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Copyright of Ciencia y Educación (2707-3378) is the property of Duanys Miguel Pena Lopez and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El objetivo de este estudio fue desarrollar un programa de entrenamiento de fuerza específico para el tren superior, con el fin de mejorar la técnica de crol en nadadores Master. La investigación utilizó un diseño cuasi experimental con un grupo de control y un grupo experimental. Ambos grupos consistieron en nadadores masculinos de la categoría Master, con edades entre 23 y 30 años. La metodología incluyó pruebas pre y post intervención para evaluar la fuerza del tren superior y la técnica de crol, utilizando diversos indicadores y herramientas de medición tanto en tierra como en agua. Los resultados mostraron que el grupo experimental mejoró significativamente en la fuerza del tren superior, como se evidenció en las pruebas de press de banca y predicador barra Z. Además, se observaron mejoras significativas en la frecuencia y efectividad de la brazada en el estilo crol. Aunque no se encontraron diferencias significativas en los tiempos de nado y velocidad, ambos grupos presentaron incrementos en estas variables después del entrenamiento. Las principales conclusiones del estudio indican que un programa de entrenamiento de fuerza en el tren superior puede mejorar la técnica de crol en nadadores Master. Las mejoras en la fuerza muscular y en la técnica de brazada sugieren que este tipo de entrenamiento puede contribuir significativamente al rendimiento de los nadadores. Estos hallazgos destacan la importancia de la fuerza del tren superior en la natación y subrayan la necesidad de programas de entrenamiento bien planificados para optimizar el rendimiento en esta disciplina.

Copyright of Revista Iberoamericana de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte is the property of Revista Iberoamericana de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aimed to quantify the participation of male master swimmers during ten seasons (2008/2009 - 2018/2019) in the national master swimmers and predict the results for the 2020/2021 season in the events of 50 100, 200 and 400 m freestyle. Eight age groups were considered, namely, A to H with a total of 5368 participants, in the four events analysed 50, 100, 200 and 400m freestyle. The best time of each race was recorded in the selected age groups that took place in the last decade of the National Summer Championship, through the specific website "Swimrakings" (https://www.swimrankings.net/). The resulting equation for the calculation was y = (-)ax² - bx + c, y being the rate of increase or decrease in swimming performance and the x variation depending on the year of events that one intends to estimate for 2021, x = 13. The results showed an increase in the number of participations in middle age groups (35-49 years) and a prediction of improvements in the results of 21 events for all the swimming races studied. In conclusion, we can verify that prediction becomes essential for the definition of new objectives and evolutionary trends in swimming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O estudo avaliou, na intensidade de 100% da velocidade crítica (VC), o comportamento de concentração de lactato sanguíneo ([LA]), esforço percebido (EP), frequência cardíaca (FC), concentrações plasmáticas de triptofano [TRP], de prolactina ([PRL]) e de ácidos graxos livres ([AGL]). Catorze nadadores realizaram dois protocolos distintos: 1) repetições de 200 e 400 m, em máxima intensidade (V200 e V400) para a determinação da VC; 2) série VC (repetições de 400 m), com intervalos de 40 s. Os principais resultados foram: (1) [TRP] e [AGL] não apresentaram diferenças entre repouso e exaustão (p > 0,05); (2) aumento da [PRL], da [LA], da FC e do EP (p < 0,05) ao longo da série VC. Assim o aumento da [PRL] pode indicar manifestação de fadiga central na intensidade correspondente à VC.

Copyright of European Journal of Human Movement is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Ciencias del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the critical stroke rate (CSR) compared to the average stroke rate (SR) when swimming at the critical speed (CS). Ten competitive swimmers performed five 200 m trials at different velocities relative to their CS (90, 95, 100, 103 and 105%) in front crawl. The CSR was significantly higher than the SR at 90% of the CS and lower at 105% of the CS. Stroke length (SL) at 103 and 105% of the CS were lower than the SL at 90, 95, and 100% of the CS. The combination of the CS and CSR concepts can be useful for improving both aerobic capacity/power and technique. CS and CSR could be used to reduce the SR and increase the SL, when swimming at the CS pace, or to increase the swimming speed when swimming at the CSR.

Copyright of International Journal of Medicine & Science of Physical Activity & Sport / Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte is the property of Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Fisica y del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Sport & Health Research is the property of Journal of Sport & Health Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Dry-land strength training is a usual procedure is swimming training. However, the association between the erformed exercises and swimming performance remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to analyze relationships between strength parameters in three gym exercises (bench press, lat pull down and squat) with a 50 m maximum intensity front crawl swimming. Nine female swimmers, with ages between 14 and 18 years of age, were evaluated. Each subject performed a maximum 50 m test in front crawl and executed n repetitions of the gym exercises to estimate the maximum power. It was assessed through a linear transducer (T-Force). Maximum power and mean propulsive power were taken to analysis. The exercise that presented higher association with swimming performance was the squat, followed by the lat pull down and the bench press. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Warm-up procedures are usually used by coaches and their swimmers. It is assumed that competitive performance is positively affected, but the literature regarding this matter is ambiguous. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of typical warm-up, used by the swimmers, in the 50 m front crawl swimming performance. 10 national-level swimmers (M ± SD; age: 15.4 ± 1.1 years, height: 1.73 ± 5.1 m, body mass: 62.3 ± 3.9 kg) swam the 50 m front crawl, at maximum velocity, after previous warm-up and without performing the same, in the day after. Capillary blood lactate concentration was assessed after the swimming test (1st and 3rd min of recovery) and the Borg ratings of perceived exertion scale were used. The 50 m swimming times were not different with and without warming up (29.35 ± 1.14 s and 29.35 ± 1.41 s, respectively; p = .86). No differences were observed in lactate values (9.73 ± 1.81 mmol.l-1 and 9.16 ± 2.74 mmol.l-1, respectively; p = .68), as well as in the ratings of perceived exertion (15.10 ± 1.20 e 14.89 ± 1.36, respectively; p = .52). These results suggest that the commonly warm up used by the swimmers does not cause significant changes in the 50 m front crawl swimming performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Propulsive efficiency is one of the most interesting issues for competitive swimming researchers, has it presents significant relationships with the swimmer's biophysical behavior and his/her performance. Although propulsive efficiency is a variable that has been quite studied in elite swimmers, there is no research on this issue in young and non-expert swimmers. Thus, the aim of this study was to: (i) estimate the propulsive efficiency on non-expert swimmers; (ii) identify biomechanical and anthropometrical parameters that are associated with propulsive efficiency; (iii) identify the association between the propulsive efficiency and swim performance. Twenty-eight non-expert swimmers participated on this study. It was assessed the propulsive efficiency, biomechanical and anthropometrical parameters, as well as, the swim performance. The propulsive efficiency of non-expert swimmers is lower than data reported in the literature to higher competitive levels swimmers and there are no significant differences between boys and girls. It was also noted that several biomechanical and anthropometrical parameters, as well as, the swim performance are associated with the propulsive efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]