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Through our shared interest in articulating a knowledge base for teacher education, we believe a deeper examination of the "work" of teacher educators would contribute to a fuller understanding of who teacher educators are and the work they do. Recognizing how context and positionality influence conceptions of teacher education and with a desire to refine our own understandings of the work of teacher educators, we engaged in a collaborative self-study to examine the work of 12 university-based teacher educators in the United States. Through our analysis of one day in our work, we identified three key functions that transcend our positions and, at the same time, are essential, even core, aspects of the work that we enact daily. These functions of Design, Leadership and Advocacy are all framed by the educative purpose of the work of teacher educators. These functions are overlapping and highlight the movement and energy among the functions and collective purpose for teacher educator work. An underlying thread of connectivity, building and maintaining growth-oriented relationships through positionality, communication, and interaction weaves throughout the functions, and we found our community of practice developed throughout the collaborative self-study was a key aspect of connectivity and collaboration in our work as teacher educators. Identifying the key educative functions across our work enabled us to codify a shared language and challenge the assumption that there is no knowledge base in teacher education as an enterprise. We believe our examination of our work informs future inquiry into collective teacher educator practice.

Introduction To investigate whether biochemical and haematological changes due to the patient’s host response (CoLab algorithm) in combination with a SARS-CoV-2 viability PCR (v-PCR) can be used to determine when a patient with COVID-19 is no longer infectious.We hypothesise that the CoLab algorithm in combination with v-PCR can be used to determine whether or not a patient with COVID-19 is infectious to facilitate the safe release of patients with COVID-19 from isolation.Methods and analysis This study consists of three parts using three different cohorts of patients. All three cohorts contain clinical, vital and laboratory parameters, as well as logistic data related to isolated patients with COVID-19, with a focus on intensive care unit (ICU) stay. The first cohort will be used to develop an algorithm for the course of the biochemical and haematological changes of the host response of the COVID-19 patient. Simultaneously, a second prospective cohort will be used to investigate the algorithm derived in the first cohort, with daily measured laboratory parameters, next to conventional SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcriptase PCRs, as well as v-PCR, to confirm the presence of intact SARS-CoV-2 particles in the patient. Finally, a third multicentre cohort, consisting of retrospectively collected data from patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU, will be used to validate the algorithm.Ethics and dissemination This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee from Maastricht University Medical Centre+ (cohort I: 2020-1565/300523) and Zuyderland MC (cohorts II and III: METCZ20200057). All patients will be required to provide informed consent. Results from this study will be disseminated via peer-reviewed journals and congress/consortium presentations.

This essay by Dirck Roosevelt and Jim Garrison seeks to reclaim the lost soul of teaching by examining distortions wrought upon or threatening it by practice-based teacher education (PBTE) and like developments. The notion that teaching centers upon mastery of "core" practices understood as routinely skilled performance is inadequate to the almost intractable complexity of teaching. After critiquing PBTE and associated forces, especially the performance assessment edTPA™, Roosevelt and Garrison turn to John Dewey's notion of the teacher as "inspirer and director of soul-life." Among other important attributes involved in forming the soul of inspirational teaching, the authors discuss moral perception of the needs, desires, and interests of unique individuals participating in specific situations, and also moral imagination, which allows teachers to see beyond the actual to conceive better possibilities. Roosevelt and Garrison conclude with depictions of two student-teachers, one troubled by her inability to hear the souls of students and another experiencing the loss of his teaching soul.

Over the last half-century, the world’s human population has doubled, impacting almost all ocean and land areas. The threats facing primates in the wild have never been greater or more complex. Primatologists have long been aware of these threats and, since the 1970s, have coordinated efforts to safeguard these threatened species, through the International Union for Conservation of Nature Species Survival Commission (IUCN SSC) Primate Specialist Group (PSG). In an effort to stem the threat of extinction to primates, this group of now 700 experts+ has published 17 conservation action plans since 1977. As we look toward the next half-century, we take stock of the history of primate action planning to better understand the costs and benefits of these plans as a conservation tool. Here, we reviewed all plans published by the IUCN SSC PSG. In total, they described USD 246 million in planned primate conservation programming and were cited 1657 times by others. We found that half of the plans had been assessed in regard to their implementation, although these assessments were not standardized. Those that had been assessed, showed evidence of positive impacts on awareness raising, collaboration, fundraising, project implementation and policy, although the impact varied by plan. For example, three of the plans directly resulted in USD 15.92 million in funds raised; four plans quantified implementation rates, which ranged from 38% to 74% of actions partially or completely achieved 5 years after plan publication; and four plans attributed the gazettement of 19 protected areas across 11 countries as indirect successes following the publication of plans. Considered together, we reflect on the ‘return-on-investment’ for developing these plans and consider a range of ‘lessons learned’ for future primate action planning efforts.

Road weather conditions such as ice, snow, or heavy rain can have a significant impact on driver safety. In this paper, we present an approach to continuously monitor the road conditions in real time by equipping a fleet of vehicles with sensors. Based on the observed conditions, a physical road weather model is used to forecast the conditions for the following hours. This can be used to deliver timely warnings to drivers about potentially dangerous road conditions. To optimally process the large data volumes, we show how artificial intelligence is used to (1) calibrate the sensor measurements and (2) to retrieve relevant weather information from camera images. The output of the road weather model is compared to forecasts at road weather station locations to validate the approach.

Los policultivos juegan un papel importante en la biodiversidad de un agroecosistema, estos promueven servicios ecológicos tales como reciclaje de nutrientes, control biológico de plagas, enfermedades y arvenses, incremento en la producción de biomasa, conservación de suelos y agua, mejoramiento de calidad físico-química del suelo, reducción de la toxicidad al evitar o disminuir el uso de pesticidas. El estudio se realizó en el municipio Tisma, Masaya en la finca “El Chagüite” en los meses de Septiembre a Noviembre del 2014, con el objetivo de estudiar el efecto de dos sistemas de siembra, cultivo puro y policultivo, sobre la ocurrencia poblacional de artrópodos plagas y benéficos e incidencia poblacional del ataque del ácaro blanco en el cultivo de chiltoma. Para el desarrollo de la investigación se establecieron cuatro parcelas, una con el arreglo en policultivos (chiltoma, maíz, tomate, yuca y quequisque) y los restantes se establecieron con cultivo puro de chiltoma, maíz y tomate. Las variables evaluadas semanalmente fueron la ocurrencia poblacional de artrópodos plagas y benéficos, ocurrencia del ácaro blanco y el rendimiento obtenido en los cultivos de chiltoma, maíz y tomate para el análisis del uso equivalente de la tierra (UET). En general se observó una tendencia de menor ocurrencia de plagas, menor densidad poblacional de ácaro blanco, mayor densidad poblacional de artrópodos benéficos y un mejor aprovechamiento de la tierra por unidad de área en el sistema de siembra de policultivo.

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a species-specific virus that establishes a persistent/latent infection in CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). The ability of HCMV to reactivate from latency is exquisitely linked to changes in cell signaling, which result in HPC differentiation. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is tightly linked to CD34+ HPC homeostasis and differentiation. The majority of the viral and cellular factors involved in the maintenance of HCMV latency and reactivation are still unknown. Our group previously discovered a viral hematopoietic cytokine (pUL7) that promotes cellular differentiation and viral reactivation. Here, we show that the UL7-related RL11 family member UL8 is also required for efficient viral reactivation in CD34+ HPCs by interacting with components of the (Wnt)/β-catenin pathway. Pull-down experiments demonstrate that UL8 and β-catenin interact with Dishevelled-2 (DVL2) through their PDZ-binding domains, and this interaction promotes β-catenin stabilization and transcriptional activation. Disrupting the interaction among UL8, β-catenin, and DVL2 blocks HCMV reactivation in vitro and in vivo, similar to deletion of UL8. This is the first observation that Wnt signaling components are essential for HCMV reactivation, unlike α- and γ-herpesvirus that require an active Wnt pathway to maintain latency. Detailed understanding of how the Wnt network is manipulated by herpesviruses will improve our ability to develop targeted therapeutics. IMPORTANCE CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) are an important cellular reservoir for latent human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). Several HCMV genes are expressed during latency that are involved with the maintenance of the viral genome in CD34+ HPC. However, little is known about the process of viral reactivation in these cells. Here, we describe a viral protein, pUL8, and its interaction and stabilization with members of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway as an important component of viral reactivation. We further define that pUL8 and β-catenin interact with DVL2 via a PDZ-binding domain, and loss of UL8 interaction with β-catenin-DVL2 restricts viral reactivation. Our findings will be instrumental in understanding the molecular processes involved in HCMV reactivation in order to design new antiviral therapeutics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We demonstrate the use of a motorized distal scanning endoscope to acquire in vivo data in lungs of severe-asthma patients before and after an asthma treatment procedure called bronchial thermoplasty. Conventional optical coherence tomography (OCT) intensity images and polarisation sensitive OCT images were extracted from the acquired data. PS-OCT endoscopy allowing the visualization and segmentation of airway smooth muscle layer - which plays a key role in bronchoconstriction during asthma attacks - showed its potential as means to evaluate the effectiveness of bronchial thermoplasty.

Prospective teachers are often found to have difficulty focusing their attention on students in sustained and constructive ways. Instead, in what is sometimes understood as a developmental matter, beginners may seem highly concerned with their own feelings and needs. This article offers a contrary finding. It examines two cases of prospective teachers' provision of sustained, generative attention not to self, but to other--to the child. An enabling structure appears to be "Child Study." Drawing on Dewey and Benjamin, the "aesthetic impulse" is offered as an analytic construct useful in understanding how this pedagogical focus on the other may be elicited. (Contains 10 footnotes.)

Nucleosides with a norbornane fragment as sugar moiety (Figure 1) were found to have antiviral and anticancer activity [1]. [...]

Abraham Lincoln was the most experienced trial lawyer Americans have ever placed in the White House. While more than half of the United State's presidents have been attorneys, none possessed Lincoln's extensive courtroom experience: approximately 3,800 known cases, litigated during a quarter century at the Illinois bar. However, the law's influence on Lincoln extended far beyond the mere number of cases he litigated. It was his only steady source of income; it gave him important political contacts within the state's bench and bar; and it was the means by which he met an extraordinary number of his constituents. This article traces the life of Lincoln as an American lawyer. A teaching activity that allows students to draw tangible connections between the duties and dispositions of lawyers and presidents is presented. (Contains 3 resources and 16 notes.)

During 2000–2013, 4 genotypes of bluetongue virus (BTV) were detected in Corsica, France. At the end of 2013, a compulsory BTV-1 vaccination campaign was initiated among domestic ruminants; biological samples from goats were tested as part of a corresponding monitoring program. A BTV strain with nucleotide sequences suggestive of a novel serotype was detected.

In this article, the authors explore the ideas that revolve around improving the quality of the teacher workforce through the pursuit of two related goals: (1) teachers who are hired by school districts will have as beginning professionals the acquired knowledge, habits of mind, and skills necessary to meet the needs of the students within the particular contexts of the schools in which they teach; and (2) teachers will have dispositions and ways of thinking that will allow them to continue to develop their understandings and skills such that they continually improve their practice. The authors discuss two types of approaches to meeting these goals: (1) regulatory; and (2) educative. The authors also discuss the fundamental considerations of the nature of good and effective teaching. They then place their discussion within the policy context of teaching and teacher education and describe how that context has changed over the last number of years. They follow this with descriptions of the various forms of regulatory activities and types of preservice teacher education, and an account of recent research on certification and the effects of teacher preparation. Finally, they present their conclusions on the topic. (Contains 23 notes.)

Objetivos: Determinar la frecuencia de los diagnósticos por especialidad en consulta externa de medicina general y describir los diagnósticos más frecuentemente realizados dentro de la especialidad de otorrinolaringología. Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Se determinó la frecuencia de diagnósticos por especialidad y dentro de la especialidad de otorrinolaringología realizados en un consultorio de medicina general entre los meses de junio y setiembre del 2002. Los diagnósticos fueron consignados según la codificación internacional (CIE-10). Resultados: Durante este período se realizaron 2,116 consultas con 2,499 diagnósticos. La edad promedio fue 29.85 + 17.11 años. 852 consultas (40%) se realizaron en varones y 1,264 (60%) en mujeres. Del total de diagnósticos realizados, 1,226 (49%) correspondieron a afecciones otorrinolaringológicas, 219 (8.8%) a problemas gastrointestinales, 189 (7.6%) a problemas neumológicos, 170 (6.8%) reumatológicos y 163 (6.5%) infecciones generales. Los diagnósticos dentro de la especialidad de otorrinolaringología fueron en orden de frecuencia 405 (33%) casos de rinofaringitis aguda, 361 (29.4%) de faringitis aguda y 358 (29.2%) de amigdalitis aguda. Conclusiones: Las afecciones otorrinolaringológicas correspondieron a la primera causa de consulta para el médico general en un centro de salud de la Sanidad de la Fuerza Aérea del Perú. Esto puede ser extrapolado a los demás centros de salud. Es por ello que la formación médica debería estar más orientada a este tipo de patología. : Determinar la frecuencia de los diagnósticos por especialidad en consulta externa de medicina general y describir los diagnósticos más frecuentemente realizados dentro de la especialidad de otorrinolaringología. Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Se determinó la frecuencia de diagnósticos por especialidad y dentro de la especialidad de otorrinolaringología realizados en un consultorio de medicina general entre los meses de junio y setiembre del 2002. Los diagnósticos fueron consignados según la codificación internacional (CIE-10). Resultados: Durante este período se realizaron 2,116 consultas con 2,499 diagnósticos. La edad promedio fue 29.85 + 17.11 años. 852 consultas (40%) se realizaron en varones y 1,264 (60%) en mujeres. Del total de diagnósticos realizados, 1,226 (49%) correspondieron a afecciones otorrinolaringológicas, 219 (8.8%) a problemas gastrointestinales, 189 (7.6%) a problemas neumológicos, 170 (6.8%) reumatológicos y 163 (6.5%) infecciones generales. Los diagnósticos dentro de la especialidad de otorrinolaringología fueron en orden de frecuencia 405 (33%) casos de rinofaringitis aguda, 361 (29.4%) de faringitis aguda y 358 (29.2%) de amigdalitis aguda. Conclusiones: Las afecciones otorrinolaringológicas correspondieron a la primera causa de consulta para el médico general en un centro de salud de la Sanidad de la Fuerza Aérea del Perú. Esto puede ser extrapolado a los demás centros de salud. Es por ello que la formación médica debería estar más orientada a este tipo de patología. (Rev Med Hered 2003; 14: 163-166).

Objetivo: Conocer la tasa de mortalidad perinatal en el Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins y sus características. Materiales y Métodos: El estudio comprendió la revisión de todas las historias clínicas de gestantes portadoras de óbito fetal (mayor de 28 semanas de gestación o mayor de 1000gramos), de recién nacidos que fallecieron dentro de los primeros 7 días de vida y de sus madres durante el año 2000. Resultados: La tasa de mortalidad perinatal fue de 10.5 por mil nacidos vivos. La edad promedio materna fue de 31.6 años, + 5.9 y un rango entre 14 y 44 años. El 30.1% de partos correspondió a nulíparas, el 61.6% a multíparas y el 8.3% a gran multíparas. El promedio de visitas al control prenatal fue de 4.8 + 2.7. El 53.4% de las madres tuvo algún antecedente relacionado a mala historia obstétrica, siendo los más frecuentes historia de aborto previo (27.4%), cesárea anterior (13.7%) y pre eclampsia (12.3%). Las causas asociadas a mortalidad perinatal fueron madres con pre eclampsia severa (38.4%) y hemorragia en el tercer trimestre (15.1%) y fetos con malformaciones congénitas severas (27.4%). La vía de parto fue abdominal en 68.5% y vaginal en 31.5%. Se tuvo 83.6% de gestaciones únicas y 16.4% de gestaciones múltiples. El peso de los productos fue 1985.2 + 945.8 gramos. El 61.6% de muertes perinatales correspondieron a prematuros. Conclusiones:La tasa de mortalidad neonatal en el HNERM durante el año 2000 fue de 10.5 por mil nacidos vivos y los factores relacionados a mortalidad perinatal fueron pre-eclampsia severa, malformaciones congénitas severas y hemorragias del tercer trimestre. ( Rev Med Hered 2003; 14: 117-121).

Lincoln's Political Thought. By George Kateb. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2015. Pp. xiv, 218, bibliography, index. Cloth, $24.95.) While Abraham Lincoln is routinely praised as a brilliant politician, he [...]

Over the last half-century, the world's human population has doubled, impacting almost all ocean and land areas. The threats facing primates in the wild have never been greater or more complex. Primatologists have long been aware of these threats and, since the 1970s, have coordinated efforts to safeguard these threatened species, through the International Union for Conservation of Nature Species Survival Commission (IUCN SSC) Primate Specialist Group (PSG). In an effort to stem the threat of extinction to primates, this group of now 700 experts+ has published 17 conservation action plans since 1977. As we look toward the next half-century, we take stock of the history of primate action planning to better understand the costs and benefits of these plans as a conservation tool. Here, we reviewed all plans published by the IUCN SSC PSG. In total, they described USD 246 million in planned primate conservation programming and were cited 1657 times by others. We found that half of the plans had been assessed in regard to their implementation, although these assessments were not standardized. Those that had been assessed, showed evidence of positive impacts on awareness raising, collaboration, fundraising, project implementation and policy, although the impact varied by plan. For example, three of the plans directly resulted in USD 15.92 million in funds raised; four plans quantified implementation rates, which ranged from 38% to 74% of actions partially or completely achieved 5 years after plan publication; and four plans attributed the gazettement of 19 protected areas across 11 countries as indirect successes following the publication of plans. Considered together, we reflect on the 'return-on-investment' for developing these plans and consider a range of 'lessons learned' for future primate action planning efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]