagnosing DIIHA. The effective management of DIIHA includes immediate cessation of the implicated drug, plasma exchange, and transfusion support based on the identification of specific drug-dependent antibodies through serological testing.

IntroductionPancreatic cancer (PC) screening recommendations have been based on studies performed solely at high-volume academic centers. To make PC screening more widely available, community-based efforts are essential. We implemented a prospective PC screening study in the community of Fairfield County, CT, and report our early safety and efficacy results.MethodsEligible individuals were enrolled into an investigator-initiated study and underwent a baseline and 3 annual magnetic resonance imagings/magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatographies (MRIs/MRCPs) with gadolinium, biannual blood donations for biobanking, and assessments for anxiety and depression. All MRIs were presented at a multidisciplinary board to determine whether further investigation was warranted.ResultsSeventy-five individuals have been enrolled and 201 MRIs performed over a 2.6-year average length of follow-up. Abnormal pancreatic findings (predominantly small cysts) were detected in 58.7% of the participants. Among these, 6.7% underwent endoscopic ultrasound, with 1 case complicated by postprocedural pancreatitis. One surgical resection was performed on a 4.7-cm intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm with a focus on low-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia. One incidental finding of fibrosing mediastinitis was detected. Anxiety and depression scores decreased over the course of this study from 21.4% to 5.4% and 10.7% to 3.6%, respectively.DiscussionThis preliminary report supports the feasibility of performing MRI/magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatographies-based PC screening as part of a clinical trial in a community setting. A longer follow-up is needed to better assess safety and efficacy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report from a community-based PC screening effort ( clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT03250078).

Objective To comprehensively explore the serological characteristics of anti-PP1Pk and potential therapeutic strategies for recurrent miscarriage in p-blood type pregnant women. Methods Neutralization with pigeon egg white and human plasma, disruption of IgM antibodies by 2-mercaptoethanol reagent, and complement adding were conducted. Anti-PP1Pk titers under different processing conditions, media and temperatures were determined, and neutralizing effect of human plasma on anti-PP1Pk and its sensitization complement ability were analyzed. Results The titers of anti-PP1Pk in saline and column agglutination were 4 and 8, respectively. Low temperature increased titers, while β-mercaptoethanol treatment significantly reduced them. Pigeon egg white partially neutralized anti-PP1Pk antibodies. Human plasma was also capable of reducing anti-PP1Pk titers with neutralization capability surpassing that of pigeon egg white, and there were individual differences in neutralization capability. Conclusion The anti-PP1Pk was a blend of antibodies encompassing both IgM and IgG types, exhibiting cold reactivity, and having the potential for complement activation. Human plasma emerges as an effective modulator for diminishing the efficacy of anti-PP1Pk. Plasma transfusion holds promise as a therapeutic avenue for addressing recurrent miscarriages in pregnant individuals with the p phenotype.

Abstract In this paper, we employ gauge/gravity duality to investigate the string breaking and melting of doubly-heavy tetraquark that includes two heavy quarks and two light antiquarks in a holographic model at finite temperature. Firstly, four different configurations of $${{\textrm{QQ}}}\bar{{\textrm{q}}}\bar{{\textrm{q}}}$$ QQ q ¯ q ¯ are studied at different separation distances of the heavy quarks at finite temperatures. At high temperature, $${{\textrm{QQ}}}\bar{{\textrm{q}}}\bar{{\textrm{q}}}$$ QQ q ¯ q ¯ will melt at certain distances and the screening distance has been given for different temperatures. As the temperature continues to increase, some configurations of doubly-heavy tetraquark can not exist. Furthermore, we investigate three decay modes of $${{\textrm{QQ}}}\bar{{\textrm{q}}}\bar{{\textrm{q}}}$$ QQ q ¯ q ¯ and compare the potential energy of $${{\textrm{QQ}}}\bar{{\textrm{q}}}\bar{{\textrm{q}}}$$ QQ q ¯ q ¯ with that of $${\textrm{QQq}}$$ QQq at finite temperature.

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is considered as a promising dental implant material owing to its excellent physicochemical and mechanical properties. However, its wide range of applications is limited by its biologically inert nature. In this study, a near-infrared (NIR) light responsive bioactive coating with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and metronidazole adhered to the PEEK surface via dopamine polymerization. Compared to pure PEEK, the hydrophilicity of the treated PEEK surface was significantly improved. In addition, under NIR light, the surface coating exhibited photothermal conversion effect, and gold nanoparticles and the antibiotic can be released from the coating. This improved the antibacterial properties of PEEK materials. Moreover, the coating was more conducive to the early adhesion of bone mesenchymal stem cells. The results of in vitro and in vivo osteogenic activity studies showed that the developed coating promoted osseointegration of PEEK implants, and NIR light irradiation further improved the antibacterial ability and osteogenic activity of PEEK implants. Through RNA sequencing, the potential underlying mechanism of promoting bone formation of the AuNPs coating combined metronidazole was interpreted. In summary, the developed coating is a potential surface treatment strategy that endows PEEK with enhanced osseointegration and antibacterial properties.

In intense field laser dressing of atoms, electrons follow the laser oscillation and undergo quiver motion just like free electrons but still weakly bound to the atomic core, thus forming a set of specific dressed states named Kramers–Henneberger (KH) states. For decades, it was widely believed that ground KH state hydrogen atoms in a circularly polarized laser field exhibit the symmetric structure of a perfect ring. But our study shows this is not a common structure because of the fact that KH atoms can only exist in intense laser fields which are practically focused laser beams. In focused laser field, KH state electrons have to experience the ponderomotive force, which might polarize the atom and reshape its structure. Only in a laser beam with small quiver amplitude and high frequency, can the symmetric circular structure be fully or partially preserved.

The current densities in nowadays electronic circuitry are close to the electromigration threshold that may result in the fracture of circuits due to electromigration, hampering further miniaturization of integrated chips. Flexible electronic devices, which use a flexible material instead of rigid silicon as a substrate, might be prone to fracture problems also due to obligatory mechanical deformation. However, finding the location of fractured nanogaps and in situ repairing such atomic‐scale fractured circuits are currently unavailable. To this end, a method is developed to in situ heal nanogaps as large as 20 nm between metallic electrodes on the polyimide (PI)‐covered substrate via voltage sweeping, which is typically employed to generate nanogaps rather than heal nanogaps. The reconnection of nanoelectrodes is realized only when the underneath PI is treated with oxygen plasma etching. Assisted by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, it is revealed that inductively coupled O2 plasma etching not only changes the surface topography but also changes the chemical binding structure of PI, which in return can be used to immobilize metal atoms migrating along the PI surface to gradually close the nanogap, providing an in situ self‐healing paradigm for repairing the atomic scale fractured circuits.

Speckle type BTB/POZ protein (SPOP) may have cancer promoting or inhibiting effects. At present, the role of SPOP in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has rarely been studied. In this study, to investigate the effects of SPOP in HCC and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of its relationship with genes, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were classified through RNA sequencing. The gene ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes functional pathway analysis were used to further predict the function of DEGs after the overexpression of SPOP. The biological function of SPOP-regulated alternative splicing events in cells is comprehensively assessed. The Cancer Genome Atlas database and Gene Expression Omnibus dataset were performed to evaluate the correlation between SPOP and HCC progression. Due to SPOP overexpression, 56 DEGs in the HCC related pathway were further identified. The results showed that SPOP overexpression facilitated the cell proliferation and changed the gene expression profiles of human normal hepatocytes. SPOP-regulated alternative splicing events were involved in pathways associated with cellular processes, metabolism, environmental information procession, organismal systems, and so on. In conclusion, SPOP may potentially exhibit tumor-promoting effects, necessitating further investigations to unveil its molecular mechanisms comprehensively.

Objective To investigate the frequency of P1PK and GLOB blood group in Chinese Lahu population and their genetic status, so as to provide data support for the safety of blood transfusion and give advice and transfusion guidance for pregnant women. Methods Unrelated individuals of Chinese Lahu population were randomly selected for serological identification of P1PK and P blood group and gene sequencing analysis. The frequency of P1PK and GLOB blood group were analyzed. Results Six cases of anti-PP 1Pk(formerly known as anti-Tja) negative blood type were identified as the rare P1-PK-P- blood type (formerly known as Tja- blood type or p blood type, hereinafter referred to as p blood group) from 300 Lahu population, with phenotypic frequency of p blood group in P1PK and GLOB blood group system in Lahu population at 2.0%(6/300). Conclusion The phenotypic frequency of blood group p in Lahu population was significantly higher than that in Europe (5.8 persons per million) and Hong Kong, China (1 person per million),indicating significant ethnic specificity and regional ethnic differences.

Abstract This work attempts to investigate the inhibitory effect of L-lysine (Lys) on the thermal aggregation of coconut protein (CP). The results showed that under neutral conditions (pH = 7), temperature reduced the solubility and enhanced the thermally induced gel formation of CP. In addition, Lys reduced the fluorescence properties, particle size and increased the turbidity of CP, which had an inhibitory effect on heat induced gels. The results indicate that Lys plays an important role in inhibiting protein thermal aggregation by interacting with CP to create steric hindrance and increase protein electrostatic repulsion.