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AbstractThis article analyzes the negative impact of cryptocurrency mining activities on the environment and analyzes the urgency of cryptocurrency mining policy to protect the environment. This analysis was carried out by conducting a comparative study of regulations in countries open to the development of cryptocurrency, including Indonesia, the United States, China, and Iran. The results of this comparison are used as material for constructing environmentally friendly cryptocurrency mining regulations to be implemented in various countries. This type of research is legal research. The research approaches are the statutory, comparative, and case approaches. Data was collected using the literature study method, and technical data analysis was carried out using a qualitative juridical method. The results of this research are how to prevent and combat the negative impacts of cryptocurrency mining activities on the environment, including implementing several policies including minimizing greenhouse gas emissions, ensuring reliable energy, encouraging transparency and increasing environmental performance, data search to understand, monitor, and reduce impact, enactment of energy efficiency standards, besides that it is necessary to implement transaction fees and carbon taxes for cryptocurrency mining.

AbstractThe rapid growth of the digital economy in Indonesia provides a positive trend for startups. The valuation of Indonesia’s digital economy is the highest in Southeast Asia. This paper aims to identify problems and legal issues regarding startups. This research also tries to formulate regulations that can support the development of startups in Indonesia. The data collection technique used is library research by examining books, journals, reports, and laws related to startups. The data analysis technique used is the legal norm method by analyzing laws and regulations related to startups. Based on the results of the research, it was found that startups in Indonesia still face various legal problems such as the absence of startup regulations and the complicated and lengthy startup licensing process. Based on these problems, it is recommended that Indonesia has regulations that specifically regulate startups. The regulation regulates the process of facilitating business licensing for startups, financial support and capital raising schemes. To overcome these problems, Indonesia needs to reformed regulations in the startup sector and apply the licensing concept through a risk-based approach.

Indonesia is the second largest food waste disposer after Saudi Arabia. The potential increase in waste and food waste is an essential issue for Indonesia, given the problem’s economic, social, and environmental implications. However, the implementation of the circular economy concept still faces various problems compared to Germany, Netherlands, and China.This paper aims to formulate an ideal policy to implement the circular economy concept through policy comparisons between countries especially to overcome the problem of food waste in Indonesia. This is legal politics research that takes a conceptual and comparative approach. A comparative study was conducted on circular economy policies relating to food waste in Indonesia, Germany, the Netherlands, and China. Data was collected through a literature study analyzing various circular economy regulations. According to the research findings, the Circular Economy Act has to be implemented in Germany, Netherlands, and China has been proven effective as a guideline and policy direction to provide solutions for the problems of waste and food waste. The Circular Economy Act serves as a guide and policy direction for the government, private sector, communities, and parties to address environmental issues and help realize sustainable development goals.

Digital payments are proliferating along with a massive and rapid digital transformation. However, the characteristics of transactions using digital payments, which are real-time, not face-to-face, and borderless create potential risks for financial crimes, including, Money Laundering and Funding Terrorism. The potential for abuse occurs in the registered and licensed digital payments sector and illegal digital payments that are not registered with the Bank Indonesia. Undoubtedly, this condition can threaten economic stability and financial system integrity. This article seeks to identify the potential for digital payment use for financial crime and construct a legal framework to prevent the misuse of FinTech for financial crime in Indonesia. This type of research is legal research. The research method used was a statutory comparative approach. The legal materials used were primary and secondary legal materials. The findings have been analyzed using qualitative data analysis techniques. The results of the study show that several cases of terrorism financing have been proven to have used FinTech digital payments as a means of online funding. In this regard, to maintain the integrity of the financial system and strengthen the government’s control functions, a comprehensive legal framework is needed through the establishment of Law on FinTech.

The present study seeks to analyze the functions of civil registration in poverty reduction and to identify various problems encountered in civil registration in Indonesia. This study was conducted by using an empirical law research. Primary data and legal materials are analyzed qualitatively with empirical juridical approach. The results conclude that civil registration yields demographic data that play a strategic role in the utilization of public services and development planning. Improving the quality of human life, either in the field of education, health or revenue requires demographic data as the policy focus. This gives implications that the basis of development program interventions in the three sectors refer to the aforementioned demographic data. Therefore, the use of demographic data and expansion of the coverage of ownership of demographic documents present as strategic steps for poverty reduction. However, the low attainment of document ownership in some regions and the limited number of civil registration apparatuses become an indicator of the absence of roles of demographic data in development. This has an impact on improperly targeted development planning. Several strategies that need to be implemented include: (1) Strengthening regulations at the regional level that regulate the utilization of demographic data in development planning; (2) establishing study program of civil registration law as an attempt of population-based development in Indonesia.