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Thirteen stenotic infrainguinal arterial bypasses (12 venous, 1 Gore-tex graft) were treated by transluminal angioplasty, either percutaneously (10 patients) or surgically (3 patients). Eleven procedures were immediately successful (two at the proximal portions of femoropopliteal grafts, six near the distal anastomoses, and three at the distal parts of femoroinfrapopliteal grafts) and dilated stenoses are still patent with a mean duration of 24 months in all patients except 2 who died during the follow-up period. The calculated cumulative patency rate is 85% at 36 months. Two procedures were followed by immediate disruption near the distal end of an in situ saphenous bypass graft where balloon inflation was performed. These required immediate surgical repair. Dilatation of the distal ends of in situ saphenous femoropopliteal bypasses may not be as safe as in other locations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. – Update of knowledge on the various methods of management of intractable postpartum haemorrhage.Method. – PubMed, MEDLINE® were the electronic sources, in English and French languages, used for data retrieval. Uterine atony and abnormal placental insertions (placenta praevia or accreta) are the major causes of primary postpartum haemorrhages. To preserve fertility, we dispose of angiographic selective embolization or surgical vascular ligations. Embolization is a non-invasive method practicable by simple catheterization under local anesthesia. Vascular ligations of the uterine vessels or internal iliac arteries require mostly laparotomy. New and easier surgical methods, such as uterine compression or hemostatic suturing techniques have been described for which we lack experience.Results. – For uterine atony, the success rate of arterial embolization and uterine artery ligations is close to 100%. Ligation of internal iliac arteries is a little less effective and technically more difficult to carry out. It remains interesting in obstetrical traumatic hurts, which do not concern the uterus. If bleeding from the lower segment occurs during caesarean section, low uterine artery ligatures are necessary. These methods are all the more effective than they are prematurely implemented before the rise of major coagulopathy. In this case, uterine devascularization has also to be applied to ovarian vessels. With placenta accreta, accreta portion of the placenta can be left in place and arterial embolization or vascular ligations can be done. Nevertheless the main cause of failure with conservative treatments is placenta accreta.Conclusion. – The simplest and the least morbid methods must be retained. After vaginal birth, arterial embolization can be done, if there is no maternal haemodynamic disorder nor interventional vascular radiology unit nearby. During caesarean section, progressive uterine artery ligation can be done adapted to the bleeding cause. In case of failure of a conservative treatment, it would be dangerous to multiply techniques. Emergency peripartum then should remain the choice procedure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

We report a retrospective series of 12 placentas percreta with bladder invasion and for which an expected initially multidisciplinary conservative surgical treatment associated with uterine artery embolization was programmed. Conservative surgical treatment was only performed in 7 women. Radical surgical treatment was necessary during the caesarean section and complicated by massive hemorrhage in three women and secondary in two other women for infectious diseases. Radical surgical treatment was associated with partial cystectomy complicated with urinary disorder sequelae in three women. Maternal morbidity of the placenta percreta bladder remains high despite the establishment of a multidisciplinary care protocol., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Background and Objectives: High rates of recurrence have been observed after curative treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The main aim of this study was to establish the influence of adjuvant transarterial radioembolization-based I-131 lipiodol on survival and recurrence., Methods: Between 2004 and 2010, 38 patients were treated with adjuvant I-131 lipiodol therapy, at a dosage of 2220 MBq, within 4 months after surgery. This treated cohort was compared to a control cohort consisting of 42 consecutive patients operated prior to the time the I-131 lipiodol treatment became available., Results: Recurrence-free survival in the control and in the I-131 lipiodol cohort was 12.6 and 18.7 months, respectively (HR = 1.871, p = 0.025). At 2 and 5 years, the cumulative incidence of a first recurrence or death was, respectively, 50 % and 61 % in the treated cohort versus 69 % and 74 % in the control cohort. Median overall survival was 55 and 29 months, respectively (p = 0.051). Among patients with a recurrence at 2 years, more patients had already experienced such recurrence at 1 year in the control cohort (70 % vs 33 %, p = 0.014)., Conclusions: Adjuvant I-131 lipiodol improves disease-free survival in patients with HCC.

Background: During aortic surgery, the long-term patency of reimplanted intercostal arteries is unknown, limiting the relevance to preserve spinal cord vascularization., Methods: Between January 2001 and January 2007, 40 patients were operated for either thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) or thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA). Twenty cases of aneurysms limited to the proximal descending thoracic aorta were treated using endovascular repair, without preoperative spinal cord artery identification. Twenty patients--seven with extensive TAA, seven with type I TAAA, two with type II TAAA, and four with type III TAAA--underwent open surgery. Before open surgery, preoperative angiography was performed to identify spinal cord vascularization; in one case, the angiography failed to identify it. The segmental artery destined to the spinal cord artery was identified as originating from outside the aneurysm in 7 patients and inside the aneurysm in 12 patients: T6 R (1), T8 L (2), T9 L (3), T10 L (3), T11 L (3), L1 L (1). During the surgery, normothermic and femorofemoral bypass was used for visceral protection. All segmental arteries identified as critical before surgery were reattached in the graft. Twenty-four months later, computed tomography scans were performed to assess the patency of the reattached segmental arteries., Results: Three patients died, including one with paraplegia (T9 L). No other cases of paraplegia were reported. Computed tomography scans were performed in 10 patients. Segmental artery reattachment was patent in nine patients., Conclusion: Our experience indicates the long-term patency of reimplanted segmental artery, without any convincing evidence of its utility in preventing neurologic events during TAA and TAAA direct repair., (Copyright © 2012 Annals of Vascular Surgery Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAA) and extensive thoracic descending aortic aneurysms (TDA) are not accessible through standard endovascular treatment. Fenestrated and branched endograft technology was developed rapidly without widespread application. The aim of this study was to review our open repair (OR) experience of TAAA and TDA. A total of 28 patients who underwent elective OR of TAAA or TDA between January 2001 and January 2009 were analyzed retrospectively. The mean age of the patients was 65.5 years (three women). The anatomic locations of the aneurysms were as follows: six in thoracic descending aorta and 22 in thoracoabdominal aorta (14 TAAA I, two TAAA II, six TAAA III). TDA (40 patients) available for ordinary endovascular treatment and TAAA IV (35 patients) were excluded from this study. To focus on spinal cord vascularization, 25 patients were submitted for angiography. Three patients suffering from back pain required quick treatment and were excluded from angiographic investigations. Angiography procedures were contributive in 23 patients (92%). Surgical repairs were driven through left thoraco-phreno-laparotomy, with the adjunct of distal aortic perfusion (femorofemoral bypass) including the use of an oxygenator and sequential aortic cross-clamping. Cerebrospinal fluid drainage was not used in this experience. The 30-day mortality rate was 14.3% (four of 28 patients): one multiorgan failure and three pulmonary sepsis. An immediate postoperative paraplegia occurred, affecting a patient with TDA who was previously submitted for infrarenal aorta replacement, despite angiographic identification and revascularization of intercostal artery destined to spinal artery. The 1-year survival rate was 82.1% (23 of 28 patients). In the preliminary experience of this study, OR of extensive TAAA and TDA with distal aortic perfusion and an oxygenator without use of cerebrospinal fluid drainage was associated with a significant perioperative mortality rate (14.2%), a reasonable rate of paraplegia (3%), and 1-year survival rate of 82.1%., (Copyright © 2011 Annals of Vascular Surgery Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To estimate the long-term psychological impact of severe postpartum hemorrhage in women whose uterus was preserved., Design: Retrospective study., Setting: University-affiliated tertiary referral center., Population: All consecutive women who underwent embolization for postpartum hemorrhage between 1994 and 2007 and whose uterus was preserved were included., Methods: Data were retrieved from medical files and semi-structured telephone interviews. In semi-structured interviews, women were asked about their perceptions and memories of the experience., Main Outcome Measures: Perceptions and memories of the postpartum hemorrhage during and after delivery., Results: Follow-up was successful for 68 of the 91 (74.7%) women included. Of the 46 (67.6%) who reported negative memories of the delivery and postpartum period, the main memory for 24 was a fear of dying (35.3%). Of the 28 (41.2%) who reported continued repercussions, 16 (23.5%) thought about this delivery and its complications at least once a month, five (7.3%) reported persistent fear of dying, four (5.9%) reported sexual problems, and three (4.4%) women considered that the event was, at least in part, responsible for their subsequent divorce. Of the 15 women who had a subsequent full-term pregnancy, nine (60%) reported intense anxiety throughout the pregnancy, and one (6.7%) developed depression requiring antidepressant treatment during pregnancy., Conclusions: Severe postpartum hemorrhage may have a long-term psychological impact on women despite uterine preservation., (© 2011 The Authors Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica© 2011 Nordic Federation of Societies of Obstetrics and Gynecology.)

Intraoperative aortic dissection is a rare but potentially fatal complication of cardiac surgery. In this report, we present a case of intraoperative aortic dissection that was complicated by intestinal ischaemia. The aorta was successfully repaired using both open and endovascular techniques., (© 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Object: The aim of the study was to assess postprocedural neurological deterioration and outcome in patients older than 70 years of age in whom treatment was managed in an interdisciplinary context., Methods: This prospective longitudinal study included all patients 70 years of age or older treated for ruptured cerebral aneurysm over 10 years (June 1997-June 2007). The population was composed of 64 patients. The neurovascular interdisciplinary team jointly discussed the early obliteration procedure for each aneurysm. Neurological deterioration during the postprocedural 2 months and outcome at 6 months were assessed during consultation according to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) as follows: favorable (mRS score < or = 2) and unfavorable (mRS score > 2)., Results: Aneurysm sac obliteration was performed by microvascular clipping in 34 patients (53.1%) and by endovascular coiling in 30 (46.9%). Postprocedural neurological deterioration occurred in 30 patients (46.9%), related to ischemia in 19 (29.7%), rebleeding in 1 (1.6%), and hydrocephalus in 10 (15.6%). At 6 months, the outcome was favorable in 39 patients (60.9%). By multivariate regression logistic analysis, the independent factors associated with unfavorable outcome were age exceeding 75 years (p = 0.005), poor initial grade (p < 0.0001), and the occurrence of ischemia (p < 0.0001)., Conclusions: The baseline characteristics of SAH in the elderly were only slightly different from those in younger patients. In the elderly, the interdisciplinary approach may be considered useful to decrease the ischemic consequences.

Post-partum haemorrhage remains a major cause of maternal mortality. Surgical management may be needed in patients with hemodynamic instability. Arterial embolization may be needed in case of persisting haemorrhage despite initial surgical management. We report a case of buttock necrosis occurring after pelvic embolization to control refractory post-partum haemorrhage and failed subtotal hysterectomy with bilateral internal iliac arteries ligation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of buttock necrosis complicating a severe post-partum haemorrhage reported in the literature., (Copyright 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: To determine and compare the fertility and pregnancy outcomes following embolisation with or without uterine-sparing surgery for postpartum haemorrhage, and to attempt to identify specific risk factors associated with an increased likelihood of intrauterine synechia., Design: Retrospective study., Setting: University-affiliated tertiary referral centre., Population: All consecutive women who had an embolisation with or without uterine-sparing surgery (vessel ligation and/or uterine compression) for postpartum haemorrhage between 1994 and 2007 were included., Methods: Data were retrieved from medical files and telephone interviews., Main Outcome Measure(s): Fertility and pregnancy outcomes, synechia., Results: Data were available for 68 of the 85 women (80%) included in the study. Among the 15 women who complained of amenorrhoea or decreased flow of menstruation, synechia was found in all those who decided to undergo an ambulatory hysteroscopy (n = 8). Seventeen women had 26 pregnancies with 19 term deliveries, one ectopic pregnancy, two abortions and four miscarriages. The clinical courses of the 19 complete gestations were uneventful, but postpartum haemorrhage recurred in six women (31.6%) (caused by placenta accreta in two women). Fertility and pregnancy outcomes did not differ between women who had undergone embolisation versus both embolisation and a uterine-sparing surgical procedure. The occurrence of synechia was significantly associated with a higher rate of placenta accreta/percreta (P < 0.001) and postpartum fever above 38.5 degrees C (P = 0.04)., Conclusions: Embolisation, whether or not associated with a uterine-sparing surgical procedure, for postpartum haemorrhage does not appear to compromise a woman's subsequent fertility and obstetric outcome. Nevertheless, these women should be considered at high risk for postpartum haemorrhage during future deliveries.

Objective: Non-invasive imaging methods have become primordial in subarachnoid hemorrhage. The aim of our study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of multislice computed tomographic angiography (MSCTA) for the diagnosis of cerebral aneurysm., Methods: The 28 included consecutive patients with SAH underwent both MSCTA and digital subtraction angiography (DSA). The MSCTA studies were interpreted by two independent readers (A and B) for the presence, the location and size of the aneurysm comparatively to the DSA as reference examination., Results: In 20 patients, 38 aneurysms were diagnosed and in eight no aneurysm was found. Per patient basis, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were excellent. Per aneurysm basis, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of MSCTA were, respectively, 97.4 and 100% for reader A, 100 and 100% for reader B. For aneurysms less than 3mm, sensitivity was 100% for both readers. Interobserver agreement was excellent for the detection of aneurysm (kappa=0.98, 95% CI [0.96-1]). Intertechnique and interobserver agreements were excellent for the measurement of aneurysms (slope=0.86, r=0.91 p=3.1x10(-7) and slope=1.04, r=0.99, p<10(-6), respectively)., Conclusion: MSCTA was an accurate and reproducible non-invasive imaging technique for preoperative diagnosis of ruptured cerebral aneurysm. The MSCTA may be proposed in first intention after the diagnosis of SAH was established, with special care regarding injection procedure and a strict reading method using native images and thin MPR.

Objectives: To estimate what factors are associated with a failed pelvic arterial embolization for postpartum hemorrhage and to attempt to estimate efficacy of pelvic arterial embolization in rare conditions., Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study including all consecutive women who underwent pelvic arterial embolization trial for postpartum hemorrhage between 1994 and 2007 at a tertiary care center. Pelvic arterial embolization failure was defined as the requirement for subsequent surgical procedure to control postpartum hemorrhage., Results: Pelvic arterial embolization was attempted in 0.3% of deliveries by the same radiologist in 87% of cases. Failures occurred in 11 of 100 cases (11%) and in 4 of 17 cases (24%) of placenta accreta or percreta. The major complication rate after pelvic arterial embolization was low (3%). Fifty patients (50%) were transferred from nine other institutions. Pelvic arterial embolization was performed in 11 cases (11%) after a failed conservative surgical procedure and in eight cases (8%) for secondary postpartum hemorrhage, with success rates of 91% and 88%, respectively. Pelvic arterial embolization demonstrated a patency throughout one ligated pedicle in 9 of the 11 cases of failed conservative surgical procedure (82%). Twin pregnancy, chorioamnionitis, operative vaginal delivery, hospital-to-hospital transfer, nature of embolizing agent and arteries embolized, failed surgical procedure, secondary postpartum hemorrhage, cause of postpartum hemorrhage, and more than one pelvic arterial embolization were not found to be significantly associated with failed pelvic arterial embolization., Conclusion: The only factors significantly associated with failed pelvic arterial embolization were a higher rate of estimated blood loss (more than 1,500 mL) and more than 5 transfused red blood cell units. Attempted pelvic arterial embolization after a failed vessel ligation procedure and for a secondary postpartum hemorrhage is a good option with high success rates.

Object: For anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysms, endovascular coil embolization constitutes a safe alternative therapeutic procedure to microsurgical clip occlusion. The authors' aim in this study was to evaluate the quality of life (QOL), cognitive function, and brain structure damage after the treatment of ruptured ACoA aneurysms in a group of patients who underwent microsurgical clipping (36 patients) compared with a reference group who underwent endovascular coiling (14 patients)., Methods: At 14 months posttreatment all patients underwent evaluations by independent observers. These observers evaluated global efficacy, executive functions using a frontal assessment battery of tests (Trail making test, Stroop tasks, dual task of Baddeley, verbal fluency, and Wisconsin Card Sorting test), behavior dysexecutive syndrome (the Inventaire du Syndrome Dysexécutif Comportemental questionnaire [ISDC]), and QOL by using the Reintegration To Normal Living Index. Brain damage was analyzed using MR imaging., Results: In the microsurgical clipping and endovascular coiling groups, the distribution on the modified Rankin Scale (p = 0.19) and mean QOL score (85.4 vs 83.4, respectively) were similar. Moreover, the proportion of executive dysfunctions (19.4 vs 28.6%, respectively) and the mean score on the ISDC questionnaire (8.9 vs 8.5, respectively) were not significant, but verbal memory was more altered in the microsurgical clipping group (p = 0.055). Magnetic resonance imaging revealed that the incidence of local encephalomalacia and the median number of lesions per patient increased significantly in the microsurgical clipping group (p = 0.003)., Conclusions: In the 2 groups, no significant difference was observed regarding QOL, executive functions, and behavior. Despite the significant decrease in verbal memory after microsurgical clipping, the interdisciplinary approach remains a safe and useful strategy.