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Arts offer an engaging opportunity to bring about women's underrepresentation issues in physics. In this work, we report the creation process, production, and reception of the short 360° video entitled 'Women in Science.' This movie maps and portrays female researchers' situation in physics at the University of Sao Paulo, a representative subset of the Brazilian physics community. The 360° movies are a novel way of storytelling, attracting public attention, and increasing the empathy caused by immersive experiences. The plots were based on interviews and surveys that embodied the female researcher's experiences over distinct career phases and levels. Challenges concerning the work environment, peer relationships, and the balance between work and personal life have been covered in the movie. All of them emerged in the descriptive analysis as effects that can influence women's career paths and affect their production capacity. This paper summarizes and discusses the scenes and the creative choices over the whole film production. It also reports the movie exhibition and dissemination processes by online streaming video platforms and public sessions with Virtual Reality (VR) gadgets. Based on the attendees' spontaneous response, it is possible to conclude that the movie brought contributions and promoted discussions on gender-related issues in the academic environment. Art, combined with VR immersive narratives, has proved to be an engaging, low-cost, and reproducible way to communicate sensitive issues to the viewers. Moreover, these experiences through 360° videos can be extended to document and highlight issues from women and other underrepresented minorities in physics.

Julian F Guest,1,2 Ariana C Yang,3 Jane Oba,4 Maraci Rodrigues,5 Rosane Caetano,6 Lilian Polster7 1Catalyst Health Economics Consultants, Northwood, Middlesex, UK; 2Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College, London, UK; 3Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo & Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; 4Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil & Hospital Municipal Menino Jesus, São Paulo, Brazil; 5Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; 6General Pediatrician, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 7General Pediatrician, São Paulo, Brazil Objective: To estimate the cost-effectiveness of three alternative dietetic strategies for cow’s milk allergy in Brazil: 1) using an extensively hydrolyzed casein formula (eHCF; ­Nutramigen) as a first-line formula, but switching to an amino acid formula (AAF) if infants remain symptomatic; 2) using an AAF as a first-line formula and then switching to an eHCF after 4 weeks once infants are symptom-free, but switching back to an AAF if infants become symptomatic; and 3) using an AAF as a first-line formula and keeping all infants on that formula. The analysis was conducted from the perspective of the Brazilian public health care system, Sistema Único de Saude.Methods: Decision modeling was used to estimate the probability of immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated and non-IgE-mediated allergic infants developing tolerance to cow’s milk by 12 months from starting a formula. The models also estimated the Sistema Único de Saude cost (at 2013/2014 prices) of managing infants over 12 months after starting a formula, as well as the relative cost-effectiveness of each of the dietetic strategies.Results: The probability of developing tolerance to cow’s milk by 12 months from starting a formula was higher among infants with either IgE-mediated or non-IgE-mediated allergy who were initially fed with an eHCF, compared with those who were initially fed with an AAF. The total health care cost of initially feeding an eHCF to cow’s milk allergic infants was less than that of initially feeding both IgE-mediated and non-IgE-mediated infants with an AAF.Conclusion: Within the study’s limitations, using an eHCF instead of an AAF for the first-line management of newly-diagnosed infants with cow’s milk allergy affords a cost-effective use of publicly funded resources, since it improves the outcome for less cost. Keywords: amino acid formula, Brazil, cost-effectiveness, cow’s milk allergy, extensively hydrolyzed formula

Layered clay materials have been used to incorporate transition metal (TM) contaminants. Based on first-principles calculations, we have examined the energetic stability and the electronic properties due to the incorporation of Cd and Hg in layered clay materials, kaolinite (KAO) and pyrophyllite (PYR). The TM can be (i) adsorbed on the clay surface as well as (ii) intercalated between the clay layers. For the intercalated case, the contaminant incorporation rate can be optimized by controlling the interlayer spacing of the clay, namely, pillared clays. Our total energy results reveal that the incorporation of the TMs can be maximized through a suitable tuning of vertical distance between the clay layers. Based on the calculated TM/clay binding energies and the Langmuir absorption model, we estimate the concentrations of the TMs. Further kinetic properties have been examined by calculating the activation energies, where we found energy barriers of ~20 and ~130 meV for adsorbed and intercalated cases, respectively. The adsorption and intercalation of ionized TM adatoms were also considered within the deprotonated KAO surface. This also leads to an optimal interlayer distance which maximizes the TM incorporation rate. By mapping the total charge transfers at the TM/clay interface, we identify a net electronic charge transfer from the TM adatoms to the topmost clay surface layer. The effect of such a charge transfer on the electronic structure of the clay (host) has been examined through a set of X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) simulations, characterizing the changes of the XANES spectra upon the presence of the contaminants. Finally, for the pillared clays, we quantify the Cd and Hg K-edge energy shifts of the TMs as a function of the interlayer distance between the clay layers and the Al K-edge spectra for the pristine and pillared clays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]