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When the relevant literature is examined, it is possible to find many studies on leadership skills along with leadership characteristics, but there are limited studies on leadership in children (Mullarkey, Recchia, Lee, Shin, & Lee, 2005; Duran & Zembat, 2020). The training of intelligent and gifted leaders is essential for national and international progress. Therefore, education programs for leadership skills should be created for gifted children from an early age (Parker & Begnaud, 2004). There is a need for training programs to develop leadership skills to be organized for students with leadership potential. With this research, it is aimed to determine the effectiveness of the leadership skills development program prepared for special talents. In addition, it is aimed that the educational program, the effectiveness of which was determined within the scope of the research, is realized for the gifted students to realize their leadership potential and to discover the ways to realize their existing potentials. In this study, a mixed research method, including both qualitative and quantitative approaches, was used to obtain more reliable results. The study group consisted of 54 students (26 in the experimental group, 28 in the control group) in the 9-11 years of age group, who were identified as gifted students and continued the same Science and Art Center support education program in Istanbul. In Science and Art Centers, there is an education and training process that differs from the curriculum and determined goals in general education. In these centers, there are 5 programs: Adaptation Program, Support training program, Individual Talent Recognition Program, Special Talent Developing Program and Project Production and Preparation. In the research, the "Problem solving inventory for primary school children" developed by Serin, Bulut Serin and Saygili (2010) and the "Leader student scale" developed by Tüysüz (2007) were used. The student leader scale consists of basic leadership, personal ability, problem solving, teamwork and social service sub-dimensions. In line with the findings obtained from the research, it has been determined that the Leadership Education Program has positive contributions to the development of students' problem-solving skills and leadership skills.

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of writing education carried out according to the self-regulation strategy development model on the self-regulation writing skills, self-efficacy perceptions, and creative thinking skills of gifted and talented students. In this study, a pre-test and post-test design with a control group was utilized, which is among the experimental designs. The study group consisted of 42 students aged 10-11 years who were diagnosed as gifted and talented and were studying at the same science and art center in Istanbul. In this research, the Self-Regulated Writing Scale, Self-Efficacy Writing Scale, and Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking Figural Form A were applied. Information about the scales is presented. Within the scope of the study, a 6-stage self-regulated strategy development model was enhanced with Web 2.0 digital tools for gifted and talented students. The research showed that writing instruction focused on the creation of self-regulation strategies reinforced with Web 2.0 resources had a beneficial impact on self-regulation writing skills, perceptions of self-efficacy, and the creative thinking skills of gifted and talented students.

This study, it was aimed to determine the motivation of students to learn science according to learning styles and the effect of differentiated teaching practices on their opinions. A mixed research design consisting of a preliminary pre test-post test model with a control group and a qualitative data combination was used. The survey was conducted on 4th-grade students. 63 students, 30 in the experimental group and 33 in the control group, constituted the study group. The data were collected using the "Motivation Scale for Science Learning" and the "semi-structured interview form." As a result of non-working findings, it is concluded that differentiated teaching practices according to learning styles are more effective for students' motivation towards science learning than traditional teaching methods and that teaching-oriented student views support differentiated teaching practices.

This research aimed to establish the relationship between the social exclusion perceived by gifted and talented students and their sense of humor. Besides, the goal was to evaluate the relationship between the variables of the use of humor, the process of coping through a sense of humor, and the appreciating humor in cases of ignoring and avoiding during social exclusion. A relational screening model was used in the research. Among the research variables included in the model, social exclusion (ostracism) is considered as a dependent variable, while the sense of humor is an independent variable. The study group is composed of 202 students who are diagnosed as gifted and talented students. Within the scope of the study, the "Multidimensional Sense of Humor Scale for Children" developed by Akin and Bilgin (2015) and the "Social Exclusion Scale for Adolescents" developed by Sertelin Mercan (2016) have been applied. When the data collected as a result of the study was examined, it was revealed that there was a positive relationship between the sub-dimensions of generating a sense of humor, coping through humor, and appreciating humor, which is the sense of humor sub-dimensions of gifted and talented students and the exclusion subdimension of social exclusion. This situation shows that gifted and talented children generate a sense of humor, cope with this situation through humor, and appreciate humor when they face exclusion in their social environment.

This case study explores Turkish-English-Arabic multilingual identity sequentially and simultaneously constructed by two refugee siblings raised by their multilingual mother in the family environment where they interact in English and Arabic while they are exposed to Turkish in societal surroundings. By focusing on the multilingualism experiences of a 7-year-old boy and a 10-year old girl, the study aimed to explore the multilingualism of the children practising their languages. The study is filling the void of refugee children identity and language development under scrutiny via data triangulation, consisting of field notes of the researcher, a metaphor questionnaire, and semi-structured interviews. The findings suggest multilingual identity development is a way socialization and achieving success in their host country. The study offers implications for multilingual child-raising in a refugee setting offering the simultaneous use of the language repertoire of children fostering their interlanguage development, results in better awareness and improved use of the languages.

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of science lesson activities prepared in accordance with the components and steps of the grid model on the creative thinking skills, problem-solving skills and attitudes of gifted students. In this study, pre-test and post-test design with the control group were utilized among the experimental designs. The study group consisted of 44 students (23 in the experimental group, 21 in the control group) in the 9-10 age group, who were identified as gifted students and who attend the same Science and Art Center support education program in Istanbul. The analysis revealed that the differentiated implementations of Science according to the Grid Model had a significant impact on the creative thinking and problem-solving skills and attitudes of gifted students. In this study, the "Problem Solving Inventory for Primary Education Children" developed by Serin, Bulut Serin and Saygili (2010), the "Attitude Scale towards the Science Course" created by Kenar and Balci (2012), and Torrance Creative Figural A booklet, one of the Thinking Tests, were used. Within the scope of the study, it has revealed that its applications differentiated according to the Grid Model have a significant effect on the creative thinking and problem-solving skills and attitudes of gifted students.

This study examines the effects of interactive book reading (IBR) implementations on typically developing students' social acceptance of students with special needs. Since inter-group and within-group comparisons are to be made, a split-plot design of factorial designs was used in the study. In this study, the Social Acceptance Scale (SAS) was administered to four different 4th-grade students in this school to determine the study group. According to the social acceptance scores obtained, 64 students in the two classes closest to each other were determined as the study group. With the random method, one of these classes was assigned as the experimental group and the other as the control group in this study, a form of "Friendship Activity Scale" (FAS) developed by Siperstein (1980) and adapted into Turkish by Civelek with the name "Social Acceptance Scale" (SAS) was used. IBR implementations were conducted in an interactive reading of one book, one lesson hour (40 min) per week for eight weeks. After assessing whether the data were suitable for the use of parametric tests based on normality tests, the data obtained were analyzed using the t-Test for between-group comparisons and the Related Measurements Two-Way Variance Analysis (ANOVA) for within-group comparisons (pretest-posttest) within the context of the questions to be answered in the study. This study mainly found that IBR was effective in raising social acceptance levels among students with special needs and typically developing students.

Objective: To evaluate sociodemographic profile, clinical characteristics, disability and treatment status of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in Turkey with respect to patient perspectives and expectations. Methods: A total of 2,176 MS patients participated in this cross-sectional questionnaire survey including items on sociodemographic, disease and treatment characteristics, daily life and perspectives and expectations. Results: Mean (SD) patient age was 36.4(9.4) years and 76.3% of patients were females. The numbness/weakness in the extremities (57.3%) was the most common presenting symptom. Overall, 56.8% reported treatment switch (due to attacks in 47.3%), while 22.2% reported physical disability and 39.7% reported work-related problems. Males had higher rate of MS-related physical disability (33.0% vs. 19.0%, p<0.001) than females. Use of an assistive device was a more common in patients with longer disease duration (≥15 years; 39.0%) and in those under IV treatment (64.0%). Nearly half of patients reported significant concerns related to uncertainty of the future and impaired quality of life as well as lack of hope for future improvement. The majority of patients reported that they would prefer less frequent SC injection dosing and 43.3% reported preference for monthly highefficacy SC injection. Conclusion: This nationwide questionnaire-based study in Turkish MS patients revealed the altered disability status with respect to sociodemographic profile, and altered treatment expectations specific to the route of administration, in addition to significant concerns regarding the uncertainty of the future, impaired quality of life and lack of hope for future improvement in nearly half of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Optic neuritis, myelitis, and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) have been associated with antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-immunoglobulin G (anti-MOG-IgG). Furthermore, patients with radiological and demographic features atypical for multiple sclerosis (MS) with optic neuritis and myelitis also demonstrate antibodies against aquaporin-4 and anti-MOG-IgG. However, data on the diagnosis, treatment, follow-up, and prognosis in patients with anti-MOG-IgG are limited. Aims: To evaluate the clinical, radiological, and demographic characteristics of patients with anti-MOG-IgG. Study Design: Multicenter, retrospective, observational study. Methods: Patients with blood samples demonstrating anti-MOG-IgG that had been evaluated at the Neuroimmunology laboratory at Ondokuz Mayıs University's Faculty of Medicine were included in the study. Results: Of the 104 patients with anti-MOG-IgG, 56.7% were women and 43.3% were men. Approximately 2.4°% of the patients were diagnosed with MS, 15.8% with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), 39.4% with NMOSD, 31.3% with isolated optic neuritis, and 11.1% with isolated myelitis. Approximately 53.1% of patients with spinal involvement at clinical onset demonstrated a clinical course of NMOSD. Thereafter, 8.8% of these patients demonstrated a clinical course similar to MS and ADEM, and 28.1% demonstrated a clinical course of isolated myelitis. The response to acute attack treatment was lower and the disability was higher in patients aged > 40 years than patients aged < 40 years at clinical onset. Oligoclonal band was detected in 15.5% of the patients. Conclusion: For patients with NMOSD and without anti-NMO antibodies, the diagnosis is supported by the presence of anti-MOG-IgG. Furthermore, advanced age at clinical onset, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score at clinical onset, spinal cord involvement, and number of attacks may be negative prognostic factors in patients with anti-MOG-IgG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Turkish Sleep Medicine is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: Determining patients' perceptions of multiple sclerosis, a disease with varying symptoms and prognosis for each individual, can significantly contribute to directing care and treatment. Metaphors may be an opportunity to determine perceptions of this unique illness experience. The aim of this study was to reveal the perceptions of patients with multiple sclerosis about "multiple sclerosis" through metaphors. Methods: This study was conducted with metaphor analysis technique based on phenomenological method. The sample included 184 patients with multiple sclerosis. Data was collected face‐to‐face between July 2022 and January 2023. Each participant was interviewed individually and was asked to fill in the blanks in the sentence, "multiple sclerosis is like... because...". Content analysis was performed for metaphors. Results: The study revealed five main themes and twelve subthemes that provided insight into the participants' multiple sclerosis perceptions. The themes address (i) Manipulator multiple sclerosis; ambiguous multiple sclerosis, attritive multiple sclerosis, controller multiple sclerosis, demander multiple sclerosis, and conditional multiple sclerosis (ii) Temporal multiple sclerosis; cyclical multiple sclerosis and perpetual multiple sclerosis (iii) Follower multiple sclerosis; unaccepted multiple sclerosis, partner multiple sclerosis and ambusher multiple sclerosis (iv) Different multiple sclerosis; bittersweet multiple sclerosis and unique multiple sclerosis (v) Restorative multiple sclerosis. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that patients with multiple sclerosis mostly had negative perceptions regarding their relationship with multiple sclerosis. The results place a responsibility on healthcare professionals to improve how patients adapt to multiple sclerosis. This study's results can bridge theoretical knowledge and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Many studies on multiple sclerosis (MS) reveal different prevalence and epidemiologic results. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to determine the epidemiologic profile of MS using official health records in Turkey. Methods: Patients diagnosed with MS from the official health data of the Ministry of Health, representing the entire population of Turkey, were included in the study. Prevalence and incidence calculations were performed using the data on gender, age, year of birth, city of residence, and year of diagnosis. Results: As a result of the study, the number of patients with the ICD code G35 was determined as 201,061 and the number of patients with this code entered at least three times was determined as 82,225. The prevalence of MS in Turkey was calculated as 96.4 per 100,000 and the female/male ratio as 2.1/1. The incidence of MS in 2022 was 6.2 per 100,000 and the mean patient age was 43.1 ± 13.3 years (female: 43.0 ± 13.1 vs male: 43.2 ± 13.7) while the mean age at first diagnosis was 34.0 ± 13.0 (female: 33.6 ± 12.6 vs male: 34.9 ± 13.7). Conclusion: The research was conducted via Official Database of Turkey, which includes population of 85 million and provides valuable insights into the prevalence and incidence rates of this chronic disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Carotid arterial stenosis could be treated by surgical or percutaneous stenting. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the carotid council on the outcomes of patients with carotid artery disease. Methods: In this retrospective study, we analyzed the patients who had undergone carotid arterial revascularization from April 2014 to July 2022 in our hospital. All patients were evaluated in carotid council, which is constituted by neurologist, cardiologist and cardiovascular surgeon. Patient-specific treatment procedure was decided in the council. Demographics and early-term follow-up results of the patients were evaluated. Results: Totally 95 procedures in 85 patients were analyzed during the study period. 27.4 % of the patients had significant contralateral carotid arterial stenosis. In 88 (92.6%) procedures, patients were treated by carotid endarterectomy, and 5 procedures were performed under regional anesthesia. Shunt usage was 6.0% during the surgery, and arteriotomy was repaired with primary sutures in 87.3%. Stent implantation was performed in 7 patients. There were 5 neurological adverse events after the carotid endarterectomy and 2 neurological events were after carotid arterial stenting. In each treatment group, one patient died after the procedure. In the follow-up period, restenosis was observed just in a patient who was treated with carotid endarterectomy and primary repair. Conclusion: Although carotid artery disease could be treated in accordance with the guidelines, treatment procedures should be patient-specific. Carotid councils might be helpful in giving patient-specific decisions, thereby providing the patient-based treatment procedure and improving the outcomes of the patients with carotid artery disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byline: Nazli. Bulbul, Serkan. Demir, Suat. Özkan, Cesur. Samanci, Murat. Atmaca, Didem. Çelik, Ercan. Köse, Funda. Alparslan, Aysenur. Altiner, Selma. Ari, Ceyda. Dogan, Cansu. Yavuz, Zeynep. Arslan, Okan. Aksahin, Mehmet. [...]

Copyright of Social Sciences Studies is the property of Social Sciences Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Clinical Neuroscience / Ideggyógyászati Szemle is the property of LifeTime Media Kft. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Journal of Education Technology & Scientific Researches is the property of Ayse Burcu Ulusoy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the biggest health challenge of recent times. Studies so far reveal that vaccination is the only way to prevent this pandemic. There may be factors that decrease or increase vaccine effectiveness. In multiple sclerosis (MS), some of these factors may cause changes in the effectiveness of the vaccine, depending on the nature of the disease and disease-modifying treatments (DMT). In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between antibody titer and smoking in non-treated and DMT-treated MS patients who received inactivated vaccine (Sinovac) and messenger RNA BNT162b2 (BioNTech) mRNA vaccines. Method: Vaccine antibody responses were measured between 4--12 weeks after two doses of inactivated vaccine and mRNA vaccines. Patients were separated into 6 groups as: patients with MS without treatment PwMS w/o T, ocrelizumab, fingolimod, interferons (interferon beta-1a and interferon beta-1b), dimethyl fumarate, and teriflunomide. Antibody titers of smokers and non-smokers were compared for both vaccines and for each group. Results: The study included 798 patients. In the mRNA vaccine group, smokers (n=148; 2982±326 AU/mL) had lower antibody titers compared to the non-smokers (n=244; 5903±545 AU/mL) in total (p=0.020). In the inactivated vaccine group, no significant difference was detected between smokers (n=136; 383±51 AU/mL) and non-smokers (n=270; 388±49 AU/mL) in total (p=0.149). In both vaccine groups, patients receiving ocrelizumab and fingolimod had lower antibody titers than those receiving other DMTs or PwMS w/o T. In untreated MS patients, antibody levels in smokers were lower than in non-smokers in the mRNA vaccine group. No difference was found between antibody levels of smokers and non-smokers in any of the inactivated vaccine groups. Conclusion: Ocrelizumab and fingolimod have lower antibody levels than PwMS w/o T or other DMTs in both mRNA and inactivated vaccine groups. Smoking decreases antibody levels in the mRNA vaccine group, while it has no effect in the inactivated vaccine group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The identification of the developmental characteristics of gifted students, determination of their educational needs, and preparation of educational programs based on the acquired findings are essential. This study aims to ascertain to what extent parents of gifted children define their children's developmental characteristics, identify the challenges they face, and assess their thoughts regarding their educational needs. A qualitative research method was employed in the study, utilizing a phenomenological design. The study group consisted of 252 parents newly enrolled in a Science and Art Center (BİLSEM) where gifted students take supportive education located in Istanbul, Turkiye. Data for the study were obtained through interviews, using a semi-structured form developed by the researcher in accordance with the research design. According to the findings, participating parents indicated that their gifted children learn faster and think more quickly compared to their peers. They also noted that gifted children excel in self-expression, demonstrate creative thinking, and achieve high academic success in mathematics and science courses. Furthermore, parents expressed the need for their gifted children to receive education in technology, science, and mathematics fields, as well as in foreign languages, arts, and robotics-coding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate inner retinal changes in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients by comparing them with healthy controls. The study also aimed to assess regional differences of inner retinal layer involvement in eyes with and without optic neuritis (ON). Materials and Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study consisted of 141 eyes of 74 relapsing-remitting MS patients and 80 eyes of 40 healthy controls. The study group was separated into two subgroups according to the presence of ON history. Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness, total macular thickness, and thicknesses of the macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), and inner nuclear layer were compared between the MS and healthy control groups and between eyes with and without ON history. Results: Mean pRNFL, total macular, mRNFL, GCL, and IPL thicknesses were significantly thinner in the MS group than in the control group (p<0.001) and in eyes with ON compared to those without ON (p<0.05). Comparison of inner retinal layer thicknesses in the inner 3-mm ring subfields of the ETDRS grid revealed significant thinning in all subfields of the GCL and IPL of eyes with ON (p<0.05). The inferior subfield demonstrated the highest difference. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that GCL and IPL thinning is a robust and reliable biomarker in all MS patients. The thinning was significantly greater in eyes with ON than in eyes without ON. The study also documented that the inferior region showed significantly greater GCL and IPL thinning in eyes with previous ON attacks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses a rare case of bilateral corpus callosum infarction, which is a type of ischemic stroke. The patient, a 51-year-old man with a history of diabetes and hypertension, presented with symptoms such as dizziness, vertigo, confusion, and numbness in the hands. Imaging tests revealed restricted diffusion in the corpus callosum on both sides. The cause of the infarction was determined to be a single pericallosal branch occlusion and stenosis in the left internal carotid artery. The patient was treated with medication and showed improvement after three months. Infarctions of the corpus callosum are uncommon and can present diagnostic challenges. [Extracted from the article]

: A miniaturized solid-contact polyvinyl chloride membrane electrode based on the bis[(2-(hydroxyethylimino)phenolato]copper(II) complex has been prepared for the determination of Cu(II) ion in real samples. The influence of coating membrane composition, pH, and possible interfering cations on the response of the ion-selective electrode was investigated. A number of membranes at different compositions were prepared and their [Cu.sup.2+] sensing capabilities were investigated. The best results for [Cu.sup.2+] sensing was obtained for the electrode membrane containing ionophore - 2-nitrophenyloctyl ether - polyvinyl chloride and potassium tetrakis(p-chlorophenyl)borate in a ratio of 4:65:30:1 (w/w, mg), respectively. The prepared electrode exhibited a near-Nernstian response (28.3 mV/decade) to [Cu.sup.2+] in the concentration range from 1.0 x [10.sup.-6] to 1.0 x [10.sup.-1] mol/L with a limit of detection of 8.3 x [10.sup.-7] mol/L. The potentiometric response of the electrode was independent from the pH of the test solution in the pH range of 3.0-6.0. The electrode has a very short response time, about 15 s, and it can be used over a period of 3 months without any divergence in potential. The electrode has been successfully applied as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titration of Cu(II) ions with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and in the determination of Cu(II) in wastewater of the copper processing industry. Key words: potentiometry, copper selective electrodes, wastewater analysis. Une electrode miniaturisee a contact solide recouverte d'une membrane de chlorure de polyvinyle, a base du complexe bis-[(2-(hydroxyethylimino)phenolato]cuivre(II) a ete preparee afin de determiner la concentration de Cu(II) dans desun echantillons reels. L'influence de la composition de la membrane enveloppante, du pH et d'eventuels cations interferents sur l'electrode selective d'ion a ete etudiee. Plusieurs de compositions differentes ont ete preparees et leur capacite a detecter le [Cu.sup.2+] exploree. Les meilleurs resultats de detection du [Cu.sup.2+] ont ete obtenus avec la membrane d'electrode composee d'un solute ionophore, de 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether, de chlorure de polyvinyle et de tetrakis(p-chlorophenyl)borate de potassium dans des proportions respectives de 4:65:30:1 (fraction massique avec masses exprimees en mg). L'electrode preparee a donne une reponse quasi Nernstienne (28,3 mV/decade) en presence de [Cu.sup.2+] dans des concentrations comprises entre 1 x [10.sup.-6] et 1 x [10.sup.-1] mol/L, la limite de detection se situant a 8,3 x [10.sup.-7] mol/L. La reponse potentiometrique de l'electrode etait independante du pH de la solution d'essai lorsque le pH etait compris entre 3,0 et 6,0. L'electrode a un temps de reponse tres court, d'environ 15 s et peut etre utilisee pendant 3 mois sans presenter la moindre divergence de potentiel. L'electrode a ete utilisee avec succes comme electrode indicatrice pour le titrage potentiometrique d'ions Cu(II) en presence d'acide ethylene diamine tetraacetique et pour le dosage du Cu(II) dans les eaux usees produites par l'industrie de transformation du cuivre. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles: potentiometrie, electrodes selective au cuivre, analyse des eaux usees., Introduction The selective determination and monitoring of heavy metal ions have had great importance worldwide during the last years due to growing environmental and health problems. Among heavy metals, pollution [...]