Search

Aims. We derived galaxy colour selections from Euclid and ground-based photometry, aiming to accurately define background galaxy samples in cluster weak-lensing analyses. These selections have been implemented in the Euclid data analysis pipelines for galaxy clusters. Methods. Given any set of photometric bands, we developed a method for the calibration of optimal galaxy colour selections that maximises the selection completeness, given a threshold on purity. Such colour selections are expressed as a function of the lens redshift. Results. We calibrated galaxy selections using simulated ground-based griz and EuclidYEJEHE photometry. Both selections produce a purity higher than 97%. The griz selection completeness ranges from 30% to 84% in the lens redshift range zl ∈ [0.2, 0.8]. With the full grizYEJEHE selection, the completeness improves by up to 25 percentage points, and the zl range extends up to zl = 1.5. The calibrated colour selections are stable to changes in the sample limiting magnitudes and redshift, and the selection based on griz bands provides excellent results on real external datasets. Furthermore, the calibrated selections provide stable results using alternative photometric aperture definitions obtained from different ground-based telescopes. The griz selection is also purer at high redshift and more complete at low redshift compared to colour selections found in the literature. We find excellent agreement in terms of purity and completeness between the analysis of an independent, simulated Euclid galaxy catalogue and our calibration sample, except for galaxies at high redshifts, for which we obtain up to 50 percentage points higher completeness. The combination of colour and photo-z selections applied to simulated Euclid data yields up to 95% completeness, while the purity decreases down to 92% at high zl. We show that the calibrated colour selections provide robust results even when observations from a single band are missing from the ground-based data. Finally, we show that colour selections do not disrupt the shear calibration for stage III surveys. The first Euclid data releases will provide further insights into the impact of background selections on the shear calibration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unlabelled: The objective was to describe a case series of penetrating neck injuries (PNIs) and compare their management in combat versus civilian trauma., Methods: From 2012 to 2014, all soldiers and civilians referred to Percy Military Training Hospital for PNI were analyzed. The mechanism of injury, type and site of the lesion, and initial emergency management were noted., Results: Among the 55 patients, 26 were wounded in action, and 29 were civilians. PNIs were commonly stab wounds resulting from an assault. Anatomical zone II, as well as the central neck compartment, was the most affected area. The most affected organ was the larynx. 74% of patients underwent computed tomography angiography (CTA), surgical exploration was performed for 42% of patients, and 33% of patients required intensive care unit monitoring. The differences between the two groups in terms of management were not statistically significant., Conclusions: The current management is based on clinical examination and CTA and is similar between soldiers and civilians. Surgical exploration is less commonly used than CTA, which is a fast and accurate method to evaluate PNI for stable patients. The classification by compartment seems more relevant than the classification by anatomical zone, particularly in absence of medical imaging., (Reprint & Copyright © 2016 Association of Military Surgeons of the U.S.)

Introduction: Hyposmia is a common cause of functional complaint in patients with nasal polyposis. The aim of the current study was to report the olfactory functional results after sinus surgery., Materials and Methods: A systematic review of the scientific literature was achieved in the Pubmed database., Results: Overall, 10 series published between 1989 and 2013, involving 959 patients, were selected. The surgery for nasal polyposis, adjuvant medical treatment, may allow olfactory improvement. The results are even better than surgery is as wide as possible and the evolutionary stage is low.