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Antecedentes: Los esquemas hipofraccionados de radioterapia en cáncer de mama ofrecen desenlaces y toxicidades similares a los convencionales. La piel es el primer sitio de toxicidad, pudiendo observarse radiodermitis en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo no existe una indicación clara de manejo profiláctico cutáneo. Objetivo: Determinar el beneficio de una intervención profiláctica cutánea en el tratamiento hipofraccionado con radioterapia en cáncer de mama. Método: Estudio piloto, experimental, prospectivo, aleatorizado, doble ciego, en el que se incluyeron pacientes con cáncer de mama tratadas con cirugía conservadora y radioterapia hipofraccionada, dosis de 40 Gy en 15 fracciones; se asignaron aleatoriamente para profilaxis cutánea con ácido hialurónico o aloe vera; se utilizó un control histórico de pacientes que no recibieron profilaxis como grupo control. Se realizó análisis de χ2 para la comparación entre los grupos. Resultados: Se incluyeron 29 pacientes, 12 recibieron profilaxis con ácido hialurónico, 8 con aloe vera y 9 del grupo control. Se encontró una mejoría significativa en el grado de radiodermitis observado durante y hasta ocho semanas posterior a la radioterapia. No se encontró diferencia en la presencia de radiodermatitis entre los dos tratamientos profilácticos utilizados. Conclusiones: La profilaxis cutánea en el tratamiento con radioterapia para cáncer de mama es de beneficio respecto a la reducción de la gravedad de presentación de radiodermatitis, sin diferencia respecto a los productos profilácticos utilizados.

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The article focuses on classes of words or parts of speech, focusing both on the aspects that unite them as in those that differentiate them with first cycle students of philological careers. It mentions properties and behaviors not always well reflected in the grammatical tradition and communications presented in the monographic session. It also mentions subsequent evolution of the descriptive and theoretical grammars and nanosyntax and the neoconstructionist model in general.

Yawning is a stereotyped behavioral pattern characterized by wide opening of the mouth associated with deep inspiration followed by short expiration. All vertebrate species yawn, but with low frequencies. We obtained two sublines of Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats by a strict inbreeding process: one with a high-yawning frequency (HY) of 20 yawns/h, which is one order of magnitude higher with respect to the low-yawning frequency (LY) subline, with 2 yawns/h. Outbred SD rats had a yawning frequency of 1 yawn/h. HY dams had a different organization of maternal care with respect to that displayed by LY and SD dams because HY dams constructed lower quality nests and had more re-retrieving and atypical retrieving. The aim of this study was to analyze the changes in maternal care using in- and cross-fostering between the sublines and SD dams and to measure spontaneous and dopaminergic-induced yawning, penile erections, grooming and scratching bouts. We also measured the expression of dopamine D2 receptors in the striatum using Western blot analysis. Our results showed that HY male rats reared by SD or LY dams did not significantly differ in yawning frequencies with respect to HY male rats reared by mothers of their own phenotype. Maternal care did not differ between sublines and SD dams independent of the litter they reared. However, LY rats reared by HY dams showed a significant increase in the number of spontaneous penile erections. Importantly, in-fostered HY male rats had the highest number of yawns induced by systemic administration of (−)-quinpirole supporting that higher maternal care display can influence the frequency of dopaminergic-induced yawning. In fact HY male rats in all conditions yawned more than did LY and SD male rats independent of the dam that raised them supporting a strong influence of genetic background. However SD male rats raised by LY dams showed significantly increased the dopamine D2 receptor expression. In conclusion, maternal care and the environmental nest conditions during the lactation period did not change the phenotypic characteristics of the yawning sublines supporting that their genetic background is fundamental for the expression of spontaneous or dopaminergic-induced yawning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perfect predicates have been defined as stative. The purpose of this paper is to explain why. I will pay attention to both the resultative and the experiential Perfects. Contrary to Katz (2003), Nishiyama & Koenig (2004, 2010), Michaelis (2011) and Piñón (2014), the stativity of the Perfect will be derived from its nature as a content of grammatical Aspect. More precisely, I will assume that the Perfect allows us to make assertions regarding the state of affairs that follows an event that culminates or ceases (Klein 1992, 1994). In the case that we are dealing with the resultative Perfect, that state of affairs will be equated with the goal state of the subeventive structure of a telic predicate (García Fernández 2006). But if we are dealing with the experiential Perfect, the state of affairs will be equated with the final state of a process which ends up characterizing the subject as a participant in the type of event denoted by the verbal predicate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coccyx is a bone with its own morphology and mobility and pain can occur due to trauma such as a difficult or instrumental delivery. Coccydynia can make it impossible to carry out the activities of daily life, its affects can be both physical and psychosocial, and causes great maternal morbidity. This article highlights the factors that predispose women to coccydynia and actions to relieve and improve it. Postpartum coccydynia is pain that appears as soon as a sitting position is adopted after delivery. Coccyx morphology, body mass index, vaginal delivery, instrumental delivery, multiparity, female sex, mature age and short perineum in women with difficult delivery are risk factors. The activities to improve pain begin with analgesia and coadjuvants, rehabilitation and pelvic floor massage, infiltrations, psychotherapy or, finally, surgery., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)