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Background and Aim: Oral infections are common among people of any age and can trigger systemic inflammation. The microbiota is a diverse group of microorganisms that play important roles in metabolism, immune function, and homeostasis. Oral microbiota in human atherosclerotic plaques has been identified using various techniques. Therefore, the focus of this study was to determine the correlation between metabolic parameters and oral microbiota composition in patients with atherosclerosis using Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) assays. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, saliva samples were collected from 139 patients with atherosclerosis and healthy individuals from Imam Ali Cardiovascular Hospital, Kermanshah, Iran. After DNA extraction, PCR products were examined and evaluated using DGGE assays. Results: The study included 89 (36%) patients with a history of atherosclerosis and 50 (36%) healthy individuals. There was a significant relationship between the mean total cholesterol, Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL), Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), and Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) in the two groups. However, there was no significant difference in the mean high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and Triglyceride levels between the study groups. Conclusion: Our results showed a relationship between metabolic parameters and oral microbiota composition in patients with atherosclerosis. Additionally, our results indicated that the DGGE assay is a useful method for diagnosing and comparing the oral microbiota of people with atherosclerosis and healthy individuals. Therefore, further examination of the oral microbiota is necessary to determine its potential as a biomarker for atherosclerosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Tetralogy of Fallot is one of the most common congenital heart diseases in which four important cardiovascular defects. Pulmonary valve regurgitation (PVR) after TOF surgery is one of the indications for its replacement which is carried out with two surgical methods, on-pump surgery with and without cardiac arrest., Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the results of the pulmonary valve replacement surgery with and without cardiac arrest., Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, the information of medical records of all patients with TOF that candidates for pulmonary valve replacement from 2008 to 2014, whom treated in Kermanshah's Imam Ali cardiac hospital, Kermanshah. Iran and Shaheed Rajaei Heart Center in Tehran with the two common surgical procedure, with and without cardiac arrest, were studied. With matching for age and sex, 33 patients enrolled in this study, 16 patients underwent surgery with the arrest (in Kermanshah's Imam Ali cardiac hospital, Kermanshah. Iran) and 17 subjects operated without cardiac arrest (on pump beating heart in Shaheed Rajaei Heart Center in Tehran)., Results: The results of this study showed that patients operated using without cardiac arrest compared to the with cardiac arrest, were superior in the hospital and ICU stay, bleeding until 24 hours after surgery, intubated time, inotropic support, and duration of surgery (P<0.05). Also, hemoglobin, blood pressure, ejection fraction (EF), and tricuspid regurgitation after surgery were statistically significant difference between two groups (P<0.05)., Conclusion: The results of this study showed that although during the (on pump beating heart without aortic cross clamp) without cardiac arrest surgery method some problems may be created for the surgeon, nevertheless, patients after without arrested procedure have a better outcomes compared to the cardiac arrest method., Competing Interests: None.