Search

Abstract Uranium is a highly radioactive heavy metal that is toxic to living things. In this study, physiological, cytogenetic, biochemical and anatomical toxicity caused by uranium and the protective role of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) leaf extract against this toxicity were investigated with the help of Allium test. Germination percentage, root length, weight gain, mitotic index (MI), micronucleus (MN) formation, chromosomal aberrations (CAs), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and changes in root meristem cells were used as indicators of toxicity. In the experimental stage, a total of six groups, one of which was the control, were formed. Group I was treated with tap water, while group II and III were treated only with sage (190 mg/L and 380 mg/L). Groups IV, V and VI were germinated with uranyl acetate dihydrate (0.1 mg/mL), uranyl acetate dihydrate + 190 mg/L sage and uranyl acetate dihydrate + 380 mg/L sage, respectively. Allium cepa L. bulbs of each group were germinated for 72 h, and at the end of the period, routine preparation techniques were applied and physiological, cytogenetic, biochemical and anatomical analyzes were performed. As a result, uranium application caused a significant decrease (p

Simultaneous dislocation of the thumb carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joints is an uncommon injury. Stability is the most important factor in the decision of treatment in these rare injuries. The treatment methods range from closed reduction and maintaining reduction with cast or percutaneous k-wires to complex reconstruction surgeries. In this paper, a case of 28-year-old female with complete dislocation of the left thumb metacarpal has been reported. She was treated with closed reduction and cast immobilization with excellent result. Treatment decision should be based on postreduction stability in complete dislocation of thumb metacarpal; cast immobilization is a management option in case of stable reduction.

Retained foreign bodies inside the soft tissue following penetrating injuries are common. Late onset of symptoms and complications are possible in these cases. In the present report, we present a case of late flexor digitorum profundus irritation and pseudotumour formation caused by a retained glass piece 10 years after the injury. Pseudotumour is formed by reaction to the retained material as an enlarged portion of tissue that resembles a tumour. The complaints were completely improved soon after removal of the foreign material. Retained soft tissue foreign bodies should be suspected in differential diagnosis of soft tissue masses. History of a penetrating trauma should be questioned persistently. The authors recommend the removal of retained foreign bodies with sharp edges to avoid further injury to the surrounding anatomical structures.

Ganglion cyst is the most common soft tissue mass of the wrist. Diagnosis is made by physical examination. Ultrasonography is used for diagnosis of occult ganglions. Cosmetic appearence and annoying pain are the most common complains of the patient with a wrist ganglion. It is a benign lesion and most of the time it regresses spontaneously or is treated with simple strategies. On the other hand, dorsal wrist ganglions could be misleading in diagnosis of underlying more serious pathologies. Traumatic bone or ligament injuries, benign bone tumours, inflammatory arthropathies, ulnar impaction syndrome, Kienböck’s disease and many other pathologies may have the similar symptoms with the wrist ganglion. Physicians should be suspicious in case of debilitating progressive symptoms. Ultrasonography is not diagnostic for most of the possible underlying diseases so further evaluation should be done with radiography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). We report a case of 21-year-old man with severe right wrist pain and dorsal wrist ganglion, diagnosed with Kienböck’s disease seven months after the beginning of symptoms.

In this paper, we report a pregnant woman with a missed capitellar fracture of the elbow, who was treated successfully with open reduction and internal fixation using two headless screws. A 29-year-old 6-month pregnant woman presented to the emergency department due to a history of falling on her outstretched hand. A long-arm splint was applied without radiological evaluation due to pregnancy. She came to the orthopaedics and traumatology outpatient clinic 6 weeks after trauma and her examination after splint removal revealed pain and restriction in the elbow joint movements. Radiography was taken by using a lead shield in order to protect the fetus. Radiographs showed a displaced osteochondral capitellar fracture. Using the posterolateral approach as described by Kocher, the fracture was fixed using headless canulated compression screws. The follow-up examination showed excellent functional and radiological results. Radiological evaluation should not be avoided in case of obvious fracture findings after trauma even in case of pregnancy. It is also highlighted that good results in terms of union and functional recovery can be achieved with open reduction and headless compression screw fixation followed by early rehabilitation even in delayed treatment of capitellum fractures.

Determination of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level in serum or plasma is defined as a sensitive method for the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism and also in many diseases thought to be related to TSH levels. In this study, a novel simple impedimetric immunosensor based on polyamidoamine dendrimer was developed. Anti TSH antibody was immobilized on the gold electrode by using cysteamine self-assembled monolayer strategy. In constructing the immunosensor, a polyamidoamine dendrimer was used to increase the surface area in which Antı-TSH was immobilized and glutaraldehyde was used as a cross-linker. After each immobilization step, the electrode surface was monitored by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy techniques and optimization studies were performed. The reproducibility, repeatability, linearity and sensitivity of the immunosensor were examined. Also, the interference experiments for glucose, salts and proteins in serum were performed. The limit of detection and limit of quantification values of the proposed immunosensor were 0.026 mIUL−1 and 0.086 mIUL−1, respectively and it was able to detect the amount of TSH within a linear range of 0.1–0.6 mIUL−1.