Search

У даній статті представлені результати практичного порівняння двох методів знаходження фізичних параметрів електродинамічного перетворювача. Перший – класичний метод за допомогою доданої маси. Другий – запропонований метод оснований на використанні параметра BL. Розглянуті переваги та недоліки кожного з двох методів, а також похибки знайдених параметрів та їхня обґрунтованість.

Rianne M Blom,1 Nienke C Vulink,1 Sija J van der Wal,1 Takashi Nakamae,1–3 Zhonglin Tan,1,4 Eske M Derks,1 Damiaan Denys1,5 1Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; 2Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 3Department of Neural Computation for Decision-Making, ATR Brain Information Communication Research Laboratory Group, Kyoto, Japan; 4Department of Psychiatry, Hangzhou Mental Health Center, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 5Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Abstract: Body integrity identity disorder (BIID) is a condition in which people do not perceive a part of their body as their own, which results in a strong desire for amputation or paralyzation. The disorder is likely to be congenital due to its very early onset. The English literature describes only Western patients with BIID, suggesting that the disorder might be merely prevalent in the West. To scrutinize this assumption, and to extend our knowledge of the etiology of BIID, it is important to trace cases with BIID in non-Western populations. Our objective was to review Chinese and Japanese literature on BIID to learn about its presence in populations with a different genetic background. A systematic literature search was performed in databases containing Japanese and Chinese research, published in the respective languages. Five Japanese articles of BIID were identified which described two cases of BIID, whereas in the Chinese databases only BIID-related conditions were found. This article reports some preliminary evidence that BIID is also present in non-Western countries. However, making general statements about the biological background of the disorder is hampered by the extremely low number of cases found. This low number possibly resulted from the extreme secrecy associated with the disorder, perhaps even more so in Asian countries. Keywords: amputation, cross-cultural comparison, apotemnophilia, treatment, phenomenology, genetics

Background: Individuals with serious mental illness have a markedly shorter life expectancy. A major contributor to premature death is cardiovascular disease (CVD). We investigated associations of (genetic liability for) depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia with a range of CVD traits and examined to what degree these were driven by important confounders. Methods: We included participants of the Dutch Lifelines cohort (N = 147 337) with information on self-reported lifetime diagnosis of depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, or schizophrenia and CVD traits. Employing linear mixed-effects models, we examined associations between mental illness diagnoses and CVD, correcting for psychotropic medication, demographic and lifestyle factors. In a subsample (N = 73 965), we repeated these analyses using polygenic scores (PGSs) for the three mental illnesses. Results: There was strong evidence that depressive disorder diagnosis is associated with increased arrhythmia and atherosclerosis risk and lower heart rate variability, even after confounder adjustment. Positive associations were also found for the depression PGSs with arrhythmia and atherosclerosis. Bipolar disorder was associated with a higher risk of nearly all CVD traits, though most diminished after adjustment. The bipolar disorder PGSs did not show any associations. While the schizophrenia PGSs was associated with increased arrhythmia risk and lower heart rate variability, schizophrenia diagnosis was not. All mental illness diagnoses were associated with lower blood pressure and a lower risk of hypertension. Conclusions: Our study shows widespread associations of (genetic liability to) mental illness (primarily depressive disorder) with CVD, even after confounder adjustment. Future research should focus on clarifying potential causal pathways between mental illness and CVD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract We present a comprehensive analysis of quasinormal modes (QNMs) for noncommutative geometry-inspired Schwarzschild black holes, encompassing both non-extreme and extreme cases. By employing a spectral method, we calculate the QNMs in the context of scalar, electromagnetic, and gravitational perturbations. Our findings not only challenge previous claims in the literature regarding the instability of these black holes but also reveal remarkable stability for both non-extreme and extreme Schwarzschild black holes under various perturbations.

Considering the growing demand for plant trait data and taking into account the lack of trait data from Eastern Europe, especially from its steppic region, we launched a new Ukrainian Plant Trait Database (UkrTrait v. 1.0) aiming at collecting all the available plant trait data from Ukraine.To facilitate further use of this database, we linked the trait terminology to the TRY Plant Trait Database, Thesaurus of Plant Characteristics (TOP) and Plant Trait Ontology (TO). For taxa names, we provide the crosswalks between the Ukrainian checklist and international sources, i.e. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (World Checklist of Vascular Plants (World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP), World Flora Online (WFO) and Euro+Med PlantBase. We aim to integrate our data into the relevant global (TRY Plant Trait Database) and pan-European (FloraVeg.EU) databases. The current version of the database is freely available at the Zenodo repository and will be updated in the future.Until now, plant traits for the Ukrainian flora were scattered across literature, often focusing on single species and written mainly in Ukrainian. Additionally, many traits were in grey literature or remained non-digitised, which rendered them inaccessible to the global scientific community. Addressing this gap, our Ukrainian Plant Trait Database (UkrTrait v. 1.0) represents a significant step forward. We compiled and digitised plant traits from local Ukrainian literature sources. Furthermore, we performed our own field and laboratory measurements of various plant traits that were not previously available in literature. In the current version of the UkrTrait, we focus on vascular plant species that are absent from the other European trait databases, with emphasis on species that are representative for the steppe vegetation. Traits assembled from literature include life span (annuals, biennials, perennials), plant height, flowering period (flowering months), life form (by Raunkiaer), plant growth form and others. Our own measured traits include seed mass, seed shape, leaf area, leaf nitrogen concentration and leaf phosphorus concentration. The current version, i.e. UkrTrait v. 1.0, comprises digitised literature data of 287,948 records of 75 traits for 6,198 taxa and our own trait measurements of 2,390 records of 12 traits for 388 taxa.

This commentary examines the resilience of primary health care in Ukraine amidst the ongoing war, drawing a few reflections relevant for other fragile and conflict-affected situations. Using personal observations and various published and unpublished reports, this article outlines five reflections on the strengths, challenges, and necessary adaptations of Primary Health Care (PHC) in Ukraine. It underscores the concerted efforts of the government to maintain public financing of PHC, thereby averting system collapse. The research also highlights the role of strategic adaptations during the COVID-19 pandemic in fostering resilience during the war, including the widespread use of digital communication and skills training. The commentary emphasizes the role of managerial and financial autonomy in facilitating quick and efficient organizational response to crisis. It also recognizes emerging challenges, including better access to PHC services among the internally displaced persons, shifting patient profiles and service needs, and challenges related to reliance on local government financing. Finally, the authors advocate for a coordinated approach in humanitarian response, recovery efforts, and development programs to ensure the sustainability and effectiveness of PHC in Ukraine.

Mastitis is considered the most common and problematic disease, resulting in significant economic losses due to reduced milk yields, reduced quantity and quality of milk, treatment costs, and premature culling of animals. One of the traditional methods of treating mastitis in cows is using antibiotics, which leads to the emergence of polyresistant strains of microorganisms, the so-called Superbugs. The emergence of Superbugs, which are not sensitive to most existing antibiotics, is a major concern in veterinary and humane medicine. This study aimed to identify pathogens isolated from the secretion of the mammary gland of cows with mastitis to determine their spread and sensitivity to antibiotics. The samples of secretion from the udder were examined by bacteriological method. The isolates were identified by conventional methods and by the modern method – mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The sensitivity of the bacterial isolates to antibiotics was determined by the disc diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer). The results of studies of cow mammary gland secretion samples indicate that 49.2% of the isolates are contagious, and 50.8% are environmental ones. The most common among the isolates of mastitis-causing pathogens were Streptoccocus аgalactiae – 16.9%, Streptococcus uberis – 10.9%, Staphylococcus aureus – 10.7%, E. Coli – 9.6%, Corynebacterium bovis – 7.3%, Staphylococcus haemolyticus – 4.8%, Staphylococcus chromogenes – 3.6%, Streptococcus dysgalactiae – 3.4%. Mastitis is caused by algae and yeast – 1% of all detected pathogens, respectively. According to the results of the determination of the sensitivity of isolates of mastitis-causing pathogens to antibiotics, it was found that most isolates were sensitive to Amoxicillin, Ceftiofur, and Rifampicin, and least of them – to Neomycin, Tylosin, Tilmicosin, Bacitracin.

The subject of the study is the conceptual, theoretical, methodological and applied legal and economic principles of the nature and significance of civil law and labour contracts in public life. Methodology. The research is based on general scientific and special legal methods. The analysis helped to determine the quantitative and qualitative parameters which characterise civil law and employment contract as socio-economic and legal phenomena in modern society. The synthesis provided for the formation of common and distinctive features inherent in civil law and employment contract in modern society. With the help of the comparative legal method it was possible to distinguish the characteristic features of the civil law and labour contract in the economic sphere and the legal consolidation of the above categories in modern international and national legislation on the basis of the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the corresponding origin. The formal-legal method created the conditions for the formulation of conclusions on the effectiveness of the normative consolidation of the principle of freedom of contract within the limits of civil and labour legislation and for the determination of relevant regulatory proposals. The purpose of the article is to define the essence and significance of civil law and employment contracts in the economic and legal sphere. The results of the study show that the state of legal regulation of temporal restrictions on the exercise of private rights in Ukraine on the way to economic integration creates preconditions for its modernisation in terms of both general and special legal provisions. Conclusion. Contractual relations are one of the most important driving forces of civil turnover, as they mediate the movement of a number of non-property and property goods within civil and economic turnover. Based on the study of statistical data, it has been established that the civil law contract, together with the labour contract, creates conditions for the development of economic processes in quantitative and qualitative components due to its involvement as a means of moving material and immaterial goods in civil and economic turnover. At the same time, a civil law contract, due to its wide variability and direct involvement in certain economic processes, creates more important prerequisites for progress in the economic space, which is manifested in new types and forms of contracts of this type. The labour contract in its component aims, first of all, from the position considered, to ensure the social component in the implementation of the content of the right to work by guaranteeing certain social, including economic, standards. This is why, unlike civil law, labour law influences the economy of the country indirectly and with a much smaller specific weight. In the legal sphere, research into the legal nature and scope of contractual constructs in the civil and labour spheres testifies to the weight of the principle of freedom of contract, which, on the one hand, is established within the limits of civil legislation and, on the other, creates the conditions for the implementation of another, broader principle of freedom of work, which is based on the right of the individual to freedom of work as a natural and inalienable human right. The article points to the possibility of extending the principle of freedom of contract, along with civil law relations, to other related relations, primarily labour relations. Where the manifestation of the content of such a principle is the right holder's authorisation to behave in one of the following ways: 1) procedural (conclusion, amendment, termination of the contract); 2) selection of a counterparty; 3) determination of terms and conditions; 4) determination of the contract content.

Empirical evidence and clinical observations suggest a strong -yet under acknowledged-link between anorexia nervosa (AN) and non-suicidal self-injurious behavior (NSSI). By reviewing the literature on the psychopathology and neurobiology of AN and NSSI, we shed light on their relationship. Both AN and NSSI are characterized by disturbances in affect regulation, dysregulation of the reward circuitry and the opioid system. By formulating a reward-centered hypothesis, we explain the overlap between AN and NSSI. We propose three approaches understanding the relationship between AN and NSSI, which integrate psychopathology and neurobiology from the perspective of self-destructiveness: (1) a nosographical approach, (2) a research domain (RDoC) approach and (3) a network analysis approach. These approaches will enhance our knowledge of the underlying neurobiological substrates and may provide groundwork for the development of new treatment options for disorders of self-destructiveness, like AN and NSSI. In conclusion, we hypothesize that self-destructiveness is a new, DSM-5-transcending concept or psychopathological entity that is reward-driven, and that both AN and NSSI could be conceptualized as disorders of self-destructiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present the irreversibility generated by a stationary cavity magnomechanical system composed of a yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere with a diameter of a few hundred micrometers inside a microwave cavity. In this system, the magnons, i.e., collective spin excitations in the sphere, are coupled to the cavity photon mode via magnetic dipole interaction and to the phonon mode via magnetostrictive force (optomechanical-like). We employ the quantum phase-space formulation of the entropy change to evaluate the steady-state entropy production rate and associated quantum correlation in the system. We find that the behavior of the entropy flow between the cavity photon mode and the phonon mode is determined by the magnon-photon coupling and the cavity photon dissipation rate. Interestingly, the entropy production rate can increase/decrease depending on the strength of the magnon-photon coupling and the detuning parameters. We further show that the amount of correlations between the magnon and phonon modes is linked to the irreversibility generated in the system for small magnon-photon coupling. Our results demonstrate the possibility of exploring irreversibility in driven magnon-based hybrid quantum systems and open a promising route for quantum thermal applications.

The route to chaos and the phase dynamics of the large scales in a rotating shallow-water model have been rigorously examined through the construction of an autonomous five-mode Galerkin truncated system employing complex variables, useful in investigating how large/meso-scales are destabilized and how their dynamics evolves and transits to chaos. This investigation revealed two distinct transitions into chaotic behaviour as the level of energy introduced into the system was incrementally increased. The initial transition manifests through a succession of bifurcations that adhere to the established Feigenbaum sequence. Conversely, the subsequent transition, which emerges at elevated levels of injected energy, is marked by a pronounced shift from quasi-periodic states to chaotic regimes. The genesis of the first chaotic state is predominantly attributed to the preeminence of inertial forces in governing nonlinear interactions. The second chaotic state, however, arises from the augmented significance of free surface elevation in the dynamical process. A novel reformulation of the system, employing phase and amplitude representations for each truncated variable, elucidated that the phase components present a temporal piece-wise locking behaviour by maintaining a constant value for a protracted interval, preceding an abrupt transition characterised by a simple rotation of ±π, even as the amplitudes display chaotic behaviour. It was observed that the duration of phase stability diminishes with an increase in injected energy, culminating in the onset of chaos within the phase components at high energy levels. This phenomenon is attributed to the nonlinear term of the equations, wherein the phase components are introduced through linear combinations of triads encompassing disparate modes. When the locking durations vary across modes, the resultant dynamics is a stochastic interplay of multiple π phase shifts, generating a stochastic dynamic within the coupled phase triads, observable even at minimal energy injections.

The object of research is the process of dewatering oil emulsions by using a hydrocyclone with forced flow rotation taking into account rheological properties. The problem solved in the work is related to production, primary preparation and transportation of oils. The process of oil extraction is accompanied by saturation of the product with water, salts, mechanical particles and light fractions, which requires primary preparation of oil through multi-stage, sometimes long-term, low-productivity processing in order to separate the above-mentioned components. The water content of some deposits, especially marine deposits, is 80%, which makes the process of oil dehydration particularly important for preparing oil for transportation. Among the known methods of dewatering oil emulsions, such as settling, heat treatment, chemical treatment, electrodehydration and centrifugation, the last one allows to significantly influence the separation processes. The essence of the centrifugation process, consists in increasing the rotational speed of the particles of the dispersed phase by replacing the natural force of gravity with a more powerful centrifugal force. The density of water and mechanical impurities is higher than the density of oil, and particles under the action of centrifugal force are pressed against the wall and, coagulating, are removed through the flow separator. In the course of the work, the main regularities of the process were determinedcentrifugation, namely the rate of sedimentation of the water fraction from the rheological parameters of the emulsion and the kinematic characteristics of the hydrocyclone with forced rotation of the flow. It was established that the dependence of the volume of the water fraction of the oil emulsion is a power function of the second order, and the rate is linear. The settling of a water particle has a linear dependence on the size of the particle. Speed The set speed of settling of water particles of an oil emulsion allows you to calculate the length of the turbine depending on the required performance, speed of rotation and rheological properties. The developed theoretical provisions of the process of dewatering oil emulsions by using a hydrocyclone with forced rotation of the flow, taking into account the rheological properties, allow designing machines of this type for various conditions of oil production.

Introduction. The purpose of the study is the analysis of the concept of mental violence in criminal law and the selection of its subjective and objective signs. Summary of the main results of the study. It was determined that mental violence is a complex criminal-legal category, which is distinguished from others by signs that indicate the possible hidden nature of the actions that characterize it. , which can be divided into three groups: those who believe that mental violence is not an independent criminal legal category; those who believe that mental violence cannot exist independently of physical violence and usually, mental violence turns into physical violence; those who believe that mental violence is an independent legal category and can exist independently of physical violence. It is argued that physical violence exists separately from physical violence and the only thing they have in common is that these concepts are components of the concept of violence as such. Conclusions. Mental violence in criminal law is characterized by a number of objective and subjective signs, which makes it possible to define the latter as an independent criminal law category, which can be classified as: a socially dangerous act; illegality; the object of encroachment is the psyche and mental processes of a person or group of persons; intentionality; is carried out against, against or against the will of such persons; the goal of mental violence is the desired result that is formed in the mind of the person who commits mental violence, seeking to realize his socially dangerous intention by subduing the will or suppressing the will, the ability to freely express himself; is committed from hostile, instrumental or negativist motives; its use causes or may cause mental or physical harm.

Responding to the need of a growing community of students and researchers who want to get involved in the field of electrochemical storage systems, NEOLAB offers a new tool dedicated to a modeling domain where almost no open-source solutions exist. Physics-based models of batteries require extensive knowledge in thermodynamics, electro-chemistry, mathematics, material and computer sciences. Based on the idea that a minimum working example is the best way to learn gradually how to model a battery, NEOLAB provides a solution to simulate the behavior of the negative electrode of lead-acid batteries and a framework to investigate other primary and secondary technologies.

Introduction. The article analyzes the category of violence in the criminal offense provided for in Article 153 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine in view of the changes introduced in 2017 and its modern significance for the qualification of such an offense. Including, the place of violence when committing any violent acts of a sexual nature is determined. The purpose of the research is to analyze the use of violence in the commission of a criminal offense provided for in Article 153 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. Research methods that were used: analysis and synthesis, comparative legal and statistical methods. Summary of the main results of the study. The statistics of detected criminal offenses provided for by Art. 153 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine from 2017 to 2022, characterized by a moderate decrease in the number of such acts. It was determined that the wording of Art. 153 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine until 2017 was characterized by a morally outdated phrase that was devoid of legal certainty. Despite the numerous comments of the scientific community regarding the new content of the criminal offense - sexual violence, the author identifies the positive aspects of the new version of the article. In particular, the replacement of the outdated construction of «violent satisfaction of sexual passion in an unnatural way» by «any violent acts of a sexual nature» criminalizes a much larger number of acts. Conclusions. Judicial practice confirms that committing violent acts of a sexual nature, including the use of physical and/or mental violence against the victim. Taking into account the existence of different meanings of sexual violence in accordance with the provisions of the Criminal Code of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine «On Prevention of Domestic Violence», there is a need to change the title of Art. 153 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine on «violent acts of a sexual nature without penetration into the body of a person».

Wild boar population (Sus scrofa) has been growing rapidly in most countries of the world over the past decades. The invasive species has high reproduction rates and well-developed adaptive responses, which allows it to successfully expand the boundaries of its habitat, create significant economic losses to agriculture and horticulture, urban ecosystems, and threatens the loss of biological diversity and the spread of zoonotic infections. The purpose of the paper was to analyse the factors that contribute to the expansion of the Sus scrofa species in the world, to determine the ecological mechanisms of population regulation against the background of rapid anthropogenic transformation of the habitat and global climatic anomalies; to assess changes in the dynamics of population size in hunting farms of Ukraine for the period from 2010 to 2020 in the Chernihivska oblast, in particular. Conventional methods of retrospective analysis, synthesis, environmental, general biological, and epizootic research were used. The paper analyses the world experience and identifies the main factors of low effectiveness of strategies for controlling the rapidly growing population of wild boar in agroecosystems, mixed forest and urban ecosystems. Due to the unique features of forming a life strategy, the Sus scrofa species demonstrate successful development, expansion of the range of available food resources, effective use of daily diversification of ecological niches in the conditions of transformed ecosystems, etc. It is established that the reason for the inefficiency of ecological mechanisms of pressure on the population of the species in the "predator-prey" system is the absence of large predators in the forest ecosystems of Chernihivska oblast. At the same time, the absence of deterrent mechanisms in the predator-prey system ensured the manifestation of next-level mechanisms, namely, the appearance of foci of African swine fever along the forest cycle in the natural biocenoses of the region. Response – the response of populations was manifested by a rapid short-term decrease in the population of Sus scrofa, as a temporary deterrent effect with a subsequent recovery trend. The results obtained can be used in the development of practical recommendations for biological monitoring, environmental control, and the development of effective forest management measures to prevent biological safety associated with the uncontrolled distribution of Sus scrofa and African swine fever based on universal ecological mechanisms of population regulation