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Experiments offer incredible value to science, but results must always come with an uncertainty quantification to be meaningful. This requires grappling with sources of uncertainty and how to reduce them. In wind energy, field experiments are sometimes conducted with a control and treatment. In this scenario uncertainty due to bias errors can often be neglected as they impact both control and treatment approximately equally. However, uncertainty due to random errors propagates such that the uncertainty in the difference between the control and treatment is always larger than the random uncertainty in the individual measurements if the sources are uncorrelated. As random uncertainties are usually reduced with additional measurements, there is a need to know the minimum duration of an experiment required to reach acceptable levels of uncertainty. We present a general method to simulate a proposed experiment, calculate uncertainties, and determine both the measurement duration and the experiment duration required to produce statistically significant and converged results. The method is then demonstrated as a case study with a virtual experiment that uses real-world wind resource data and several simulated tip extensions to parameterize results by the expected difference in power. With the method demonstrated herein, experiments can be better planned by accounting for specific details such as controller switching schedules, wind statistics, and postprocess binning procedures such that their impacts on uncertainty can be predicted and the measurement duration needed to achieve statistically significant and converged results can be determined before the experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Contaduría y Administración is the property of Facultad de Contaduria y Administracion-Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of JFMR - Journal of Fisheries & Marine Research is the property of Brawijaya University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aerodynamic-load calculation in aero-hydro-servo-elastic modeling tools has been recently validated against experiments for low-frequency platform motions but without considering the capability of active wind turbine controls. This work presents a control design framework that allows for including industry-standard wind turbine control functionalities in a model-scale rotor and its application to a 1 V 100 scaled version of the International Energy Agency (IEA) 15MW turbine. Wind tunnel tests with a fixed foundation and steady wind show the scaled turbine reproduces the steady-state rotor speed-blade pitch-thrust-torque characteristics of the IEA 15MW turbine, confirming the controller design method. Tests with a prescribed platform pitch motion are carried out to assess the turbine response and controller modeling in conditions representative of the normal operation of floating wind turbines. The blade element momentum model of OpenFAST is verified against the experiment, showing aerodynamic thrust and torque are predicted with higher accuracy in the belowrated than the above-rated region: in our simulation, the decrease in thrust oscillation amplitude due to blade pitch actuation is underpredicted. This, combined with uncertainty in modeling the blade pitch actuators, complicates the numerical-experimental simulation of the turbine aerodynamic response in above-rated operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Controllership in the public sector represents an important tool in government management, contributing to the rational use of resources, in order to provide greater transparency. The general objective of the study is to suggest guidelines for the creation of a controllership unit in the Regional Council of Pharmacy of the State of Ceará (CRF/CE). The research methodology has a qualitative approach and is characterized as an exploratory study, with a single case study, using document analysis, observation and interview techniques. The results indicated that the CRF/CE did not have an internal controllership unit to regulate the control practices in the entity, as well as it appears that its departments carry out their controls independently and isolated from the organization. In the end, it was concluded that the creation of a Controllership unit in the CRF/CE is perfectly feasible, as it has an administrative and physical structure capable of efficiently, effectively and effectively implementing a unit of this type. The study emphasizes the need for qualified professionals, participative management and process stability. The results were well received by the board, aiming to add value and strengthen interdisciplinarity in public management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper compares force and strain feedback for a contact force controller implemented in a constrained flexible manipulator for three-dimensional motion. In the experiments, force inputs of -1, -2 and -3 N were supplied as targets along z-axis direction and the feedback methods compared for their ability in tracking the supplied force. From the results, strain feedback was able to correct for slippage on the contact surface due to increased input force. It was thus concluded that strain feedback is better than force feedback for the constrained flexible manipulator. As a general guideline, it was also found that recordings should be collected at tip of the manipulator instead of the root to reduce noise levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a hybrid non-linear voltage controller design approach for DC–DC buck converters where the hybridization is done by combining two non-linear techniques: backstepping and sliding mode. In the proposed hybrid framework, the backstepping approach ensures the tracking of all states, while the sliding mode scheme with an enhanced reaching law is utilized for the finite-time convergence of voltage and current in DC– DC buck converters. In this way, the proposed hybrid scheme offers two-degree freedom instead of one-degree in existing nonlinear approaches for controlling DC–DC converters, while guaranteeing the time-time convergence that is not achievable with existing methods in the same application. In this work, the sliding surface is modified to capture changes in the load and supply voltage and the Lyapunov stability theory is used to assess the overall stability of DC–DC buck converters with the proposed controller. Simulation and experimental validations are conducted for evaluating the performance of this hybrid scheme, including a comparative study of an existing sliding mode controller in which the sliding surface is selected as the fast terminal one while avoiding the non-singularity and incorporating the adaptation law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a robust H∞-LMI-based primary controller using the Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) modeling for an AC Islanded Microgrid (IMG). The proposed controller can regulate the frequency and voltage of the IMG under various scenarios, such as load changes, faults, and reconfigurations. Unlike most previous studies that neglected the nonlinearity and uncertainty of the system, this paper represents the system dynamics as a polytopic LPV model in the novel primary control structure. The proposed method computes a state-feedback control by solving the corresponding Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs) based on H∞ performance and stability criteria. The robust primary control is applied to a test IMG in the SIM-POWER environment of MATLAB and evaluated under different scenarios. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method in maintaining the stability of the frequency and voltage of the IMG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose a Virtual Prototype (VP) driven verification methodology for Hardware (HW) peripherals. In particular, we combine two approaches that complement each other and use the VP as a readily available reference model: We use (A) Coverage-Guided Fuzzing (CGF) which enables comprehensive verification at the unit-level of the Register-Transfer Level (RTL) HW peripheral with a Transaction Level Modeling (TLM) reference, and (B) an application-driven co-simulation-based approach that enables verification of the HW peripheral at the system-level. As a case-study, we utilize a RISC-V Platform Level Interrupt Controller (PLIC) as HW peripheral and use an abstract TLM PLIC implementation from the open source RISC-V VP as the reference model. In our experiments we find three behavioral mismatches and discuss the observation of these, as well as non-functional timing behavior mismatches, that were found through the proposed synergistic approach. Furthermore, we provide a discussion and considerations on the RTL/TLM Transactors, as they embody one keystone in cross-level methods. As the different approaches uncover different mismatches in our case-study (e.g., behavioral mismatches and timing mismatches), we conclude a synergy between the methods to aid in verification efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the last decades different types of network schemes are pitched to enhance the user performance. Software Defined Networks (SDN) is also considered as important factor for different network schemes and its proper administration or management. Due to major deployment in today's networking era SDN are further sub divided in to commercial and opensource controllers. Commercial and open-source controllers are utilized in different type of businesses. According to our knowledge considerable amount of literature is available on these controllers but did not provide or analyse performance of these controllers on different network parameters. This paper evaluates and compares the performance of two well-known SDN open-source controllers POX and RYU with two performance assessments. The first assessment is the implementation of optimal path by using Dijkstra's algorithm from source to destination. Second assessment is the creation of a custom topology in our desired tool (MiniNet emulator). Then, the performance in terms of QoS parameters such as Jitter, throughput, packet loss, and packet delivery ratio are computed by two end hosts in each network. After the assessments, the performance of POX are optimal as compare to the RYU and best suited to be deployed in any scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology is the property of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Digitization is a megatrend that strongly influences organisations and is reflected in all business processes and operational functions. It is therefore not surprising that controlling is also affected by digitization. This paper first defines and explains the key sub-processes of controlling and describes the traditional role and tasks of controllers that are derived from this. Next, selected technologies such as the internet of things, big data, cloud computing and artificial intelligence are described in detail and their influence on controlling and the role of the controller is analysed. It is shown that digitization is already having a significant impact on controlling and still holds considerable potential for the future. This will also lead inevitably to a continuous refinement of the role and tasks of controllers, whereby they will have to further expand their knowledge and skills in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Providers sometimes create moving arrows, 3D objects, effects, and other items to guide the users of VR spaces. It should be possible to provide better visual guidance and increase its effectiveness by investigating how users feel about how these guiding items move in VR spaces. In this study, with the aim of creating more effective interactions for visual guidance, we provided subjects with the task of visually registering the trajectory of a moving body in a VR space using simple solid shapes. We investigated how the user’s perception of motion was affected by the speed of movement and range of movement of the object and by the distance between the user and the object. We found that the optimal distance for perception of motion in a VR space was 12 meters, and the wider the range of movement, the higher the correct answer rate. It was found that the object’s speed of movement had a small effect on the perception of motion if the speed was within the range in which its motion could be registered. It was also revealed that the combination of the distance between the user and the moving body and the speed at which it moves significantly affects the user’s perception of its motion. A subjective evaluation showed that users felt that ‘speed’ greatly affects their perception of motion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The object of research is the temperature regime of melting in a cupola. The synthesis of optimal control of such an object is associated with the presence of a problem consisting in the complexity of its mathematical description and the absence of procedures that allow one to obtain optimal control laws. These problems are due to the presence of links with a pure delay, non-additive random drift, and difficulties in controlling the process parameters, in particular, accurately determining the temperature profile along the horizons and the periphery of the working space of the cupola. The proposed conceptual solution for the synthesis of optimal temperature control allows the use of two levels of control: the level controller solves the problem of maintaining the constant height of the idle charge, and the problem of increasing the temperature of cast iron is solved by controlling the air supply to the tuyere box. It is shown that the problem of regulating the upper level of an idle charge can be solved by reducing the model of the regulation process to a typical form, followed by the use of the Pontryagin maximum principle. A procedure for the synthesis of optimal air flow control is proposed, which makes it possible to obtain the temperature regime control law on the basis of experimental industrial studies preceding the synthesis process. This takes into account the time delay between the impact on the object and its reaction, which makes it possible to predict the temperature value one step acharge, equal to the time interval during which the lower surface of the fuel charge reaches the upper surface of the level of the idle charge. A procedure for temperature profile control based on the use of D-optimal plans for selecting sensor installation points is proposed. Due to this, it becomes possible to determine the temperature profile of the cupola according to its horizons and the periphery of the working space of the cupola with maximum accuracy. The proposed synthesis method can be used in iron foundries equipped with cupolas, as it is a tool for studying a real production process, taking into account its specific conditions. This will allow developing or improving control systems for cupola melting, implementing different control modes: manual, automated or automatic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this study, the Robust Output Feedback controller (ROF) is designed based on the H8 theory and implemented in the liquid level control of the coupled tank system. As many chemical processes have complicated and nonlinear characteristics, this robust methodology is proposed to overcome them. Hence, the vertical coupled tank system is selected as one of the popular case study systems to simulate the large scaled chemical processes to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed ROF controller. Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs) methodology is selected as the main mathematical method of the design procedure. To demonstrate the performance and robustness of the ROF controller, the simulation and experimental results are compared with the Feedforward Proportional Integrator, one of the most common controllers in the industries. Two different liquid-level control scenarios are considered in this comparison and the obtained results show the expected performance of the ROF controller guaranteeing the design objectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work represents a new method for robustness analysis of the model reference adaptive controller (MRAC) in the presence of input saturation. Saturation is one of the nonlinear factors affecting the stability of control systems which must be considered in controller design and stability analysis experiments. Various methods are presented for the stability and robustness analysis of adaptive control systems, and employment of describing function (DF) can be attractive and practical, due to the appropriate effectiveness of DF in estimating limit cycles and also the application of quasi-linearization theory. In this work, the stability analysis and a limit cycle estimation of a saturated system in the frequency domain are performed. The controller parameters are adjusted in a way that the system achieves its stable limit cycle in the presence of the initial conditions for the states. Moreover, the efficiency of the proposed method for second-order systems is reported in the presence of symmetric saturation and uncertainty model in Rohrs’s counterexample as the unmodeled dynamics. The results demonstrate the proposed method provides a proper analysis of system stability during the changes in the control parameters and the saturation amplitude. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

With the advent of Industry 4.0, industrial facilities and critical infrastructures are transforming into an ecosystem of heterogeneous physical and cyber components, such as programmable logic controllers, increasingly interconnected and therefore exposed to cyber-physical attacks, i.e., security breaches in cyberspace that may adversely affect the physical processes underlying industrial control systems. In this article, we propose a formal approach based on runtime enforcement to ensure specification compliance in networks of controllers, possibly compromised by colluding malware that may locally tamper with actuator commands, sensor readings, and inter-controller communications. Our approach relies on an adhoc sub-class of Ligatti et al.'s edit automata to enforce controllers represented in Hennessy and Regan's Timed Process Language. We define a synthesis algorithm that, given an alphabet P of observable actions and a timed correctness property e, returns a monitor that enforces the property e during the execution of any (potentially corrupted) controller with alphabet P, and complying with the property e. Our monitors do mitigation by correcting and suppressing incorrect actions of corrupted controllers and by generating actions in full autonomy when the controller under scrutiny is not able to do so in a correct manner. Besides classical requirements, such as transparency and soundness, the proposed enforcement enjoys deadlock- and diverge-freedom of monitored controllers, together with scalability when dealing with networks of controllers. Finally, we test the proposed enforcement mechanism on a non-trivial case study, taken from the context of industrialwater treatment systems, in which the controllers are injected with different malware with different malicious goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Homomorphic encryption is an effective way to address the privacy and security issues of Networked Control Systems (NCSs). Since the control function needs to be redesigned according to the homomorphism to complete encrypted computing, the practical implementation of a perfectly secure and highly efficient NCS is challenging. Previously proposed NCSs based on homomorphic encryption are still subject to the risk of eavesdropping attacks. In this paper, a combined homomorphic encryption scheme is designed to build a secure environment for NCSs. This scheme comprehensively enhances the security of NCSs by eliminating potential security hazards. The risk of eavesdropping attacks on information in the controller and communication channel is avoided. More specifically, the entire control scheme is encrypted and privacy computing within the controller is performed on this basis. Data protection is provided for all transmission channels, including the transmission of the intermediate result and controller state. In particular, the computational efficiency of the encrypted control system is fast and feasible for real-time control. The performance and stability of the closed-loop system are maintained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper investigates the finite-time stabilization problem of fractional-order nonlinear differential systems via an asymmetrically saturated reliable control in the sense of Caputo's fractional derivative. In particular, an asymmetrical saturation control problem is converted to a symmetrical saturation control problem by using a linear matrix inequality framework criterion to achieve the essential results. Specifically, in this paper, we obtain two sets of sufficient conditions under different scenarios of structured uncertainty, namely, norm-bounded parametric uncertainty and linear fractional transformation uncertainty. The uncertainty considered in this paper is a combination of polytopic form and structured form. With the help of control theories of fractional-order system and linear matrix inequality technique, some sufficient criteria to ensure reliable finite-time stability of fractional-order differential systems by using the indirect Lyapunov approach are derived. As a final point, the derived criteria are numerically validated by means of examples based on financial fractional-order differential system and permanent magnet synchronous motor chaotic fractional-order differential system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An H∞$H\infty$ controller is designed to control a rotary inverted pendulum in its upright equilibrium position. The key contribution of this work is a robust controller architecture design to accommodate for uncertainty in actuator model. Robust stability and performance for a given degree of actuator and measurement uncertainty is achieved using the well established techniques of μ$\mu$‐synthesis and H∞$H\infty$ robust control methods. The design focuses on stabilizing an Inverted Pendulum in an upright position within a tolerable desired angle margin (α$\alpha$). A dynamic plant is designed based on already established theories and published papers. It is observed that the plant is completely observable for the pendulum angle and the motor arm link angle. These two signals are also measurable via encoders and is used as an input for the controller. The output of the controller is voltage actuation which drives the motor to stabilize the pendulum in an upright position (= 0 with +/− 10 deg tolerance). A Robust Stability analysis is done along with Robust Performance, to study the stability and performance margins under modelled uncertainties. As a comparative study, a rudimentary pole placement method is also analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the problem that the traditional underdetermined blind source separation (UBSS) algorithm does not have high accuracy in estimating the mixing matrix and the number of source signals cannot be determined, a genetic annealing UBSS method with source number estimation function is proposed. This method first performs a short‐time Fourier transform on the observed signal, and then performs single‐source point detection and normalization processing to transform linear clusters into dense clusters. In view of the strong global search ability of the genetic algorithm (GA) and the good local optimization ability of the simulated annealing algorithm, the GA and simulated annealing algorithm are combined, and the number of source signals is determined according to the BWP (Between‐Within Proportion, BWP) index. After estimating the mixing matrix, a modified subspace projection method is used to reconstruct the source signal. The simulation results of four kinds of radar signals show that in the case of dual receiving channels and three receiving channels, compared with the traditional method, the similarity coefficients of the proposed algorithm are greater, which can effectively improve the mixing matrix estimation accuracy, and can accurately determine the number of source signals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to understand the way business partner controllers work. The research gap to be filled derives from the debate on the transformation of the traditional controller into a business partner. This study seeks to reveal whether the new activities reinforce the traditional model or whether it is indeed possible to identify a new professional profile, and, if so, what differentiates it from the former one. The practical contribution lies in the empirical evidence on how BP controllers operate and the theoretical contribution reinforces Weber's study (2011) on the stages of controllership. Seven business partner professionals were interviewed, based on a semi-structured script. The active participation of the professionals in the earnings of the organizations was identified, through their interactions with the operational and business areas, acting as interlocutors to identify opportunities and risks in decisions. Skills and competences such as communication, critical thinking, a holistic vision, and alliance building all stand out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Contabilidade, Gestao E Governanca is the property of Revista Contabilidade, Gestao E Governanca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper identifies the relationship between the nationality of shareholding nationality, controllership and organizations characteristics than 426 companies publicly listed in Brazil, Bolsa e Balcão (B3). The organization structure is characterized for the standardize structure through the similar actions with the objective for guide the company to achieve its long-term purposes set as goals. The organizational characteristics are single and needed to be in consistence with the mission, vision and values of the companies. The research was characterized as exploratory, descriptive and quantitative, using the documental research technique and relying on a checklist as a data collection instrument. The operationalization of the data took place by descriptive and inferential statistics. The results indicated that regardless of the nationality of the company's shareholding control, its business behavior is similar, its cultures, values and characteristics are not related to the organizational characteristics adopted, identifying isomorphic behaviors. This perspective of isomorphic behaviors believes the companies have tendencies for to copy practices and customs of others, making them similar, independent of their symbols, myths and beliefs. Although many works talk about the individual characteristics of companies, this study identifies the isomorphic behavior among all publicly traded companies listed on the Brazilian stock exchange. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the contradiction of positing the existence of a God who is at once omnipotent and not omnipotent in respect of his power that arises in the thought of two African philosophers of religion, John A.I. Bewaji and Ademola Kazeem Fayemi who accept the limitation thesis that projects a limited God and deny the legitimacy of the transcendence view in Yoruba and, by extension, African thought. I demonstrate in this paper that the contradiction arises from the fact that while Bewaji and Fayemi explicitly deny the legitimacy of the transcendence view in Yoruba and, by extension, African thought, they implicitly accept the view and unwittingly and illegitimately attempt to reconcile the conflicting views through the analysis of the notions of God's creatorship, co-creatorship, and controllership. I conclude by recommending that instead of attempting to reconcile the antinomy of God's existence in African philosophy of religion, African philosophers should acknowledge the legitimacy of the two conflicting theses constituting the antinomy and, accordingly, sustain logical consistency by strictly thinking within either the framework of limitedness or the framework of transcendence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to find how space discrepancy and latency affect the implicit and explicit sense of agency (SoA) with discrete and continuous operations, and whether these two factors have an interaction effect. In Experiment 1, for discrete operations, participants were asked to press a button to make a ball move. In Experiment 2, for continuous operations, participants were required to copy four shapes shown on the screen. Space discrepancy and latency were set in both experiments. Subjective scores of the SoA are used to measure the explicit SoA. The intentional binding and relative distance between the shape shown and participants' drawing are used to measure the implicit SoA, respectively. From the experimental results, we learn how latency and space discrepancy affect the SoA and these two factors have an interaction effect. The SoA has the same manner in discrete and continuous operations according to the explicit results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to the creation of an indicator framework for monitoring, general evaluation and control of the operation of the Surgical Center of the Clinical Hospital of the Botucatu Medical School (HCFMB), to optimize time and better use the space available. The article consists of a qualitative case study, using a questionnaire, distributed to the team of the HCFMB Surgical Center. Data was collected through a focus group to confirm which indicators fit the Botucatu HC Surgical Center. After the meeting, some indicators that did not fit the reality of the hospital were eliminated. Time usage indicators were more relevant than performance related ones. The main contribution consists in the elaboration of a proposal, as there is very little research on the subject, being a very important and costly area for hospitals.

With the rapid use of the Four-Wheel Drive System (FWDS) worldwide, the necessity of having an adequate control system to control speed and direction in FWDS is extremely required. For this purpose, several control schemes are available in the literature to control the speed and direction in FWDS which should be fast convergence of the control, continuous control performance, and solving external disturbances. In latest years, finite-time controllers (FTC) have gained more consideration from many researchers in the control area, who have expressed applications in several procedures and systems. This research provides a major review of the FTC approaches via both input and output feedbacks for controlling FWDS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Understand the perception of students about the relationship between teaching skills and controllership learning in accounting master's programs in southern and southeastern Brazil. Methodology: Qualitative study with a descriptive-exploratory character carried out through in-depth interviews. Nineteen students who completed the controllership discipline in 9 accounting master's programs in the south and southeast of Brazil were interviewed. Content analysis was used. Results: The students indicated that the perception of knowledge (content domain, practical experience about organizations and academic experience), skills (pedagogical practice including communication, teaching strategies and assessment method) and attitudes (preparation of classes; choice of course materials; and interpersonal relationships) of teachers are related to their learning process. This differentiation is only didactic, since both the theory of competencies and the results obtained from the interviews demonstrate that these aspects are interrelated in the learning process. Contributions of the Study: This research can bring relevant contributions for teachers and institutions in order to evaluate and promote changes in the teaching process in controllership in master's programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Gestão, Finanças E Contabilidade is the property of Universidade do Estado da Bahia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of RACE- Revista de Administraçâo, Contabilidade e Economia is the property of Revista de Administracao, Contabeis e Economia-RACE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of RAN - Revista Academia & Negocios is the property of RAN - Revista Academia & Negocios, Universidad de Concepcion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Petroleum Research & Studies is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Brazilian Business Law Journal / Administração de Empresas em Revista is the property of Administracao de Empresas em Revista and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, an observer-based adaptive fuzzy tracking control is considered for a class of strict-feedback nonlinear systems. The nonlinear functions and unmeasured states in the system are estimated by means of fuzzy logic systems and fuzzy state observers, respectively. In addition, the tan-type barrier Lyapunov specifies that the tracking error is limited to a given area. An improved event-triggered technique is introduced in the controller design to save the network resources and avoid the Zeno-behavior. It is proven that the proposed controller can ensure that all the signals of the closed-loop system are uniformly and ultimately bounded. Finally, the simulation results verify the feasibility of the design scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The non‐linear bang‐bang impact control (NBBIC) had been proposed two decades ago as a promising robot interaction control to deal with free‐space motion, impact, and the constrained‐space motion without changing controller structure and gains. It does not need robot and environment dynamics except for an estimate of inertia matrix, and utilize the most recent control input and acceleration to compensate for the robot and environment dynamics and disturbances. Recently, the stability for multi‐degree‐of‐freedom robots was completely proved. Hence, the experimental verification of its performance and utility remains. Thus, this study has verified the performance of NBBIC in comparison with other controllers using an industrial robot and shown that the performance of NBBIC was comparable to or better than that of other controllers. Further, experimentally, it has been demonstrated that NBBIC can be used for human‐robot and multi‐robot cooperation. Thus, it is expected that NBBIC is used for many of the interaction tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to identify the main researches in controllership developed in Brazil. There are several attributions and functions within the literature, so it is pertinent to analyze the scientific focus that turns to the controllership. Thus, this article contributes to the research in the area of controllership, since besides mapping the main periodicals and authors of the area; it also approaches from the methodological procedures, theories used and the results of them. The bases used for research were; SciELO, SPELL and CAPES. Thus, 124-articles were analyzed without temporal cut. According to the laws of bibliometric, four classification zones were elaborated, and the most published authors were identified, as well as the methodological procedures and theory approached. Through the analysis of similarity, the multidisciplinary is known for approaching regarding the decision making in terms of the utility and benefits for the stakeholders. However, in this analysis it was possible to identify that the results are faced towards only three approaches. And the more classes, more fronts of research can be observed. Finally, through the content analyzed, it was verified that the inherent field of knowledge of the controllership, comes from several areas of knowledge, which makes it a rich tool set to aid in organizational management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Advances in Scientific & Applied Accounting is the property of Associacao Nacional de Programas de Pos-graduacao em Ciencias Contabeis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In Fashion ID, the Court of Justice of the European Union ('CJEU') held that an operator of a website featuring a Facebook 'Like' button is a data controller under EU Directive 95/46 ('Directive') jointly with Facebook in respect of the collection and transmission of the personal data of website visitors to Facebook, but Facebook alone is a data controller for any subsequent data processing. While the CJEUs expansive interpretation of joint controllership aims to leave 'no gaps' in the protection of individuals, we question whether the proposed solution to 'fragment' controllership into different stages of processing helps to achieve that goal. We argue that CJEUs 'fragmented' approach is incompatible with the GDPR, as it does not reveal the intended purposes of data processing, and thus negates informed and specific consent. We suggest that such 'fragmentation' undermines the consistency, predictability and transparency of EU data protection law by obscuring the pervasiveness of data commodification in the digital economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista da Micro e Pequena Empresa is the property of Faculdade Campo Limpo Paulista and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present paper revisits Dror's (2016a) analysis of collective nouns and their agreement patterns in the Qur'ān. Collectives are 'unmarked plurals', i.e. morphologically singular nouns that semantically refer to a plurality of entities. With respect to agreement, Dror distinguishes between singular agreement (syntactic) and plural agreement (semantic), signalling respectively a holistic or distributive reference. We argue that, although the consideration of plural agreement as semantically motivated is correct, gender should also be taken into consideration, especially when a mismatch occurs between morphologically masculine singular collectives and feminine singular agreeing targets. The present paper, grounded in a typological approach, demonstrates that feminine singular agreement with masculine singular controllers represents another form of semantic agreement, in which the controller is considered as a non-individuated plural. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Elite controllers (EC) represent a small subset of HIV-1-infected people that spontaneously control viral replication. However, natural virological suppression and absence of immune dysfunction are not always long-term sustained. We define exceptional EC (EEC) as HIV-1 subjects who maintain the EC characteristics without disease progression for more than 25 years. We analyzed three EEC, diagnosed between 1988 and 1992, who never showed signs of clinical disease progression in absence of any antiretroviral treatment. A comprehensive clinical, virological, and immunological study was performed. The individuals simultaneously exhibited ≥3 described host protective alleles, low levels of total HIV-1 DNA (<20 copies/106 CD4+ T-cells) without evidence of replication-competent viruses (<0.025 IUPM), consistent with high levels of defective genomes, strong cellular HIV-1-specific immune response, and a high poly-functionality index (>0.50). Inflammation levels of EEC were similar to HIV-1 negative donors. Remarkably, they showed an exceptional lack of viral evolution and 8-fold lower genetic diversity (<0.01 s/n) in env gene than other EC. We postulate that these EEC represent cases of spontaneous functional HIV-1 cure. A non-functional and non-genetically evolving viral reservoir along with an HIV-1-specific immune response seems to be key for the spontaneous functional cure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interest of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for the purpose of package delivery has increased significantly in recent years. However, the abilities of those vehicles are quite limited since the arms have not being designed considering the UAV geometry and the center of gravity (CG) changes. Usual approach taken by various researchers were to use a regular gripper or a robotic manipulator, which is not quite satisfactory for access. In this paper, a novel arm mechanism has been proposed to access objects near and under the UAV without risking any collision, with little rotor wash on objects and little change of UAV CG while enabling grip of variable shaped objects. The mechanism is based on a double four-bar linkage. Moreover, the gripper and the mechanism enable access to objects from locations below as well as next to UAV. With the help of the onboard controller and camera, the arm acts as an independent entity to identify the position of the part, catch it, and autonomously hold it. It is also possible to carry more than one object within the storage area. A flexible three-finger gripper has been designed to hold several different geometric shaped objects. The proposed arm and gripper designed, manufactured and installed on a UAV. Initial tests verify that it can identify and catch spherical, cylindrical, and box shaped pieces weighting up to 650 grams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista da Micro e Pequena Empresa is the property of Faculdade Campo Limpo Paulista and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)