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The mechanism of surface fatigue failure during abrasive wear is considered. Mathematical dependences connecting the wear conditions with its intensity are obtained. The obtained dependencies make it possible to quantify the wear rate.

In this study, a classification of welding methods is proposed, based on the peculiarities of metal gripping under various heat-deformation conditions for the implementation of welding processes. The theoretical basis of the developed classification is the hypothesis of the critical sizes of active centers. The main approaches to the classification of welding methods are considered, and four groups of pressure welding methods are proposed, depending on the mechanism of formation of stable centres of gripping: mechanical welding methods with low plastic deformation rate; mechanical methods of welding with a high plastic deformation rate; thermo-mechanical welding methods, in which, in addition to heating by deformation, additional sources of thermal energy are used to increase the temperature in the zone of joint formation; thermal pressure welding methods that envisage only a thermal activation channel.