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We consider a convex combination of two classes of Lotka–Volterra operators defined on 2-dimensional simplex. Earlier, the dynamics of a particular case of the considered operators has been investigated. However, its bijective property was not studied. In this paper, we are able to establish that such maps are homeomorphism of the simplex.

In this paper we found an exact formula for a finite sub-tree counting problem. Note that the formulas, which correspond to two extremal cases, are Catalan Triangle introduced by Shapiro and ballot Catalan triangles. The general formula could be expressed as a linear combination of these Catalan triangles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We showed that one form of generalized Catalan numbers is the solution to the problem of finding different connected component with finite vertices containing a fixed root for the semi-infinite Cayley tree of order 3. We give the formula for the full graph, Cayley tree of order 3 which is derived from the generalized Catalan numbers. Using ratios of Gamma functions, two upper bounds are given for problem defined on semi-infinite Cayley tree of order 3 as well as the full graph. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]