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Gresa Çarkaxhiu Bulut,1 Nese Yorguner2 1Department of Psychology, Galata University, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Department of Psychiatry, Marmara University Medical School, Istanbul, TurkeyCorrespondence: Gresa Çarkaxhiu Bulut, Department of Psychology, Galata University, Evliya Çelebi Mahallesi, Me&scedil;rutiyet Caddesi No: 62, Tepeba&scedil;&inodot;/Beyo&gbreve;lu, Istanbul, 34421, Turkey, Tel +905337489381, Fax +905370135982, Email gresa.bulut@galata.edu.trPurpose: Gender dysphoria (GD) emerged as a focal area in child and adolescent development research. While the intricacies of diagnosis and interventions for GD intertwine with diverse socio-cultural challenges, a notable dearth of knowledge exists about the experiences of transgender (TG) individuals during their formative years in Turkey. This study aims to unveil these experiences, shedding light on the challenges, perspectives, and implications in health care settings.Patients and Methods: Our study encompassed 125 participants: 62 TGs under clinical follow-up, and a control group of 63 cisgender individuals. Surveys tailored to TG participants addressed early GD experiences, gender-typed activity participation, and psychosocial challenges from childhood through adolescence. Additionally, both cohorts contributed to a survey on attitudes towards community-based interventions, allowing for a comparative analysis of their perspectives.Results: TGs identified their GD around age 10.77. Female-to-male TGs showed more involvement in traditionally male-associated activities, whereas male-to-female engaged more in female-associated domestic role-plays (p< 0.001). Over a third (37.09%) faced ostracization or bullying due to GD, 45.16% encountered verbal abuse, and 12.90% reported physical violence. Additionally, 40.32% had undergone treatment for depression and anxiety disorders. Most participants supported awareness initiatives, advocating for open gender expression, and normalizing the experiences of TG youth. Furthermore, 88.71% of TGs emphasized the importance of enhancing the expertise of professional groups, such as medical and mental health practitioners, in GD matters, a sentiment echoed by 68.25% of cisgender participants (p=0.030). While medical interventions were the least favored strategy at 32.80% overall, 46.78% of TGs supported it, compared to 19.05% of controls (p=0.010).Conclusion: Our study underscores the challenges faced by TG individuals during development. Early recognition, societal awareness, enhanced training in professional healthcare environments, and comprehensive support are crucial for fostering acceptance and reducing adversity among children and adolescents navigating GD.Keywords: gender dysphoria, mental health, health care, childhood play behaviors, psychosocial challenges, early interventions

An 18-year old male patient, with a history of paragliding accident, sustaining a coronal shear fracture of the body of the talus, an anterior process fracture of the calcaneus extending to the calcaneocuboid joint and a nondisplaced navicular body fracture at the right foot and a displaced fracture of the navicular body accompanied with posteromedial process fracture of the talus at the left side was referred to our emergency clinic. For the right foot, the coronal plane fracture of the talar body was anatomically reduced and fixed with screws. For the left foot, screw fixation was performed through the lateral aspect to fix the large posteromedial fragment. Small bone fragments were removed from the left navicular fracture, and the main fragments were also fixed with screw. The talo-navicular joint was stabilised with a Kirschner wire. At 36 months follow-up, bilateral foot and ankle functions were satisfactory, Maryland scores of the right and left foot were 85 (good) and 90 (excellent), respectively, and the patient regained his full activity level by the 5th month postoperatively. With reference to the number and types of fractures in this one patient, we present a standard protocol for treatment of isolated talus, navicular and calcaneal fractures presenting together in a single foot injury.

We present the first results from an imaging and a spectroscopic survey of the optical emission associated with supernova remnant (SNR) G107.5−1.5. We discovered optical diffuse and filamentary emission from G107.5−1.5 using the 1.5- and 1-m telescopes. The optical emissions from the North-East (NE) and North-West (NW) regions show the diffuse structure, while the South-East (SE) and East (E) regions show filamentary structure. From long-slit spectra, we found [S  ii ]/H α > 0.5 for the SE and E regions, which supports the origin of the emission being from shock-heated gas. The average [S  ii ]/H α ratio is found to be ∼0.4 and ∼0.3 for the NW and NE regions, respectively, indicating that the optical emission is coming from ionized gas in an H  ii region. From the ratios of [S  ii ]λλ 6716/6731, we estimate an average electron density of ∼2400 cm−3 for the NW region, which can be attributed to the dense ionized gas. The average [S  ii ]λλ 6716/6731 ratios are ∼1.25 and ∼1.15 for the SE and E regions, respectively, which are indicative of low-electron density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In the present case report, the authors investigated the clinicopathological characteristics of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arising from teratoma of the ovary and intended to report their clinical experience. Malignant transformation of ovarian teratoma is a quite rare condition with SCC observed to be the most common form of transformation. The present case was a 43-year-old female patient and her clinical presentation was abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and abdominal mass sensation. The patient underwent ultrasonography. After detection of a mass, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed. Surgery was performed on the patient and the pathological report revealed SCC arising from teratoma. The patient was evaluated retrospectively in terms of demographic characteristics, MRI, surgical findings, and prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of paricalcitol on the experimental contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) model. We hypothesised that paricalcitol may prevent CIN. Methods: 32 Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups (n =8 each): control group, paricalcitol group, CIN group and paricalcitol plus CIN group. Paricalcitol (0.4 µg kg-1 day-1) was given intraperitoneally for 5 consecutive days prior to induction of CIN. CIN was induced at day 4 by intravenous injection of indometacin (10 mg kg-1), Nω-nitro- L -arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 10 mg kg-1) and meglumine amidotrizoate (6 ml kg-1). Renal function parameters, oxidative stress biomarkers, histopathological findings and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) immunoexpression were evaluated. Results: The paricalcitol plus CIN group had lower mean serum creatinine levels (p =0.034) as well as higher creatinine clearance (p =0.042) than the CIN group. Serum malondialdehyde and kidney thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances levels were significantly lower in the paricalcitol plus CIN group than in the CIN group (p =0.024 and p =0.042, respectively). The mean scores of tubular necrosis (p =0.024), proteinaceous casts (p =0.038), medullary congestion (p =0.035) and VEGF immunoexpression (p =0.018) in the paricalcitol plus CIN group were also significantly lower. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the protective effect of paricalcitol in the prevention of CIN in an experimental model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nickel sulphide ore subjected to this investigation was taken from the Marmara district of Turkey, where widespread chromite mineralization can be observed. Some amounts of magnetite and chromite exist in the ore together with sulphide and oxide type nickel minerals. The ore sample contains 1.32% Ni, 10.79% SiO2, 78.39% Fe2O3, 1.3 g/t Ag, and 1.0 g/t Au. The ore sample is constituted of about 70% magnetite, 15% sulphide minerals, and 5% chromite and iron oxides, as well as 10% gangue minerals. Nickel mineralization in the ore such as pentlandite, violarite, millerite awaruite, and asbolanewas determined. Due to the complex structure of mineralization, a combination of gravity-separation and flotation methods was applied for the concentration of nickel sulphide and oxide ores. A nickel concentrate containing 12.32% Ni was produced with 89.7% recovery and final tailings with 0.088% Ni can be disposed with 4.9% of metal loss. A process flowsheet was developed according to the optimum test results. The importance of this research is that it is the first example of developing a flowsheet for the beneficiation of sulphide and oxide type nickel mineralization observed together in chromite ore deposits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Sivas-Divrigi Iron Ore Concentrator, 600,000 t of tailings are discarded annually. There are already 1 million t of tailings deposited in ponds from the previous production activities. The presence of Co, Ni, and Cu in the tailings makes the beneficiation of those tailings attractive. In the experimental work, sulphide concentrates were produced from these two types of tailings by flotation. Under optimum flotation conditions, a bulk sulphide concentrate assaying 0.376% Co, 0.721% Ni, and 0.403% Cu was obtained with 83.1% Co, 57.7% Ni, and 59.0% Cu recoveries from the old tailings. On the other hand, another concentrate containing 0.384% Co, 0.687% Ni, and 0.393% Cu was produced under the same flotation conditions with 94.7% Co, 84.6% Ni, and 76.8% Cu recoveries from the new process tailings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is rare, life-threatening skin disorder that usually is caused by an adverse drug reaction. The exact pathogenesis of TEN is still unknown. Many treatments including prednisolone, cyclosporine and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) can be used to halt the disease process. We present a 12-year-old girl with epilepsy who developed TEN after about 14 days of lamotrigine treatment. Lamotrigine was immediately discontinued. After receiving systemic corticosteroid treatment, the patient had a complete recovery. Antiepileptic-induced TEN can be mortal in some cases. Thus, we would like to point out the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fixed drug eruption (FDE) usually develops after oral administration and is described as a cutaneous reaction recurring at the same location each time the drug is taken. Olopatadine is both a H1 histamine receptor antagonist and a mast cell stabilizer, indicated for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. Here, we report a 14-year-old male patient who developed FDE localised on the lateral side of periorbital rim bilaterally, whilst applying olopatadine 0.1% ophthalmic solution for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. As far as we know, FDE due to olopatadine has not been previously reported in the literature. We deem it appropriate to report this case because FDE that results from the application of topical drugs is a rare event in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective This study compared a computerised device (the Wand) with a conventional syringe in terms of the pain of needle insertion and injection during inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) block injection.Methods and materials The subjects were 40 patients between the ages of 18 and 30 years requiring local anaesthesia for dental restoration in the mandible. Before anaesthetic administration, the patients' anxiety levels were determined. Contralateral IAN injections were administrated at two separate appointments with random use of either the Wand or a conventional syringe. Following the injection, the patients used both the pain rating score (PRS) and a visual analogue scale (VAS) to assess the intensity of pain.Results When pain was measured after the injection, the Wand was found to be less painful than the syringe for the pain of both needle insertion and injection (p <0.05).Conclusion The Wand technique resulted in significantly lower pain scores during the IAN block injections. Most of the patients preferred the IAN injection with the Wand for future dental injections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study compared a computerised device (the Wand) with a conventional syringe in terms of the pain of needle insertion and injection during inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) block injection.Methods and Materials: The subjects were 40 patients between the ages of 18 and 30 years requiring local anaesthesia for dental restoration in the mandible. Before anaesthetic administration, the patients' anxiety levels were determined. Contralateral IAN injections were administrated at two separate appointments with random use of either the Wand or a conventional syringe. Following the injection, the patients used both the pain rating score (PRS) and a visual analogue scale (VAS) to assess the intensity of pain.Results: When pain was measured after the injection, the Wand was found to be less painful than the syringe for the pain of both needle insertion and injection (p <0.05).Conclusion: The Wand technique resulted in significantly lower pain scores during the IAN block injections. Most of the patients preferred the IAN injection with the Wand for future dental injections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neutrophil elastase (NE) has been reported to be a pro-inflammatory stimulus for macrophages. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of NE exposure on the human macrophage proteome and evaluate its impact on pro-inflammatory signals. Human blood monocytes from healthy volunteers were differentiated to macrophages and then exposed to either 500 nM of NE or control vehicle for 2 h in triplicate. Label-free quantitative proteomics analysis identified 41 differentially expressed proteins in the NE versus control vehicle datasets. A total of 26 proteins were downregulated and of those, 21 were cell surface proteins. Importantly, four of the cell surface proteins were proteoglycans: neuropilin 1 ( NRP1 ), syndecan 2 ( SDC2 ), glypican 4 ( GPC4 ), and CD99 antigen-like protein 2 ( CD99L2 ) along with neuropilin 2 ( NRP2 ), CD99 antigen ( CD99 ), and endoglin ( ENG ) which are known interactors. Additional NE-targeted proteins related to macrophage function were also measured including CD40 , CD48 , SPINT1 , ST14 , and MSR1 . Collectively, this study provides a comprehensive unbiased view of selective NE-targeted cell surface proteins in chronically inflamed lungs.

Background and Objectives : Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is characterized by unpredictable skin and mucosal angioedema attacks. We aimed to find the frequency of sexual-activity-triggered attacks (STAs) and understand how the sexual life of HAE with C1-inhibitor deficiency (HAE-C1INH) patients is affected. Materials and Methods : Adult HAE-C1INH patients were included in this cross-sectional study, which started in March 2020. Demographic information, marriage properties, gender-specific sexual life characteristics, and the HAE-specific histories of the patients were collected. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Turkish version of the New Sexual Satisfaction Scale (NSSS) were applied to all participants. Results : Among 42 symptomatic HAE patients, 33 (78.57%) had genital attacks and 17 (42.5%) had STAs. Ten (58.8%) had genital pain, tenderness, or swelling, and five (29.4%) had isolated abdominal and groin pain. Eight (47.1%) patients with STAs experienced a HAE attack during their first time engaging in sexual intercourse. Anxiety/depression scales, NSSS scores, and distribution of other HAE attack localizations were similar in patients with and without STAs, and no gender differences were observed. Compared to the patients without STAs, the ratio of patients who stated that their sexual lives were negatively affected and that they lost their sexual desire was higher in patients with STAs. Conclusions : Genital or abdominal attacks triggered by sexual activity may be more common than thought. Sexual activity should also be questioned for evaluating attack triggers. There is a possibility of triggering an attack with the first and ongoing sexual intercourse, and patients should be informed to keep their attack treatment medications ready in advance.

Background: This study focused on identifying factors influencing recurrent lumbar disc herniation (RLDH) by analyzing demographic data, body mass index (BMI), and radiologic disc properties in patients undergoing single-level unilateral lumbar disc herniation surgery., Methods: Our retrospective analysis included 2 groups from our clinic: Group 1 (n = 41) with patients experiencing RLDH requiring a second surgery, and Group 2 (n = 73) with patients having a single surgery and no recurrence over at least a 5-year follow-up. We assessed age, sex, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HT), BMI, Pfirrmann disc degeneration type, herniation types (protrusion, extrusion, and sequestration), and surgical level., Results: The mean ages of Groups 1 and 2 were 48.93 ± 13.47 and 44.4 ± 11.79 years, respectively, with no significant age difference (P = 0.064). Gender distribution was also not significantly different, with 63.41% males in Group 1 and 56.16% in Group 2 (P = 0.450). DM prevalence was similar in both groups (P = 0.727). Notably, HT was significantly lower in Group 2 (P = 0.018). The average BMI was comparable between groups (P = 0.607), and no significant difference in Pfirrmann disc degeneration scores was observed (P = 0.547). Radiologic disc type distributions did not significantly differ (P = 0.448). Most surgeries in both groups were at the L4-5 level, with no significant differences in surgical levels (P = 0.456)., Conclusions: We found that factors like gender, age, DM, obesity, surgical level, disc degeneration, and disc types do not significantly impact RLDH. However, the higher occurrence of HT in recurrent cases indicates a potential area for further research., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the efficacy of epidermis dermis fascia (EDF) kinesiotaping (KT) technique on pain intensity, number of active trigger points (TrPs), cervical range of motion (ROM) angles, and disability levels in patients with myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) on upper trapezius (UT) muscle., Patients and Methods: Between January 2019 and January 2020, a total of 180 patients (21 males, 159 females; mean age: 35.9±9.0 years; range, 18 to 56 years) with MPS were included. The patients were randomized into either KT with EDF technique (Group 1) or sham KT (Group 2). Outcome measures were Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain score, number of active TrPs, cervical ROM angles, and Neck Pain Disability Scale (NPDS)., Results: Both groups improved in terms of all outcome parameters except for cervical flexion and extension angles in Group 2. The VAS pain scores significantly decreased in Group 1 (p<0.0001) significantly improved in Group 1. Cervical left (p=0.001) and right (p<0.0001) lateral flexion angles significantly improved in Group 2. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding cervical ROM angles., Conclusion: Our study results suggest that KT with the EDF technique is an effective method in reducing pain and number of active TrPs, improving disability and cervical ROM angles., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: The authors declared no conflicts of interest with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article., (Copyright © 2024, Turkish Society of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.)

Laminin receptor 1 (LAMR) may have a role in the progression of premalignant squamous epithelial lesions to cervical cancer. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the expression of laminin receptor 1 (LAMR) in normal, premalignant, and malignant tissues of the uterine cervix. Paraffin blocks of 129 specimens with the diagnoses of normal cervical tissue (n = 33), cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1 (n = 30), CIN 2 (n = 14), CIN 3 (n = 28), and squamous cell carcinoma (n = 24) were immunohistochemically stained with LAMR antibody and its expression percentage, pattern, and intensity in these tissues were assessed. Compared to the other groups, the nonstaining with LAMR was highest in low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) (p < 0.0001). LAMR expression, which was positive in less than 50% of cells with weak staining, increased significantly between normal cervical epithelium and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) or invasive carcinoma, as well as between LSIL and HSIL (p < 0.0001). Between LSIL and invasive carcinoma, a significant increment was also observed for weak staining in less than 50% of cells (p < 0.001). LAMR expression, which was positive in more than 50% of cells with strong staining, was significantly higher in normal cervical tissue compared to the other groups (p < 0.0001). Disease progression related gradual increment of LAMR expression from normal cervical epithelium or LSIL towards HSIL or cervical cancer reveals that LAMR may play an important role in the transition from premalignant to malignant state in cervical lesions.

Introduction: Propofol and sevoflurane have a long history in pediatric anesthesia. Combining both drugs at low dose levels offers new opportunities. However, monitoring the hypnotic effects of this drug combination in children is challenging, because the currently available processed EEG-based systems are insufficiently validated in young children and the co-administration of anesthetics. This study investigated electroencephalographic density spectral array monitoring during propofol/sevoflurane coadministration with fixed sevoflurane- and variable propofol dosages., Patients and Methods: We analyzed the density spectral array pattern recorded during propofol/sevoflurane anesthesia in pediatric patients from birth to 11 years of age. Data from 78 patients were suitable for analysis. The primary outcome parameter of this study was the correlation between variable propofol dosages and the expression of the four electroencephalogram frequency bands β, α, θ, and δ. The main secondary outcome parameters were the intra-operative total EEG power and the prevalence of burst suppression., Results: In patients above the age of 1 year, a dose-dependent correlation between the propofol dosage and the relative percentage of β (-12.2%, p < 0.001) and δ (5.1%, p < 0.001) was found. There was an age-dependent trend toward increasing mean EEG power, with the most significant increase in the first year of life. In 14.1% of our patients, at least one episode of burst suppression occurred., Conclusion: DSA-guided augmentation of propofol anesthesia with sevoflurane provides sufficient depth of anesthesia at doses usually considered sub-anesthetic in children, leading to less anesthetic drug exposure for the individual child., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.. All rights reserved.)

Background and Objectives : Real-life data on the efficacy of biologic agents (BAs) on asthma-comorbid CRSwNP are needed. Our primary goal is to investigate the effects of BAs on CRSwNP symptoms, as well as endoscopic and tomography scores. Our secondary goal is to show a reduction in the frequency of acute sinusitis exacerbations and the need for surgery. Materials and Methods : We conducted a multicenter, retrospective, real-life study. We screened the patients with asthma-comorbid CRSwNP treated with omalizumab or mepolizumab. A total of 69 patients (40 F/29 M; omalizumab n = 55, mepolizumab n = 14) were enrolled. We compared the visual analog scale (VAS), sinonasal outcome test-22 (SNOT-22), nasal congestion score (NCS), Lund-Mackay computed tomography score (LMS), and total endoscopic polyp scores (TPS) before and after BAs. We evaluated the endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) and acute exacerbations of chronic rhinosinusitis (AECRS) frequencies separately, according to the BAs. Results: The overall median (min-max) age was 43 (21-69) years. The median (min-max) of biologic therapy duration was 35 (4-113) months for omalizumab and 13.5 (6-32) for mepolizumab. Significant improvements were seen in VAS, SNOT-22, and NCS with omalizumab and mepolizumab. A significant decrease was observed in TPS with omalizumab [95% CI: 0-4] ( p < 0.001), but not with mepolizumab [95% CI: -0.5-2] ( p = 0.335). The frequency of ESS and AECRS were significantly reduced with omalizumab [95% CI: 2-3] ( p < 0.001) and [95% CI: 2-5] ( p < 0.001); and mepolizumab [95% CI: 0-2] ( p = 0.002) and [95% CI: 2-8.5] ( p < 0.001), respectively. There was no significant difference in LMS with either of the BAs. Conclusions: Omalizumab and mepolizumab can provide a significant improvement in the sinonasal symptom scores. BAs are promising agents for CRSwNP patients with frequent exacerbations and multiple surgeries.

Endothelial cells (ECs) adapt to the unique needs of their resident tissue and metabolic perturbations, such as obesity. We sought to understand how obesity affects EC metabolic phenotypes, specifically mitochondrial gene expression. We investigated the mesenteric and adipose endothelium because these vascular beds have distinct roles in lipid homeostasis. Initially, we performed bulk RNA sequencing on ECs from mouse adipose and mesenteric vasculatures after a normal chow (NC) diet or high-fat diet (HFD) and found higher mitochondrial gene expression in adipose ECs compared with mesenteric ECs in both NC and HFD mice. Next, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing and categorized ECs as arterial, capillary, venous, or lymphatic. We found mitochondrial genes to be enriched in adipose compared with mesentery under NC conditions in artery and capillary ECs. After HFD, these genes were decreased in adipose ECs, becoming like mesenteric ECs. Transcription factor analysis revealed that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) had high specificity in NC adipose artery and capillary ECs. These findings were recapitulated in single-nuclei RNA-sequencing data from human visceral adipose. The sum of these findings suggests that mesenteric and adipose arterial ECs metabolize lipids differently, and the transcriptional phenotype of the vascular beds converges in obesity due to downregulation of PPAR-γ in adipose artery and capillary ECs. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Using bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing on endothelial cells from adipose and mesentery, we found that an obesogenic diet induces a reduction in adipose endothelial oxidative phosphorylation gene expression, resulting in a phenotypic convergence of mesenteric and adipose endothelial cells. Furthermore, we found evidence that PPAR-γ drives this phenotypic shift. Mining of human data sets segregated based on body mass index supported these findings. These data point to novel mechanisms by which obesity induces endothelial dysfunction.

Aim: Clinical studies indicate that there is an association between high levels of thyroid autoantibodies and psychiatric disorders, independent of impairment of thyroid function. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between thyroid autoimmunity and mood disorders in euthyroid girls with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) in a case-control study., Material and Methods: We recruited 82 participants: 41 pubertal female patients with thyroiditis from endocrine outpatient clinics and a control group of 41 healthy pubertal girls from the University Hospital. Age ranged from 12 to 18 years; the diagnosis of HT was based on high levels of anti-TPO and/or anti-Tg antibodies associated with a hypoechogenic or normal thyroid ultrasound pattern. Other comorbidities known to affect mental and physical health were exclusion factors. All participants underwent a complete thyroid evaluation, assays of serum-free T4, TSH, anti-TPO antibodies, anti-Tg antibodies, and thyroid ultrasonography. They were then referred to a child psychiatrist. A psychiatric diagnosis was made in two steps. First, the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) tests were implemented according to the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria to be calculated. Second, the same psychiatrist conducted a K-SADS-PL semi-structured interview while unaware of the children's data., Results: There was no significant difference in CDI score between patients with and without HT ( p = 0.47). Patients with HT had significantly higher SCARED scores than patients without HT ( p < 0.05). In the SCARED test, the subcategories of separation anxiety and social anxiety were significantly higher in the HT group ( p = 0.04 and p = 0.01, respectively). During the K-SADS interview by the attending child psychiatrist, psychopathology diagnoses were detected in 27 of 41 patients (66%) with HT and in 8 of 41 individuals (19.5%) in the control group. Psychopathology was significantly higher in the HT group ( p < 0.01). The incidences of depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and social phobia were significantly higher in the HT group than in the control group ( p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the anti-TPO value was the most significant independent risk factor for the presence of depressive disorder ( p < 0.01)., Conclusion: This study described severe psychometric impairment in patients with euthyroid HT. We have demonstrated that autoimmune thyroid diseases, even in a euthyroid state, are associated with psychiatric disorders., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2023, Aydin et al.)

Research Background: Brain cancer is known to be one of the most difficult types of cancer to cure. It has a serious impact on the lives of diagnosed people due to the insufficient treatment options and their side effects. The search for new alternative treatments is therefore ongoing. Melocan ( Smilax excelsa L.) and galdirik ( Trachystemon orientalis ) are of great importance in both traditional culinary culture and traditional medicine around the Black Sea; however, the knowledge about their antioxidant and cytotoxic effects remains fairly limited., Experimental Approach: The aim of this study is to determine the antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of Smilax excelsa and Trachystemon orientalis on the C6 glioblastoma cell line. The plants of Smilax excelsa and Trachystemon orientalis were dried and extracted and then their total phenolic content (TPC) and phenolic profiles were studied. In addition, their total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) were determined using an assay kit. We also analysed the total antioxidant activity (TAA) using the DPPH radical scavenging assay and the cytotoxic effect on the glioma cells using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) assay., Results and Conclusions: According to the results, the water extracts of Smilax excelsa and Trachystemon orientalis had higher TPC (expressed in gallic acid equivalents on dry mass basis: 1158.17 and 262 mg/100 g, respectively) than the ethanol extracts. TAA expressed in Trolox equivalents on dry mass basis was 192.86 and 131.92 mg/100 g for Smilax excelsa and Trachystemon orientalis , respectively. The MTT assay showed that Trachystemon orientalis had a greater cytotoxic effect. In conclusion, the findings of the current study are promising for the development of new drugs., Novelty and Scientific Contribution: This is the first study that aims to evaluate the potential cytotoxic activity of two local Turkish plants, Smilax excelsa and Trachystemon orientalis, against C6 glioblastoma cells. The results confirm that both plants could be used as good therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer in the future., Competing Interests: CONFLICT OF INTEREST Authors state that there was no conflict of interest for the study that would have affected the objective, interpretation and presentation of the results., (Authors.)

Objectives: The aim of the study is 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging by using deep learning method are predictive for pathological complete response pCR after Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC)., Introduction: NAC is the standard treatment for locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). Pathological complete response (pCR) after NAC is considered a good predictor of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).Therefore, there is a need to develop methods that can predict the pCR at the time of diagnosis., Methods: This article was designed as a retrospective chart study.For the convolutional neural network model, a total of 355 PET/CT images of 31 patients were used. All patients had primary breast surgery after completing NAC., Results: Pathological complete response was obtained in a total of 9 patients. The study results show that our proposed deep convolutional neural networks model achieved a remarkable success with an accuracy of 84.79% to predict pathological complete response., Conclusion: It was concluded that deep learning methods can predict breast cancer treatment., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2023 Bulut et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

Quorum sensing (QS) is the process by which microorganisms employ chemicals called autoinducers (AIs) to communicate with their population. The QS mechanism generally controls the expression of the virulence related genes in bacteria. N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) are the most widespread QS molecules. Due to their diverse AHL-lactonase activities, Bacillus species make particularly suitable candidates for procedures such as demolition of pathogenic bacterial QS signals and bioremediation of β-lactam antibiotics from contaminated environments. In this study, seven Bacillus strains with Quorum quenching (QQ) activity were isolated using an enrichment medium supplemented with Penicillin G (PenG). The AHL-lactonase encoding gene (aiiA) was amplified by PCR and sequenced. Amino acid sequences underwent multiple sequence alignment. Docking studies were carried out with both C6HSL and PenG ligand using AutoDock tools. The aiiA amino acid sequences of the isolates were found to be well conserved. Furthermore, amino acid sequence alignment revealed that 74.9% of amino acid sequences were conserved in the genus Bacillus. Docking of the C6HSL to wild type (3DHA) and H97D variant reduced the docking score by only 0.1 kcal/mol for the mutated protein. When PenG docked with a higher (1.5 kcal/mol) score as a ligand to wild-type and mutant receptors, the docking score for the mutated protein likewise decreased by 0.1 kcal/mol. This research contributed to the diversification of organisms with QQ activity and beta-lactam antibiotic resistance. It also clarified the binding score of the PenG ligand to the Bacillus AHL lactonase molecule for the first time., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)