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ABSTRACT Genetic parameters and correlations are useful tools in breeding programs, helping to make decisions about the most efficient method of selecting soybean progenies. The objective was to determine genetic parameters and correlations between characters in 52 soybean genotypes, from 4 populations and to select the superior progenies for early cycle and grain productivity. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design consisting of 52 RCF3:4 progenies and three controls (UFUS7010, TMG801, BRSGO7560). Agronomic and yield traits were evaluated. For the number of days to flowering and maturity, plant height at maturity and number of nodes at maturity, a high heritability estimate and favorable conditions for selection were observed. The existence of correlations between the characters was verified with the predominance of genetic causes, which allows the success in the indirect selection. By the Mulamba and Mock method, the highest selection gain was obtained, however, for the genotype-ideotype distance index method, greater gains were obtained for production components, therefore, 15 early cycle and productive superior RCF3:4 progenies were selected with a cycle between 79.0 and 105.0 days and production of 302.5 to 463.0 g plot-¹.

ABSTRACT The selection indexes aggregate information to multiple characters and, with this, they are able to carry out the selection of a set of variables simultaneously. The objective was to verify the genetic potential of agronomic traits and to select soybean F3:4 progenies based on different selection strategies. 123 progenies and the parents were sown in randomized blocks with two replications. The gains of direct selection by the indexes, the sum of “ranks” and the genotype-ideotype were lower for all characters when compared to the gains of direct and indirect selection. The rank sum index stood out for achieving the highest total gain with 37.11%. The index of the genotype-ideotype obtained a lower gain (-0.48%) for the character number of days for flowering compared to the sum index of “ranks” (-0.54%) and reached a negative gain for the attribute insertion height of the first pod with -1.82%. The genetic potential of the F3:4 population is high and allows different selection strategies to be applied to reach superior genotypes. The progenies UFU 72, UFU 116, UFU 86, UFU 45, UFU 117, UFU 56, UFU 5, UFU 106, UFU 6, UFU 4, UFU 73, UFU 101, UFU 96, UFU 90, UFU 123, UFU 116, UFU 88, UFU 65, UFU 70, UFU 3, UFU 69 and UFU 37 were selected by both selection indexes. The UFU 72, UFU 90, UFU 88 and UFU 69 progenies are agronomically superior both in direct and indirect selection, as in Mulamba and Mock (1978) sum of “ranks” selections and genotype-ideotype.

ABSTRACT: White Mold (WM) is a yield–limiting disease found in soybean. However, up to now no cultivars have been genetically resistant to this disease. Given this context, the present study aimed to develop superior soybean lines with resistance to WM, while maintaining other desirable agronomic traits. Two early maturing soybean cultivars (i.e., EMGOPA 316 and MG/BR 46–Conquista), moderately resistant to WM were used for biparental crosses from which the analyzed population was derived. Therefore, we assessed the resistance to WM in early generation testing of this population. Additionally, we determined the agronomic traits, genetic parameters and selection gains. From 348 F2 genotypes, 35 transgressive genotypes moderately resistant to WM were identified, amongst which 22 genotypes showed desirable agronomic traits for early cycle and grain yield. Moreover, 69 lines were selected as the most promising genotypes for each agronomic trait (i.e. based on the number of days to flowering and maturity, plant height at flowering and maturity, number of nodes on main stem at flowering and maturity, number of pods, grain yield, etc.). Among these selected lines, ten progenies emerged as the superior genotypes for grain yield and early cycle. All together, these results demonstrated that the cross between EMGOPA 316 × MG/BR 46 (Conquista) revealed promising progenies with moderate resistance to WM and/or desirable agronomic traits. Thus, these lines could be used as future resources for breeding efforts aimed at improving resistance to WM.

Soybeans are a grain-producing species of high international demand and occupy a prominent position in the Brazilian economy. The success of this crop in Brazil is due to public and private investments in production technologies and to breeding programs. It is through the seed that the genetic advances reach the producer. In this context, the success of a cultivar and high productivity depend on the quality of the seed. In view of the above, the objectives of the study were to evaluate the physiological quality of soybean cultivar seeds at different harvesting times. The experiment was conducted in an experimental area located at Fazenda Capim Branco, belonging to the Federal University of Uberlândia, in the 2016/2017 harvest. Ten soybean cultivars were evaluated (CD 2737 RR, UFUS 7415, UFUS 7910, UFUS Milionária, UFUS 7801, NA 5909 RG, UFUS 8301, TMG 7062 IPRO, UFUS Xavante and UFUS 6901) at four harvest times (R7, R8, R8+15, R8+30), constituting a 10 x 4 factorial. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. For the evaluation of the physiological quality, germination, electrical conductivity and fresh matter and dry matter of seedlings tests were performed. In all tests the physiological quality of the seeds decreased with the harvest delay. Emphasis was placed on the cultivar NA 5909 RG, which showed the best means to delay the harvest in 15 and 30 days.

The soybean presents great economic expression and high impact in the Brazilian agribusiness. The productive potential of a cultivar is expressed according to the genetic constitution and the environment. The sowing time exerts influence on the agronomic traits of the soybean, impacting the yield of grains. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the sowing season on the productive potential and the agronomic traits of soybean. The work was conducted at the Capim Branco experimental farm, belonging to the Federal University of Uberlândia. Twelve cultivars (UFUS 6901, UFUS 7415, BRSMG 68, TMG 801, TMG 7062 IPRO, TMG 2158 IPRO, BRS 7270 IPRO, NA 5909 RR, NS 6909 RR, CD 2737 RR, P98Y30 RR e BRASMAX Desafio RR) and four sowing seasons (October 22, November 5, December 22, 2016 and January 5, 2017) were used. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replicates. The evaluated characters were: number of days for flowering and maturity, plant height at maturity, insertion height for the first pod, number of nodes at maturity, total number of pods, number of tainted pods and productivity. The sowing carried out in October and November contributed to obtain a larger number of nodes and a greater height of plants at maturity, which are agronomic traits favorable to higher productivity. Sowing delay seriously affected soybean yield and in the Uberlândia MG region the ideal sowing time was October 22, before the beginning of November. In the late sowing in December and January, the cultivars that had their productions less affected were the conventional cultivars BRSMG 68 and TMG 801.

The soybean presents great economic expression and high impact in the Brazilian agribusiness. The productive potential of a cultivar is expressed according to the genetic constitution and the environment. The sowing time exerts influence on the agronomic traits of the soybean, impacting the yield of grains. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the sowing season on the productive potential and the agronomic traits of soybean. The work was conducted at the Capim Branco experimental farm, belonging to the Federal University of Uberlândia. Twelve cultivars (UFUS 6901, UFUS 7415, BRSMG 68, TMG 801, TMG 7062 IPRO, TMG 2158 IPRO, BRS 7270 IPRO, NA 5909 RR, NS 6909 RR, CD 2737 RR, P98Y30 RR e BRASMAX Desafio RR) and four sowing seasons (October 22, November 5, December 22, 2016 and January 5, 2017) were used. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replicates. The evaluated characters were: number of days for flowering and maturity, plant height at maturity, insertion height for the first pod, number of nodes at maturity, total number of pods, number of tainted pods and productivity. The sowing carried out in October and November contributed to obtain a larger number of nodes and a greater height of plants at maturity, which are agronomic traits favorable to higher productivity. Sowing delay seriously affected soybean yield and in the Uberlândia MG region the ideal sowing time was October 22, before the beginning of November. In the late sowing in December and January, the cultivars that had their productions less affected were the conventional cultivars BRSMG 68 and TMG 801.

Soybeans are a grain-producing species of high international demand and occupy a prominent position in the Brazilian economy. The success of this crop in Brazil is due to public and private investments in production technologies and to breeding programs. It is through the seed that the genetic advances reach the producer. In this context, the success of a cultivar and high productivity depend on the quality of the seed. In view of the above, the objectives of the study were to evaluate the physiological quality of soybean cultivar seeds at different harvesting times. The experiment was conducted in an experimental area located at Fazenda Capim Branco, belonging to the Federal University of Uberlândia, in the 2016/2017 harvest. Ten soybean cultivars were evaluated (CD 2737 RR, UFUS 7415, UFUS 7910, UFUS Milionária, UFUS 7801, NA 5909 RG, UFUS 8301, TMG 7062 IPRO, UFUS Xavante and UFUS 6901) at four harvest times (R7, R8, R8+15, R8+30), constituting a 10 x 4 factorial. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. For the evaluation of the physiological quality, germination, electrical conductivity and fresh matter and dry matter of seedlings tests were performed. In all tests the physiological quality of the seeds decreased with the harvest delay. Emphasis was placed on the cultivar NA 5909 RG, which showed the best means to delay the harvest in 15 and 30 days.

Soy is one of the main cultivated species in the world with great economic expression and high impact on Brazilian agribusiness. The productive potential is expressed due to the genetic constitution of the cultivar and the environment in which it is exposed. The market demands for bean production require the ideal handling of the culture in order to optimize the yield potential of the plant. In this context, the handling of the culture is essential to achieve success when cultivating soy. Plant population influences the agronomic characters and consequently in the grain yield. Thus, this factor needs particular studies for each cultivar. The objective in this study was evaluating the influence of the plant population on the productive potential and agronomic characters in soy, in Uberlandia, Minas Gerais. The experiment was performed in Capim Branco Farm, which belongs to the Federal University of Uberlandia. The study was composed by 15 treatments in a 3x5 factorial scheme, constituted by three cultivars (UFUS 7415, UFUS 7401 and UFUS 6901) and five plant populations (200, 240, 280, 320 and 360 thousand plants ha-1). It was adopted the experimental outlining of randomized complete blocks, with five repetitions. The evaluated characters were: number of days to flowering and maturity (NDF and NDM), plant height at flowering and maturity (APF and APM), number of nodes at flowering and maturity (NNF and NNM), insertion height for the first pod (APV), total number of pods (NVT), thousand grain weight (P1000G) and productivity (PROD). It was noted that plant population didn’t interfere in the soy cycle, number of nodes and thousand grain weight. The cultivars UFUS 6901, UFUS 7415 and UFUS 7401 presented better yields in populations of 240, 280 and 320 thousand plants ha-1 respectively.

Soy is one of the main cultivated species in the world with great economic expression and high impact on Brazilian agribusiness. The productive potential is expressed due to the genetic constitution of the cultivar and the environment in which it is exposed. The market demands for bean production require the ideal handling of the culture in order to optimize the yield potential of the plant. In this context, the handling of the culture is essential to achieve success when cultivating soy. Plant population influences the agronomic characters and consequently in the grain yield. Thus, this factor needs particular studies for each cultivar. The objective in this study was evaluating the influence of the plant population on the productive potential and agronomic characters in soy, in Uberlandia, Minas Gerais. The experiment was performed in Capim Branco Farm, which belongs to the Federal University of Uberlandia. The study was composed by 15 treatments in a 3x5 factorial scheme, constituted by three cultivars (UFUS 7415, UFUS 7401 and UFUS 6901) and five plant populations (200, 240, 280, 320 and 360 thousand plants ha-1). It was adopted the experimental outlining of randomized complete blocks, with five repetitions. The evaluated characters were: number of days to flowering and maturity (NDF and NDM), plant height at flowering and maturity (APF and APM), number of nodes at flowering and maturity (NNF and NNM), insertion height for the first pod (APV), total number of pods (NVT), thousand grain weight (P1000G) and productivity (PROD). It was noted that plant population didn’t interfere in the soy cycle, number of nodes and thousand grain weight. The cultivars UFUS 6901, UFUS 7415 and UFUS 7401 presented better yields in populations of 240, 280 and 320 thousand plants ha-1 respectively.

In recent decades, the expansion of soybean production in Brazil has been observed. This advance was motivated by the search of environments with better cultivation conditions, as well as the development of genotypes with wide adaptation. The diversity of "environments" hinders the process of selection and recommendation of cultivars, since the productive potential of a cultivar is given as a function of the sum of the genotype effect, the environment and the interaction between the latter two (G x E). In the case of this G x E interaction, regional studies are necessary in order to detail the differential behavior of the cultivars. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the genotype interaction by environments, adaptability and phenotypic stability for grain yield, of fifteen soybean cultivars, in four sowing seasons, in order to identify cultivars that combine high productive potential, predictability of behavior and adaptation to the edaphoclimatic conditions of Uberlândia-MG. The trials were conducted at the Experimental Farm Capim Branco, in Uberlândia-MG. Fifteen soybean cultivars were evaluated in four sowing seasons (October 23, 2016, November 19, 2016, December 10, 2016 and January 14, 2017), in relation to grain yield. The experimental design was of randomized complete blocks, with three replications, in each season. Data were submitted to individual and joint analyzes. The G x E interaction was decomposed by the method proposed by Cruz and Castoldi (1991). The differential behavior of the genotypes was detailed by the adaptability and phenotypic stability by the methods of Eberhart and Russell (1966), Lin and Binns (1988) modified by Carneiro (1998), AMMI and Centroid. By the analysis of joint variance, it was observed the existence of the cultivar interaction by sowing times (C x E), for the grain yield trait, at the 5 % probability level by the F test. The C x E was predominantly complex in nature. The cultivar CD 2737 RR presented satisfactory results for the four sowing seasons in Uberlândia-MG, with high grain yield and predictability of behavior, by the evaluated methods. The cultivar NS 6909 IPRO was classified into favorable environments by the methods of Eberhart and Russell (1966) and Lin and Binns (1988) modified by Carneiro (1998). Considering Lin and Binns (1988) modified by Carneiro (1998) and Centroid the cultivar that is also classified for this cultivation condition is UFUS 8301. By AMMI, UFUS 7415, CD 2737 RR and UFUS Milionária are considered stable and adaptable.

In recent decades, the expansion of soybean production in Brazil has been observed. This advance was motivated by the search of environments with better cultivation conditions, as well as the development of genotypes with wide adaptation. The diversity of "environments" hinders the process of selection and recommendation of cultivars, since the productive potential of a cultivar is given as a function of the sum of the genotype effect, the environment and the interaction between the latter two (G x E). In the case of this G x E interaction, regional studies are necessary in order to detail the differential behavior of the cultivars. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the genotype interaction by environments, adaptability and phenotypic stability for grain yield, of fifteen soybean cultivars, in four sowing seasons, in order to identify cultivars that combine high productive potential, predictability of behavior and adaptation to the edaphoclimatic conditions of Uberlândia-MG. The trials were conducted at the Experimental Farm Capim Branco, in Uberlândia-MG. Fifteen soybean cultivars were evaluated in four sowing seasons (October 23, 2016, November 19, 2016, December 10, 2016 and January 14, 2017), in relation to grain yield. The experimental design was of randomized complete blocks, with three replications, in each season. Data were submitted to individual and joint analyzes. The G x E interaction was decomposed by the method proposed by Cruz and Castoldi (1991). The differential behavior of the genotypes was detailed by the adaptability and phenotypic stability by the methods of Eberhart and Russell (1966), Lin and Binns (1988) modified by Carneiro (1998), AMMI and Centroid. By the analysis of joint variance, it was observed the existence of the cultivar interaction by sowing times (C x E), for the grain yield trait, at the 5 % probability level by the F test. The C x E was predominantly complex in nature. The cultivar CD 2737 RR presented satisfactory results for the four sowing seasons in Uberlândia-MG, with high grain yield and predictability of behavior, by the evaluated methods. The cultivar NS 6909 IPRO was classified into favorable environments by the methods of Eberhart and Russell (1966) and Lin and Binns (1988) modified by Carneiro (1998). Considering Lin and Binns (1988) modified by Carneiro (1998) and Centroid the cultivar that is also classified for this cultivation condition is UFUS 8301. By AMMI, UFUS 7415, CD 2737 RR and UFUS Milionária are considered stable and adaptable.

This paper aims to present the features of the new soybean cultivar UFUS Milionária, which was developed by the Soybean Improvement Program of the Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU) through crossing between IAC-100 and Cristalina RCH cultivars, using the Single Seed Descent (SSD) method. UFUS Milionária is resistant to many diseases caused by the fungus, bacteria, and virus. In addition, it also has been proved well-adapted to many Brazilian states, showing high yield even under water deficit conditions and Asian-rust infection; average yield was 4,451 kg ha-1 in 2015/16 growing season.

The genetic breeding of soybean aims to obtain productive genotypes, so it is necessary that the genetic components, environment and the interaction between them be understood. The G x E interaction is the differential behavior of the genotypes against environmental. The objective was to study the G x E interaction and analyze the adaptability and stability of soybean genotypes under natural rust infection without fungicide. The experiment was conducted in the Genetic Breeding Program of the Federal University of Uberlândia. Fourteen soybean genotypes were evaluated, with 10 lines developed by the UFU Program (UFUS1117: 01, 02, 03, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 10 and 11) and 4 cultivars: UFUS 7415, UFUS Riqueza, TMG 801 and BRSGO 7560 in four seasons: 2013/14, 2014/15, 2015/16 and 2016/17, in a randomized complete block design. The G x E interaction was complex and the H2 was 85.97% indicating superiority of genetic variation in relation to the environment. The average grain yield was 2284.13kg ha-1. The genotype UFUS 1117-01 was identified by Eberhart and Russel, Wricke, AMMI 2 and Centroid as being a highly productive stability genotype. The UFUS 1117-07 showed high stability by Eberhart and Russel, Wricke, Lin and Binns modified by Carneiro methods and wide adaptability by Eberhart and Russel and Centroid. The genotype UFUS 1117-09 was identified as being adaptable to unfavorable environments by the Lin and Binns modified by Carneiro and Centroid methods, and UFUS 1117-10 presented favorable environmental adaptability by the Centroid method and high stability by Eberhart and Russel.

The genetic breeding of soybean aims to obtain productive genotypes, so it is necessary that the genetic components, environment and the interaction between them be understood. The G x E interaction is the differential behavior of the genotypes against environmental. The objective was to study the G x E interaction and analyze the adaptability and stability of soybean genotypes under natural rust infection without fungicide. The experiment was conducted in the Genetic Breeding Program of the Federal University of Uberlândia. Fourteen soybean genotypes were evaluated, with 10 lines developed by the UFU Program (UFUS1117: 01, 02, 03, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 10 and 11) and 4 cultivars: UFUS 7415, UFUS Riqueza, TMG 801 and BRSGO 7560 in four seasons: 2013/14, 2014/15, 2015/16 and 2016/17, in a randomized complete block design. The G x E interaction was complex and the H2 was 85.97% indicating superiority of genetic variation in relation to the environment. The average grain yield was 2284.13kg ha-1. The genotype UFUS 1117-01 was identified by Eberhart and Russel, Wricke, AMMI 2 and Centroid as being a highly productive stability genotype. The UFUS 1117-07 showed high stability by Eberhart and Russel, Wricke, Lin and Binns modified by Carneiro methods and wide adaptability by Eberhart and Russel and Centroid. The genotype UFUS 1117-09 was identified as being adaptable to unfavorable environments by the Lin and Binns modified by Carneiro and Centroid methods, and UFUS 1117-10 presented favorable environmental adaptability by the Centroid method and high stability by Eberhart and Russel.

In analysis of the genetic diversity on soybean can be used agronomic, morphological and molecular traits, which are subjected to multivariate biometrical analysis. There are different multivariate methodologies available such as Euclidean distance, Mahalanobis distance and different hierarchical methods. However, studies that may assist in the choice of such methods are lacking. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the clustering standards of soybean genotypes using Euclidean and Mahalanobis distances, following different hierarchical methods. The experiment was conducted in "Capim Branco" farm which belongs to the Federal University of Uberlândia and were used a complete randomized block design composed of 15 soybean genotypes (nine breeding lines and six cultivars) and four replications. The agronomic traits evaluated were: number of days to flowering and to maturity, height of the plant at flowering and at maturity, height of the insertion of the first pod, number of nodes on the main stalk in flowering and at maturity, number of grains per pod, total number of pods, severity of Asian rust, number of pustules and yield. The data were submitted to multivariate analysis in GENES program. The Mahalanobis distance or the Euclidean distance obtained by agronomic traits allows the determination of soybean genetic diversity. The use of the Euclidean distance in hierarchical methods allows a greater group differentiation. The UPGMA method and the nearest neighbor method shows a greater accuracy using the Mahalanobis distance and Euclidean distance.

Knowledge of genetic diversity is of great importance to the contribution of plant breeding, as it helps plant breeders to better selecting parents for establishment of segregating populations. This knowledge is especially important to crops that presents a narrow genetic base as soybean. The objective of this work was to assess agronomic performance and genetic diversity of lines and soybean cultivars, in order to find those ones with potential to be used as parents in breeding programs. Experiment was carried out during 2015/2016 season in the Federal University of Uberlândia farm known as Capim Branco. A randomized complete block designed was applied in order to assess twenty-three morpho-agronomic features on twenty-four soybean genotypes. Significant genetic variability for all agronomic traits was found. Genotypes UFU B7, UFU B14, UFU B16, Msoy 6101 and UFUS 7910 were set as early maturity soybean, with life cycle duration ranging from 107.3 to 111 days. Genotypes UFU B1, UFU B3, UFU B8 and UFU B16 presented productivity values higher than national average of 2.870 kg ha-1. Genotypes were clustered by UPGMA, Tocher and canonical variables methods. Both UPGMA and Tocher methods formed four groups. NDF was the major contributor to genetic diversity. Hybridizations between UFU B3, UFU B8, UFU B16 genotypes with UFU B1 genotype might be promising for establishment of segregating populations shown superior genetic variability. Under these circumstances, it was concluded that agronomic features assessed were useful on detection of parents with potential to UFU's soybean breeding program.

Knowledge of genetic diversity is of great importance to the contribution of plant breeding, as it helps plant breeders to better selecting parents for establishment of segregating populations. This knowledge is especially important to crops that presents a narrow genetic base as soybean. The objective of this work was to assess agronomic performance and genetic diversity of lines and soybean cultivars, in order to find those ones with potential to be used as parents in breeding programs. Experiment was carried out during 2015/2016 season in the Federal University of Uberlândia farm known as Capim Branco. A randomized complete block designed was applied in order to assess twenty-three morpho-agronomic features on twenty-four soybean genotypes. Significant genetic variability for all agronomic traits was found. Genotypes UFU B7, UFU B14, UFU B16, Msoy 6101 and UFUS 7910 were set as early maturity soybean, with life cycle duration ranging from 107.3 to 111 days. Genotypes UFU B1, UFU B3, UFU B8 and UFU B16 presented productivity values higher than national average of 2.870 kg ha-1. Genotypes were clustered by UPGMA, Tocher and canonical variables methods. Both UPGMA and Tocher methods formed four groups. NDF was the major contributor to genetic diversity. Hybridizations between UFU B3, UFU B8, UFU B16 genotypes with UFU B1 genotype might be promising for establishment of segregating populations shown superior genetic variability. Under these circumstances, it was concluded that agronomic features assessed were useful on detection of parents with potential to UFU's soybean breeding program.

In analysis of the genetic diversity on soybean can be used agronomic, morphological and molecular traits, which are subjected to multivariate biometrical analysis. There are different multivariate methodologies available such as Euclidean distance, Mahalanobis distance and different hierarchical methods. However, studies that may assist in the choice of such methods are lacking. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the clustering standards of soybean genotypes using Euclidean and Mahalanobis distances, following different hierarchical methods. The experiment was conducted in "Capim Branco" farm which belongs to the Federal University of Uberlândia and were used a complete randomized block design composed of 15 soybean genotypes (nine breeding lines and six cultivars) and four replications. The agronomic traits evaluated were: number of days to flowering and to maturity, height of the plant at flowering and at maturity, height of the insertion of the first pod, number of nodes on the main stalk in flowering and at maturity, number of grains per pod, total number of pods, severity of Asian rust, number of pustules and yield. The data were submitted to multivariate analysis in GENES program. The Mahalanobis distance or the Euclidean distance obtained by agronomic traits allows the determination of soybean genetic diversity. The use of the Euclidean distance in hierarchical methods allows a greater group differentiation. The UPGMA method and the nearest neighbor method shows a greater accuracy using the Mahalanobis distance and Euclidean distance.

The use of different evaluation methods of adaptability and stability in a breeding program is essential to obtain more accurate results of the lines that have been studied. The purpose of this research is to study the adaptability and stability of 25 soybean lines derived from the soybean breeding program, and for that, it was used parametric and non-parametric analysis at the Federal University of Uberlandia. The experiment was set up in randomized complete block design with three replications in three sowing periods (November 2006, November 2007 and November 2008) and conducted in Campo Alegre de Goias, Brazil. Thirty soybean genotypes were evaluated, including 25 late-cycle lines and five cultivars (BRS/MG Garantia, UFUS Impacta, UFUS Xavante UFUS Milionária and M-Soy 8914) as controls). Grain productivity was determined for each block. The average yield was 3104.201 kg ha-1. Adaptability and stability were determined using Eberhart and Russel (1966), Lin and Binns (1988) modified by Carneiro (1998) and Centroide (ROCHA, 2005) methods. The UFUS 6 and UFUS 21 lines and the UFUS Impacta and UFUS Xavante cultivars stood out because they had the highest average grain yield, highest adaptability and stability regardless of evaluation method.

The use of different evaluation methods of adaptability and stability in a breeding program is essential to obtain more accurate results of the lines that have been studied. The purpose of this research is to study the adaptability and stability of 25 soybean lines derived from the soybean breeding program, and for that, it was used parametric and non-parametric analysis at the Federal University of Uberlandia. The experiment was set up in randomized complete block design with three replications in three sowing periods (November 2006, November 2007 and November 2008) and conducted in Campo Alegre de Goias, Brazil. Thirty soybean genotypes were evaluated, including 25 late-cycle lines and five cultivars (BRS/MG Garantia, UFUS Impacta, UFUS Xavante UFUS Milionária and M-Soy 8914) as controls). Grain productivity was determined for each block. The average yield was 3104.201 kg ha-1. Adaptability and stability were determined using Eberhart and Russel (1966), Lin and Binns (1988) modified by Carneiro (1998) and Centroide (ROCHA, 2005) methods. The UFUS 6 and UFUS 21 lines and the UFUS Impacta and UFUS Xavante cultivars stood out because they had the highest average grain yield, highest adaptability and stability regardless of evaluation method.

Breeding programs strive to obtain cultivars with superior traits. The association between these characters, such as those estimated by correlation coeficients, are important to the breeding selection process. In this study we analyzed phenotypic and genotypic correlations between yield and other agronomic traits in soybean progenies derived from various crosses to support breeding line selection in the the soybean breading program of the Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU). The experiment was carried out in the 2011/2012 growing season at the Capim Branco research station in Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Seventy-one soybean lines were evaluated using a randomized complete block design with three replications. In these plots plants were evaluated for the number of pods, grain yield per plant, number of days for flowering, plant height at flowering, number of days for maturity, plant height at maturity, height of the first pod insertion, number of grains per pod and grain yield per plant. The estimates for genotypic correlations were equal or greater than those for the phenotypic correlations for all the evaluated traits. This suggests a small effect of environmental factors on the trait expression. An exception of this behavior was the correlation between plant height at flowering and plant height at maturity. In this case, although the signs for the genotypic and phenotypic correlations were the same, the value for the last was greater than that for the former.. The late flowering and late-maturing plants were taller. Also, selecting plants for higher number of pods ultimately contributed for the selection of plants with higher grain yield. The selection of late-flowering and late-maturing plants have yielded taller plantsin the same way that the selection for a higher pod number could promote the selection and improvement of grains yield trait.

Breeding programs strive to obtain cultivars with superior traits. The association between these characters, such as those estimated by correlation coeficients, are important to the breeding selection process. In this study we analyzed phenotypic and genotypic correlations between yield and other agronomic traits in soybean progenies derived from various crosses to support breeding line selection in the the soybean breading program of the Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU). The experiment was carried out in the 2011/2012 growing season at the Capim Branco research station in Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Seventy-one soybean lines were evaluated using a randomized complete block design with three replications. In these plots plants were evaluated for the number of pods, grain yield per plant, number of days for flowering, plant height at flowering, number of days for maturity, plant height at maturity, height of the first pod insertion, number of grains per pod and grain yield per plant. The estimates for genotypic correlations were equal or greater than those for the phenotypic correlations for all the evaluated traits. This suggests a small effect of environmental factors on the trait expression. An exception of this behavior was the correlation between plant height at flowering and plant height at maturity. In this case, although the signs for the genotypic and phenotypic correlations were the same, the value for the last was greater than that for the former.. The late flowering and late-maturing plants were taller. Also, selecting plants for higher number of pods ultimately contributed for the selection of plants with higher grain yield. The selection of late-flowering and late-maturing plants have yielded taller plantsin the same way that the selection for a higher pod number could promote the selection and improvement of grains yield trait.

The release of cultivars has ensured higher yield associated with increased tolerance to climatic adversity. ‘UFUSRiqueza’ is resistant to natural dehiscence and to the diseases: bacterial pustule, downy mildew, frogeye leaf spot, brown stem rot,stem canker and stem necrosis and can reach yields of 3475 kg ha-1, with grain contents of 18 % oil and 39 % protein.

Estudos de adaptabilidade e estabilidade são de grande importância para os programas de melhoramento de plantas, tornando possível a identificação de cultivares com comportamento previsível frente às variações ambientais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, com base na produtividade de grãos, a adaptabilidade e a estabilidade de genótipos de soja de ciclo tardio, cultivados em três anos consecutivos em Porto Alegre do Norte-MT. Os experimentos foram conduzidos na Fazenda Piraguassu, pertencente ao Grupo Itaquere, no município de Porto Alegre do Norte-MT. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos completos casualizados com três repetições, envolvendo 25 linhagens e quatro cultivares de soja (BRS Garantia, UFUS Impacta, UFUS Xavante e MSOY 8914). Os métodos de Eberhart e Russel (1966) e Lin Binns modificado por Carneiro (1998) permitiram identificar as linhagens UFU-1 e UFU-14 adaptadas a ambiente favorável, alta estabilidade e elevadas médias de produtividade de grãos. Todas as metodologias propostas foram concordantes em destacar a UFU- 16, devido ao maior desempenho produtivo, à adaptação a ambiente favorável, entretanto com baixa estabilidade.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the adaptability and stability of soybean genotypes grown in two soybean producing micro-regions (301 and 401), in the harvest seasons of 2006/2007 and 2007/2008. 16 soybean genotypes were studied (six soybean lines of the breeding program of Monsoy Ltda. and 10 cultivars). The experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design, with three replications. Individual and group analyses were performed and the parameters of adaptability and stability were estimated by the methods proposed by Eberhart and Russel, Annicchiarico, Linn and Binn and Centroide. The results showed interaction of genotypes and environments showing different behavior of the genotypes according to environmental fluctuations. The methods of Annicchiarico, Linn and Binns modified by Carneiro and Centroid, were consistent with each other and allowed to identify among the genotypes, the highest stability and adaptability. The cultivars M-SOY 7908 RR, M-SOY 8199 RR and BRS Valiosa RR have general adaptability and stability. The Strains LG4 and LG5, and cultivar M-SOY 7908 RR showed high adaptability and stability in favorable environments and the control M-SOY 8199 RR for unfavorable environments and the strain CC4 showed high stability and adaptability in favorable environments. The cultivars MSoy 8199 RR and BRS Valiosa RR had adaptation to unfavorable and general environments, considering the four methods that were evaluated in this study.

Com o objetivo de avaliar linhagens de soja do Programa de Melhoramento Genético de Soja da UFU, nas condições de Uberlândia, Araguari e Tupaciguara /MG e Bom Jesus /GO, utilizaram-se 21 linhagens de ciclo semitardio/tardio e 3 testemunhas (Emgopa 313-RCH, DM-309 e Garantia) e 13 do ciclo semiprecoce/médio e 3 testemunhas (Conquista , MSOY-8800 e UFV-19 ), semeadas em 10, 11 e 12 de dezembro de 2001 , em parcelas com 4x5 metros, 0,45m entre fileiras, densidade 16-18 plantas/m, em delineamento de blocos casualizados , com 4 repetições sendo a parcela útil as duas fileiras centrais, eliminando-se 0,5 m das extremidades. Foram avaliados: produtividade, peso de grãos/parcela, "standâ€?, dias para floração e maturação, altura na floração , maturação e inserção da 1ª vagem e acamamento. As linhagens de ciclo de maturação semiprecoce/médio UFU-98541 e UFU-98502 apresentaram desempenho semelhante e/ou superior aos padrões MSOY 8800, UFV-19 e Conquista nos três locais podendo estas serem indicadas para cultivo no Triângulo Mineiro e Sul de Goiás, enquanto que o material semitardio/tardio UFU-98L11A, UFU-98L5A, UFU-98L23A, UFU-98L18A e UFU-98L17A apresentaram comportamento similar a Emgopa 313-RCH, Garantia e DM-309 nos quatro locais amostrados .

ABSTRACT In Brazil, as the soybean crop expands the losses caused by nematodes as well as its incidence in producing areas have increased. Therefore, this work aimed to develop a non-genetically modified soybean which combines desirable traits as the root-knot nematode resistance, early-maturity, high seed yielding, and high oil and protein contents. Consequently, seeds (F2) derived from the double-crossing between (Guarani x Sambaiba) x (M Soy 6101 x Conquista) were bulked to grow the F3 generation. Following generations were advanced by the SSD method of breeding until F6. Thus, plants showing superior characteristics were planted separately to perform progeny tests and then advanced breeding lines were thoroughly tested and compared to standards in representative environments across several locations in the Midwestern region in Brazil. As a result, we developed an early-soybean with cycle-length of 107 days; usually cycles range from 90 to 160 days. It presents desirable traits as high yield (3677 kg ha-1), Brazilian national average ranged between 2.5 and 3 thousand kg ha-1; broad adaptability, with 19% of oil, and 38.4% of protein on the seeds. Oil and protein standard contents are 20% and 40%, respectively. In addition, it is root-knot nematode (Pratylenchus brachyurus) resistance, not differing statistically (RF = 1.70) from the expected value given by Crotalaria spectabilis (RF = 1.14). Accordingly, we recommend this new cultivar to producers that intend to grow a second crop of either corn or cotton in the summer, or for crop producing areas with high incidence of P. brachyurus.

ABSTRACT Evaluation of the genetic potential of parent plants is fundamental for obtaining superior populations with desirable agronomic characters. The aim of this work was to obtain estimates of the general and specific combining abilities of five soybean parents to identify the most promising parents and hybrid combinations for the development of superior genotypes for grain yield. In this study, two groups of soybean cultivars were selected: group I resistance (UFUS 7910 and BR/MG 46 Conquista) and group II (TMG 4182, TMG 4185 and BRSGO Chapadões). The parents were crossedin a 2 x 3 partial diallel scheme, and the experiment was analyzed according to Griffing’s (1956) parent and F1 model and adapted by Geraldi and Miranda Filho (1988). Six hybrid combinations and respective parents were arranged in randomized complete blocks with four repetitions. The following characters were evaluated: number of days for flowering and maturity, height of the plant in flowering and at maturity, number of nodes in flowering and at maturity, number of total pods and grain yield per plant. The BR/MG 46 Conquista, UFUS 7910 and BRSGO Chapadões parents contributed to obtaining productive segregant populations due to additivity for the total number of pods and grain yield per plant. The hybrid combinations BRSGO Chapadões x BR/MG 46 Conquista, BRSGO Chapadões x UFUS 7910 and TMG4182 x BR/MG 46 Conquista are promising for obtaining populations with high productive potential.

Os ensaios foram realizados na Fazenda experimental Capim Branco, pertencente à Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, no município de Uberlândia - MG e em Uberaba-MG na Fazenda Boa Vista.Utilizando-se linhagens do ensaio regional do ano agrícola 04/05, sendo 17 linhagens de ciclo semitardio/tardio com as testemunhas Luziânia, Garantia, Chapadões, DM-339 e MSOY-8914. O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar foi características agronômicas tais como número de dias para a floração (NDF), número de dias para a maturação (NDM), altura da planta na maturação (APM), altura de inserção da primeira vagem (AIPV), acamamento e rendimento de grãos (RG). Os melhores tratamentos em Uberlândia foram 09, 16, 1, 14 e 02 com 3455, 3444, 3433, 3415 e 3333 kg.ha-1 respectivamente. Em Uberaba os melhores foram a Garantia, 16, 3 e 2 com média de 2652, 2435 e 2403 kg.ha-1, respectivamente.